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      "authors": "Younous Omarjee, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Patrick Le Hyaric, Jacky H\u00e9nin, Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon", 
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        "in point (c) of Article 5 of Commission", 
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        "Parliament and the Council and", 
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        "defined in Article 4(1)(a) of Directive", 
        "2011/61/EU of the European Parliament", 
        "and the Council;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0261(CNS)", 
      "seq": 81, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "ECON"
      ], 
      "authors": "Younous Omarjee, Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Patrick Le Hyaric, Jacky H\u00e9nin", 
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          "Proposal for a directive", 
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      "reference": "2011/0261(CNS)", 
      "seq": 94, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "ECON"
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      "authors": "Younous Omarjee, Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Patrick Le Hyaric, Jacky H\u00e9nin", 
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      "new": [
        "d(a) transactions involving payment for", 
        "goods imported or exported, travel-related", 
        "transactions carried out by private", 
        "individuals, transactions involving the", 
        "transfer of sums earned in the form of", 
        "wages or salaries and transactions carried", 
        "out as part of humanitarian, development", 
        "or international aid activities."
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      "reference": "2011/0261(CNS)", 
      "seq": 106, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "ECON"
      ], 
      "authors": "Younous Omarjee, Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Patrick Le Hyaric, Jacky H\u00e9nin", 
      "date": "2012-08-03T00:00:00", 
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        "transactions which are primarily", 
        "speculative in nature."
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        "a) 0.1% in respect of the financial", 
        "transactions referred to in Article 5;"
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      "committee": [
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      "authors": "Younous Omarjee, Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Patrick Le Hyaric, Jacky H\u00e9nin", 
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        "b) 0.01% in respect of financial", 
        "transactions referred to in Article 6."
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      "reference": "2011/0261(CNS)", 
      "seq": 132, 
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      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "ECON"
      ], 
      "authors": "Younous Omarjee, Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Patrick Le Hyaric, Jacky H\u00e9nin", 
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      "reference": "2011/0261(CNS)", 
      "seq": 163, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "ECON"
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      "authors": "Younous Omarjee, Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Patrick Le Hyaric, Jacky H\u00e9nin", 
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        "Member States shall not maintain or", 
        "introduce taxes on financial transactions", 
        "other than the FTT object of this Directive", 
        "or value-added tax as provided for in", 
        "Council Directive 2006/112/EC."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0261(CNS)", 
      "seq": 164, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "ECON"
      ], 
      "authors": "Younous Omarjee, Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Patrick Le Hyaric, Jacky H\u00e9nin", 
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        "Member States shall adopt and publish, by", 
        "31 December 2013 at the latest, the laws,", 
        "regulations and administrative provisions", 
        "necessary to comply with this Directive.", 
        "They shall forthwith communicate to the", 
        "Commission the text of those provisions", 
        "and a correlation table between those", 
        "provisions and this Directive."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0261(CNS)", 
      "seq": 178, 
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      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      "authors": "Younous Omarjee, Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Patrick Le Hyaric, Jacky H\u00e9nin", 
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        "and a correlation table between those", 
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        "They shall apply those provisions from", 
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      "seq": 179, 
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      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "ECON"
      ], 
      "authors": "Younous Omarjee, Jean-Luc M\u00e9lenchon, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Patrick Le Hyaric, Jacky H\u00e9nin", 
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Marc Tarabella", 
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        "usually organisations which have", 
        "different standards and regulations than", 
        "classic enterprises, are created to meet", 
        "social and/or public policy objectives, are", 
        "mainly non-profits that generate many", 
        "jobs and whose profits are mainly", 
        "reinvested to sustain or develop social", 
        "activities or to meet public policy", 
        "objectives, and that their operation also", 
        "aims to ensure the participation or even", 
        "the codecision of their employees and/or", 
        "users and/or partners; highlights that the", 
        "activities of social businesses cannot", 
        "usually be outsourced and play a strong", 
        "role in the social, economic and territorial", 
        "cohesion of the European Union and its", 
        "Member States;"
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        "1. Acknowledges that social businesses", 
        "have the potential to provide innovative", 
        "responses to the current social and", 
        "economic problems; encourages, therefore,", 
        "the development of a", 
        "supportive regulatory framework and the", 
        "provision of financial support to enable", 
        "them to grow and survive;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 4, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "IMCO"
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        "1. Acknowledges that social businesses", 
        "have the potential to provide innovative", 
        "responses to the current social and", 
        "economic problems; encourages, therefore,", 
        "the development of a regulatory framework", 
        "to promote the structural diversity of", 
        "social businesses, to meet the specific", 
        "nature of their activities in particular by", 
        "adopting specific EU statutes for social", 
        "and charitable economy players, and", 
        "forms of aid and ad hoc financial support", 
        "to enable them to carry out their activities", 
        "under suitable conditions with the aim of", 
        "meeting social and public policy needs", 
        "and to grow;"
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      "meps": [], 
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        "1a. Highlights that the recognition of", 
        "social businesses on an EU level should", 
        "not be limited to including social", 
        "objectives in certain commercial", 
        "enterprises but should take into account", 
        "the specific nature of each category of", 
        "social businesses, particularly those in the", 
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        "implement funding tools which allow", 
        "these businesses to carry out their", 
        "activities according to their own goals and", 
        "objectives and to establish solidarity", 
        "between them; also emphasises the fact", 
        "that a better knowledge of social", 
        "businesses and a qualitative, multi-party", 
        "and independent assessment of their", 
        "activities would promote their", 
        "contribution to society as a whole and", 
        "raise awareness of how social cohesion is", 
        "a source of economic and social wealth,", 
        "where it too often is considered to be", 
        "merely a cost;"
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        "2. Highlights the contribution of social", 
        "businesses to understanding and meeting", 
        "the needs of vulnerable consumers in", 
        "particular;"
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      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "IMCO"
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Marc Tarabella", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
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        "citizens for ethical behaviour which is", 
        "more respectful of human beings, the", 
        "environment, nature, social standards and", 
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        "integration of these groups is often given;"
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        "3. Calls on the Commission to adopt", 
        "measures to increase consumers\u2019", 
        "knowledge of, and confidence in, social", 
        "businesses and to encourage them to", 
        "actively support this type of business;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 13, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "IMCO"
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Marc Tarabella", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Calls on the Commission to adopt", 
        "measures aimed at the general public to", 
        "increase awareness of the activities of", 
        "social businesses and confidence in these", 
        "businesses and to encourage them to", 
        "actively support this type of business;"
      ], 
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        "4. Stresses that social businesses help to", 
        "build an \u2018active society\u2019 which is", 
        "supportive of sustainable and inclusive", 
        "economic growth;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "IMCO"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Marc Tarabella", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Stresses that social businesses by the", 
        "nature of their activities and their modus", 
        "operandi help to build a more cohesive", 
        "and democratic society which is", 
        "supportive of sustainable and inclusive", 
        "economic growth;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "5. Considers that corporate social", 
        "responsibility and \u2018social enterprise\u2019 are", 
        "complementary aspects of the same policy", 
        "and should consequently be developed in", 
        "a coordinated manner;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 21, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "IMCO"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Marc Tarabella", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "6. Is of the opinion that the reform of the", 
        "EU\u2019s public procurement rules provides a", 
        "good opportunity to improve respect for", 
        "social standards and increase the", 
        "participation of social businesses in public", 
        "contracts; insists that the main goals of", 
        "the reform \u2013 simplification", 
        "and modernisation \u2013 should not be", 
        "jeopardised by overly burdensome social", 
        "obligations or conditions;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 23, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "IMCO"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Marc Tarabella", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Is of the opinion that the reform of the", 
        "EU\u2019s public procurement rules provides a", 
        "good opportunity to improve respect for", 
        "social standards and ensure the equal", 
        "participation of social businesses at least in", 
        "public contracts and to reinforce the more", 
        "systematic implementation of social and", 
        "environmental criteria in awarding these", 
        "public contracts and concessions;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.712%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "7. Welcomes the Commission\u2019s proposal to", 
        "add the new category of disadvantaged", 
        "persons to reserved contracts; stresses that", 
        "such a significant extension of the notion", 
        "of reserved contracts should not come at", 
        "the cost of competitiveness;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 28, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "IMCO"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Marc Tarabella", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Welcomes the Commission\u2019s proposal to", 
        "add the new category of disadvantaged", 
        "persons to reserved contracts but considers", 
        "that social businesses usually have social", 
        "diversity objectives involving equal access", 
        "to their services and activities for all", 
        "groups including, but not limited to, the", 
        "most vulnerable groups; therefore", 
        "emphasises the need to avoid equating", 
        "social businesses to charities;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.712%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 30, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "IMCO"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Marc Tarabella", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7a. Welcomes the Commission\u2019s proposal", 
        "concerning Article 11 on revising the", 
        "public procurement Directive but calls for", 
        "the specific nature of social businesses,", 
        "particularly those in the social and", 
        "charitable economy, to be included,", 
        "particularly when they are responsible for", 
        "managing an SGEI in the context of", 
        "public\u2013public cooperation, in order to", 
        "take into account the pooling of resources", 
        "of social businesses as a response to social", 
        "needs, to the continuity of public social", 
        "services in the general interest in the EU,", 
        "and to the requirement of citizenship and", 
        "the performance of their tasks;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 7 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "8. Asks the Commission to develop a long-", 
        "term strategy to safeguard social goals and", 
        "to enhance the participation of social", 
        "businesses in public procurement, without", 
        "hampering the competitive awarding of", 
        "contracts or creating incentives to", 
        "circumvent the rules;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 31, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "IMCO"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Marc Tarabella", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Asks the Commission to develop a long-", 
        "term strategy to guarantee the respect,", 
        "promotion and development of EU social", 
        "goals in accordance with Article 3 of the", 
        "TEU and Article 9 of the TFEU, and, in", 
        "addition, to guarantee the equal", 
        "participation of social businesses and the", 
        "social and charitable economy in public", 
        "procurement;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. Encourages the EU as well as Member", 
        "States to provide concrete information on,", 
        "and education and training in CSR, in order", 
        "for enterprises to take full advantage of", 
        "CSR and be able to implement it in their", 
        "organisational culture;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2097(INI)", 
      "seq": 6, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Encourages the EU as well as Member", 
        "States to provide concrete information on,", 
        "and education and training in CSR, in order", 
        "for enterprises to be able to implement", 
        "CSR in their organisational culture;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
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      ]
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    {
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      "old": [
        "4. Underlines the importance of the link", 
        "between universities and enterprises and", 
        "points to the role CSR can play in giving", 
        "students practical experience during their", 
        "studies, either on a part-time basis or in", 
        "internships at the enterprises;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2097(INI)", 
      "seq": 15, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Underlines the importance of the link", 
        "between universities and enterprises and", 
        "points to the role CSR, social", 
        "entrepreneurship and the social economy", 
        "can play in enabling students to discover", 
        "the various forms entrepreneurship can", 
        "take and giving them more varied", 
        "practical experience during their studies,", 
        "either on a part-time basis or in internships", 
        "at the enterprises;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "5. Encourages enterprises to promote", 
        "creativity and cultural projects within", 
        "their CSR policies, in the context of civic", 
        "commitment, and to stimulate growth and", 
        "job creation;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2097(INI)", 
      "seq": 18, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Emphasises that a distinction needs to", 
        "be made between the concept of Corporate", 
        "Social Responsibility (CSR) and the", 
        "concepts of the social economy and social", 
        "entrepreneurship, in particular because", 
        "recognition as a social enterprise, and", 
        "beyond that, of a social economy, has to", 
        "entail more than some businesses or", 
        "financial firms including a few social", 
        "goals in their business activities;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "6. Points to the important contribution", 
        "CSR can make in creating opportunities for", 
        "learning and growth, civic commitment", 
        "and social integration by way of high-level", 
        "interaction with society;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2097(INI)", 
      "seq": 25, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Points out that CSR, and all forms of", 
        "entrepreneurship with a significant input", 
        "into society, can make an important", 
        "contribution in creating innovative", 
        "opportunities for learning and growth, civic", 
        "commitment and social integration;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6"
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      "old": [
        "7. Welcomes the European award scheme", 
        "for CSR partnerships between enterprises", 
        "and others stakeholders, including", 
        "educational institutions as an important", 
        "step in raising the visibility of CSR;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2097(INI)", 
      "seq": 31, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 7"
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        "8. Calls on the Member States to support", 
        "employee volunteering and employer-", 
        "supported volunteering also in the context", 
        "of CSR, as stated in the resolution of 12", 
        "June 2012 on recognising and promoting", 
        "cross-border voluntary activities in the EU."
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2097(INI)", 
      "seq": 36, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Calls on the Member States to support", 
        "and enhance the status of employee", 
        "volunteering and employer-supported", 
        "volunteering also in the context of CSR, as", 
        "stated in the resolution of 12 June 2012 on", 
        "recognising and promoting cross-border", 
        "voluntary activities in the EU; emphasises", 
        "that volunteering should not in any way", 
        "affect employees\u2019 pay or work and that", 
        "voluntary activities and paid work should", 
        "complement one another;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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        "2. Encourages the EU as well as Member", 
        "States to provide concrete information on,", 
        "and education and training in CSR, in order", 
        "for enterprises to take full advantage of", 
        "CSR and be able to implement it in their", 
        "organisational culture;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2098(INI)", 
      "seq": 6, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Encourages the EU as well as Member", 
        "States to provide concrete information on,", 
        "and education and training in CSR, in order", 
        "for enterprises to be able to implement", 
        "CSR in their organisational culture;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
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      ]
    }, 
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        "4. Underlines the importance of the link", 
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        "points to the role CSR can play in giving", 
        "students practical experience during their", 
        "studies, either on a part-time basis or in", 
        "internships at the enterprises;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2098(INI)", 
      "seq": 15, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-16T00:00:00", 
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        "between universities and enterprises and", 
        "points to the role CSR, social", 
        "entrepreneurship and the social economy", 
        "can play in enabling students to discover", 
        "the various forms entrepreneurship can", 
        "take and giving them more varied", 
        "practical experience during their studies,", 
        "either on a part-time basis or in internships", 
        "at the enterprises;"
      ], 
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        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4"
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    {
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        "their CSR policies, in the context of civic", 
        "commitment, and to stimulate growth and", 
        "job creation;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2098(INI)", 
      "seq": 18, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-16T00:00:00", 
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        "5. Emphasises that a distinction needs to", 
        "be made between the concept of Corporate", 
        "Social Responsibility (CSR) and the", 
        "concepts of the social economy and social", 
        "entrepreneurship, in particular because", 
        "recognition as a social enterprise, and", 
        "beyond that, of a social economy, has to", 
        "entail more than some businesses or", 
        "financial firms including a few social", 
        "goals in their business activities;"
      ], 
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          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
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        "6. Points to the important contribution", 
        "CSR can make in creating opportunities for", 
        "learning and growth, civic commitment", 
        "and social integration by way of high-level", 
        "of interaction with society;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2098(INI)", 
      "seq": 25, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Points out that CSR, and all forms of", 
        "entrepreneurship with a significant input", 
        "into society, can make an important", 
        "contribution in creating innovative", 
        "opportunities for learning and growth, civic", 
        "commitment and social integration;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6"
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        "7. Welcomes the European award scheme", 
        "for CSR partnerships between enterprises", 
        "and others stakeholders, including", 
        "educational institutions as an important", 
        "step in raising the visibility of CSR;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2098(INI)", 
      "seq": 31, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
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        "8. Calls on the Member States to support", 
        "employee volunteering and employer-", 
        "supported volunteering also in the context", 
        "of CSR, as stated in the resolution of 12", 
        "June 2012 on recognising and promoting", 
        "cross-border voluntary activities in the EU."
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2098(INI)", 
      "seq": 36, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Calls on the Member States to support", 
        "and enhance the status of employee", 
        "volunteering and employer-supported", 
        "volunteering also in the context of CSR, as", 
        "stated in the resolution of 12 June 2012 on", 
        "recognising and promoting cross-border", 
        "voluntary activities in the EU; emphasises", 
        "that volunteering should not in any way", 
        "affect employees\u2019 pay or work and that", 
        "voluntary activities and paid work should", 
        "complement one another;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Draft opinion", 
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    {
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      "old": [
        "(1) In line with Article 11 of the Treaty on", 
        "European Union, the Union's institutions", 
        "should give citizens and representative", 
        "associations the opportunity to make", 
        "known and publicly exchange their views", 
        "in all areas of Union action, as well as", 
        "maintain an open, transparent and regular", 
        "dialogue with representative associations", 
        "and civil society."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 96, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(1) In line with Articles 10 and 11 of the", 
        "Treaty on European Union, every citizen", 
        "has the right to participate in the", 
        "democratic life of the Union and the", 
        "Union's institutions should give citizens", 
        "and representative associations the", 
        "opportunity to make known and publicly", 
        "exchange their views in all areas of Union", 
        "action, as well as maintain an open,", 
        "transparent and regular dialogue with", 
        "representative associations and civil", 
        "society."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(2) With the Europe 2020 Strategy, the", 
        "Union and the Member States aim at", 
        "delivering growth, employment,", 
        "productivity and social cohesion for the", 
        "coming decade."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 98, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
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        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 99, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(2a) Facilitating the participation of", 
        "citizens in the democratic life of the", 
        "European Union requires a series of joint", 
        "actions by the Union to promote", 
        "fundamental freedoms, human rights and", 
        "democracy, cultural diversity, tolerance", 
        "and solidarity, in accordance with the", 
        "Charter of Fundamental Rights of the", 
        "European Union and the European", 
        "Convention for the Protection of Human", 
        "Rights and Fundamental Freedoms", 
        "(ECHR)."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(3) While there is objectively a clear added", 
        "value of being an Union citizen with", 
        "established rights, the Union does not", 
        "always highlight the link between the", 
        "solution of a broad range of economic and", 
        "social problems and the Union's policies in", 
        "an effective way. Hence, the impressive", 
        "achievements in terms of peace and", 
        "stability in Europe, long-term sustainable", 
        "growth, stable prices, an efficient", 
        "protection of consumers and the", 
        "environment and the promotion of", 
        "fundamental rights, have not always led to", 
        "a strong feeling of belonging of citizens to", 
        "the Union."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 100, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(3) While being a Union citizen with", 
        "established rights constitutes a key value", 
        "of the European Union, the European", 
        "institutions do not always highlight the", 
        "link between the causes of a broad range of", 
        "economic and social problems and the", 
        "Union's policies in an effective way. Hence", 
        "there is a need to analyse and reassess", 
        "these policies taking account both of the", 
        "achievements in terms of peace and", 
        "stability in Europe and of the failures to", 
        "respond effectively to the economic, and", 
        "particularly the social, crisis which", 
        "several EU Member States are", 
        "experiencing."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.350%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(4) In order to bring Europe closer to its", 
        "citizens and to enable them to participate", 
        "fully in the construction of an ever closer", 
        "Union, a variety of actions and coordinated", 
        "efforts through transnational and Union", 
        "level activities are required. The European", 
        "Citizens' Initiative provides a unique", 
        "opportunity to enable citizens to participate", 
        "directly in shaping the development of EU", 
        "legislation."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 107, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(4) In order to bring Europe closer to its", 
        "citizens and to enable them to participate", 
        "fully in the construction of a Union that is", 
        "more in tune with their expectations and", 
        "their concerns, a variety of actions", 
        "targeting all persons resident on the", 
        "territory of the Union are required and", 
        "steps should be taken to involve people in", 
        "transnational exchanges and cooperation", 
        "activities. The European Citizens' Initiative", 
        "provides an opportunity to enable citizens", 
        "to participate in shaping the development", 
        "of EU legislation."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(5) Decision No 1904/2006/EC of the", 
        "European Parliament and of the Council of", 
        "12 December 2006 establishing for the", 
        "period 2007 to 2013 the programme", 
        "\"Europe for Citizens\" to promote active", 
        "European citizenship set out an action", 
        "programme which has confirmed the need", 
        "to promote sustained dialogue with civil", 
        "society organisations and municipalities", 
        "and to support the active involvement of", 
        "citizens."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 111, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(5) Decision No 1904/2006/EC of the", 
        "European Parliament and of the Council of", 
        "12 December 2006 establishing for the", 
        "period 2007 to 2013 the programme", 
        "\"Europe for Citizens\" to promote active", 
        "European citizenship set out an action", 
        "programme which has confirmed the need", 
        "to promote sustained dialogue with civil", 
        "society organisations and public", 
        "authorities at all territorial levels and to", 
        "support the active involvement of citizens."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(6) The interim evaluation report, a public", 
        "online consultation and two consecutive", 
        "stakeholder consultation meetings", 
        "confirmed that a new Programme is", 
        "considered relevant both by civil society", 
        "organisations and by participating", 
        "individuals and it should be established in", 
        "order to have an impact at an", 
        "organisational level in terms of capacity", 
        "building and on a personal level in terms", 
        "of increased interest in Union matters."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 113, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(6) The interim evaluation report, a public", 
        "online consultation and two consecutive", 
        "stakeholder consultation meetings", 
        "confirmed that a new Programme is", 
        "considered relevant both by civil society", 
        "organisations and by participating", 
        "individuals and it should be established in", 
        "order to have an impact at an", 
        "organisational level in terms of increasing", 
        "citizens' awareness of and interest in", 
        "Union matters."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(8) The new programme should cover a", 
        "wide spectrum of different actions and", 
        "include, among others, citizens' meetings,", 
        "contacts and debates on citizenship issues,", 
        "Union level events, initiatives to reflect on", 
        "defining moments in European history,", 
        "initiatives to raise awareness about the", 
        "Union institutions and their functioning,", 
        "and debates on European policy issues,", 
        "with a view to invigorate all aspects of", 
        "public life."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 124, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(8) The new programme should cover a", 
        "wide spectrum of different actions and", 
        "include, among others, citizens' meetings,", 
        "contacts and debates on citizenship issues,", 
        "Union level events, initiatives to reflect on", 
        "defining moments in European history,", 
        "initiatives to raise awareness about the", 
        "Union institutions and their functioning,", 
        "and debates on European policy issues or", 
        "on matters of transnational interest to a", 
        "number of European citizens, with a view", 
        "to invigorating all aspects of public life."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.350%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 127, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(8a) The successive enlargements of the", 
        "European Union and old and new", 
        "migratory flows, combined with increased", 
        "mobility and more numerous contacts", 
        "between individuals, have resulted in the", 
        "EU exhibiting a great diversity of cultures", 
        "and languages. The exercise of citizenship", 
        "is based on mutual comprehension, which", 
        "constitutes a key element both for", 
        "strengthening democracy and social", 
        "cohesion and for combating racism,", 
        "xenophobia and intolerance. It is", 
        "therefore essential to promote any activity", 
        "aimed at facilitating and enhancing", 
        "intercultural dialogue and respect for", 
        "cultural and linguistic diversity in", 
        "accordance with the UNESCO", 
        "Convention of 2005 on the Protection and", 
        "Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural", 
        "Expressions."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 8 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.350%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 128, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(8b) Education, including non-formal and", 
        "informal education, plays a vitally", 
        "important role in both the teaching and", 
        "the exercise of citizenship, as it promotes", 
        "individual empowerment, solidarity and", 
        "mutual understanding and strengthens", 
        "social cohesion. It is therefore essential to", 
        "raise awareness of the European", 
        "institutions even amongst the very young", 
        "and to promote recognition of", 
        "volunteering, to acknowledge the abilities", 
        "and aptitudes acquired through voluntary", 
        "work and to remove the obstacles", 
        "hindering cross-border cooperation.", 
        "Likewise, recognition of the status of", 
        "European association should facilitate", 
        "development of cross-border projects."
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 8 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(9) A horizontal dimension of the", 
        "Programme should ensure the valorisation", 
        "and transferability of results for enhanced", 
        "impact and long-term sustainability. For", 
        "this purpose, activities launched should", 
        "have a clear link to the European political", 
        "agenda, and be communicated", 
        "appropriately."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 130, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(9) A horizontal dimension of the", 
        "Programme should ensure the valorisation", 
        "and transferability of results for enhanced", 
        "impact and long-term sustainability. For", 
        "this purpose, activities launched should be", 
        "communicated appropriately and in all", 
        "Union languages."
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 9"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(10) Special attention should be paid to the", 
        "balanced integration of citizens and civil", 
        "society organisations from all Member", 
        "States into transnational projects and", 
        "activities, taking into account the", 
        "multilingual character of the EU."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 132, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(10) Special attention should be paid to the", 
        "balanced integration of citizens and civil", 
        "society organisations from all Member", 
        "States into transnational projects and", 
        "activities, respecting the multilingual", 
        "character of the EU."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 10"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(11) The acceding countries, candidate", 
        "countries and potential candidates", 
        "benefiting from a pre-accession strategy on", 
        "one side, and the EFTA countries party to", 
        "the EEA Agreement on the other side are", 
        "recognised as potential participants in EU", 
        "programmes, in accordance with the", 
        "agreements concluded with them."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 135, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(11) The acceding countries, candidate", 
        "countries and potential candidates", 
        "benefiting from a pre-accession strategy,", 
        "the EFTA countries party to the EEA", 
        "Agreement and the countries involved in", 
        "the European Neighbourhood Policy are", 
        "recognised as potential participants in EU", 
        "programmes, in accordance with the", 
        "agreements concluded with them."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(13) The resources allocated to", 
        "communication actions under this", 
        "Regulation shall also contribute to", 
        "corporate communication of the political", 
        "priorities of the European Union as far as", 
        "they are related to the general objectives", 
        "of this Regulation."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 137, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 13"
        ]
      ]
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      "old": [
        "(14) The programme should be monitored", 
        "regularly and evaluated independently in", 
        "cooperation with the Commission and the", 
        "Member States in order to allow for the", 
        "readjustments which are necessary if the", 
        "measures are to be properly implemented."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 138, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(14) The programme should be monitored", 
        "regularly and evaluated independently in", 
        "cooperation with the Commission and the", 
        "Member States, and with the involvement", 
        "of the representatives of all stakeholders,", 
        "in order to allow for the readjustments", 
        "which are necessary if the measures are to", 
        "be properly implemented."
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 14"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(16) Preference will be given to grants for", 
        "projects with a high impact, in particular", 
        "those which are directly linked to EU", 
        "policies with a view to participate in the", 
        "shaping of the EU political agenda.", 
        "Moreover, following the principle of sound", 
        "financial management, the implementation", 
        "of the programme should be further", 
        "simplified by recourse to lump-sums, flat-", 
        "rate financing and the application of unit-", 
        "cost rates."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 140, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(16) Special attention must be paid to", 
        "medium- and small-scale projects, even", 
        "though they are not broad in scope, in", 
        "particular those in Member States where", 
        "there is a low level of activity by civil", 
        "society or of civic and political", 
        "participation. The main selection criteria", 
        "for the programme must be based on the", 
        "transnational dimension and citizen", 
        "participation. Moreover, following the", 
        "principle of sound financial management,", 
        "the implementation of the programme", 
        "should be further simplified by recourse to", 
        "lump-sums, flat-rate financing and the", 
        "application of unit-cost rates."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "\u2013 Strengthen remembrance and enhance", 
        "capacity for civic participation at the", 
        "Union level."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 147, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 Strengthen the participation of citizens in", 
        "the democratic life of the Union;"
      ], 
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 1 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 indent 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 149, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 Promote contacts, intercultural dialogue", 
        "and mutual comprehension between", 
        "citizens;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 1 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 indent 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 150, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 Raise awareness of the history of the", 
        "European Union and its institutions;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 1 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 indent 1 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "1. Raise awareness on remembrance,", 
        "Union history, identity and aim by", 
        "stimulating debate, reflection and", 
        "networking;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 153, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. raise awareness of European history", 
        "and of the Union's institutions by", 
        "stimulating debate, reflection and", 
        "networking;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 subparagraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.350%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 160, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. enhance tolerance and mutual", 
        "comprehension, particularly through", 
        "respect for cultural and linguistic diversity", 
        "and promotion of intercultural dialogue", 
        "between all persons resident on the", 
        "territory of the Union."
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
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        "level."
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
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      "seq": 169, 
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      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
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      "old": [
        "\u2013 Citizens' meetings, town-twinning"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 173, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
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    {
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      "seq": 174, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 Grassroots projects for cooperation on", 
        "citizenship issues;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 3 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 indent 1 a (new)"
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      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "\u2013 Support for organisations of a general", 
        "European interest"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 179, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 Support, including structural support,", 
        "for organisations engaged in cross-border", 
        "activities;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 3 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 indent 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "\u2013 Debates/studies and interventions on", 
        "defining moments in European history, in", 
        "particular to keep the memory alive of the", 
        "crimes committed under Nazism and", 
        "Stalinism"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 188, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 Debates and studies on European history", 
        "and European integration;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 3 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 indent 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 194, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 Commemorations, debates and use of", 
        "key sites and archives to raise awareness", 
        "of Europe\u2019s colonial history and religious", 
        "wars, the clashes between European", 
        "nations and the impact of Nazism \u2013 whose", 
        "determination to wipe out entire races or", 
        "groups sets it apart and must under no", 
        "circumstances be trivialised \u2013, Stalinism", 
        "and totalitarian regimes, in particular", 
        "fascist and military regimes;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 3 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 indent 6 a (new)"
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      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.350%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "\u2013 Support of programme", 
        "information/advice structures in the", 
        "Member States"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 209, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 Support for programme", 
        "information/advice structures in the", 
        "Member States, the results achieved by", 
        "which must be carefully assessed prior to", 
        "any renewal or extension"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 3 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 indent 11"
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      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.350%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 214, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(ca) the European Neighbourhood Policy", 
        "countries."
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 5 \u2013 point c a (new)"
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        "The programme shall be open to all", 
        "stakeholders promoting European", 
        "integration, in particular local authorities", 
        "and organisations, European public policy", 
        "research organisations (think-tanks),", 
        "citizens' groups and other civil society", 
        "organisations (such as survivors'", 
        "associations), and educational and research", 
        "institutions."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 215, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
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        "The programme shall be open to all", 
        "stakeholders promoting European", 
        "citizenship and integration, intercultural", 
        "dialogue and mutual understanding", 
        "among citizens, in particular local and", 
        "regional authorities and civil society", 
        "organisations, with particular reference to", 
        "cultural institutions, youth associations,", 
        "educational and research institutions and", 
        "citizens\u2019 groups."
      ], 
      "location": [
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      "seq": 220, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2a. The Commission shall ensure that the", 
        "membership of the committee includes a", 
        "broad range of representatives from civil", 
        "society, in particular from youth", 
        "associations and community education", 
        "groups, as well as representatives from", 
        "local authorities."
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        "2. The resources allocated to", 
        "communication actions under this", 
        "Regulation shall also contribute to", 
        "covering the corporate communication of", 
        "the political priorities of the European", 
        "Union, as far as they are related to the", 
        "general objectives of this Regulation."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 225, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
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      "location": [
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      "old": [
        "STRAND 1: Remembrance and European", 
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      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
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      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
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        "intercultural dialogue"
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        "The strand is defined by the possible", 
        "projects and initiatives that can be", 
        "launched under its heading, not by the", 
        "type of civic organisations or actors that", 
        "can apply."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 232, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
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        "It will support activities that invite to", 
        "reflection on common values in the", 
        "broadest sense, taking into account", 
        "diversity. Funds may be available for", 
        "initiatives reflecting on causes of", 
        "totalitarian regimes in Europe's modern", 
        "history (especially but not exclusively", 
        "Nazism and Stalinism) and to", 
        "commemorate their victims. The strand", 
        "should also encompass activities", 
        "concerning other reference points in", 
        "recent European history. In particular, it", 
        "will give preference to actions which", 
        "encourage tolerance and reconciliation", 
        "with a view to reaching the younger", 
        "generation."
      ], 
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      "seq": 236, 
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      "meps": [], 
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        "The strand will support activities that", 
        "invite reflection on common values in the", 
        "broadest sense, taking into account", 
        "cultural and linguistic diversity, so as to", 
        "promote dialogue and mutual respect.", 
        "Funds may be available for initiatives", 
        "reflecting on the causes of Nazism, whose", 
        "determination to wipe out entire races or", 
        "groups sets it apart and must under no", 
        "circumstances be trivialised, as well as of", 
        "fascism, which again must not be in any", 
        "way trivialised. The strand should also", 
        "cover an analysis of the reasons for the", 
        "emergence of dictatorial regimes,", 
        "including Stalinism, an analysis of the", 
        "impact of colonialism, and victims\u2019", 
        "remembrance initiatives. The strand", 
        "should also support activities promoting", 
        "cultural and linguistic diversity and", 
        "mutual understanding through", 
        "intercultural dialogue, both within", 
        "Europe and with the rest of the world. In", 
        "particular, it will give preference to actions", 
        "which promote an understanding of", 
        "history, concerted remembrance efforts,", 
        "tolerance and reconciliation with a view to", 
        "reaching the younger generation."
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Annex \u2013 part 1 \u2013 section 1 \u2013 paragraph 2"
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      "old": [
        "STRAND 2: Democratic engagement and", 
        "civic participation"
      ], 
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      "seq": 245, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
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        "launched under its heading, not by the type", 
        "of civic organisations or actors that can", 
        "apply. The strand will accommodate", 
        "activities that cover civic participation in", 
        "the broadest sense, with particular focus on", 
        "structuring methods for long-term", 
        "sustainability. It will give preference to", 
        "initiatives and projects with a clear link to", 
        "the European political agenda."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 247, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
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        "The strand is defined by the possible", 
        "projects and initiatives that can be", 
        "launched under its heading, not by the type", 
        "of civic organisations or actors that can", 
        "apply. The strand will accommodate", 
        "activities that cover civic participation in", 
        "the broadest sense, with particular focus on", 
        "structuring methods for long-term", 
        "sustainability."
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        "solidarity, societal engagement and", 
        "volunteering at Union level."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 249, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
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        "(Does not affect English version.)"
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        "Much remains to be done to attract more", 
        "women in political and economic decision-", 
        "making. Women's voices should be better", 
        "heard and acted upon by those responsible", 
        "for taking the policy decisions that impact", 
        "on people's lives."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 252, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Much remains to be done to attract more", 
        "young people, women, cultural minorities", 
        "and groups suffering from discrimination", 
        "into political and economic decision-", 
        "making. Their voices should be better", 
        "heard and acted upon by those responsible", 
        "for taking the policy decisions that impact", 
        "on people's daily lives. The story of their", 
        "struggles should be given the attention it", 
        "deserves."
      ], 
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        "In general, preference will be given to", 
        "grants for projects with a high impact, in", 
        "particular those which are directly linked", 
        "to Union policies with a view to", 
        "participate in the shaping of the Union", 
        "political agenda."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 258, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
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        "deleted"
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      "location": [
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      "old": [
        "The budget allocated shall also cover", 
        "corporate communication on the political", 
        "priorities of the Union."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0436(APP)", 
      "seq": 262, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
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      "location": [
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      "old": [
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      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
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        "(1) The Treaty aims at an ever closer union", 
        "among the peoples of Europe and confers", 
        "on the Union the task, inter alia, of", 
        "contributing to the flowering of cultures of", 
        "Member States, while respecting their", 
        "national and regional diversity and at the", 
        "same time ensuring that the conditions", 
        "necessary for the competitiveness of the", 
        "Union\u2019s industry exist. In this respect, the", 
        "Union, where necessary, supports and", 
        "supplements Member States\u2019 actions to", 
        "respect cultural and linguistic diversity,", 
        "strengthen the competitiveness of the", 
        "European cultural and creative sectors", 
        "and facilitate adaptation to industrial", 
        "changes, in particular through vocational", 
        "training."
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        "Member States, while respecting their", 
        "national and regional diversity. In this", 
        "respect, the Union, where necessary,", 
        "supports and supplements Member States\u2019", 
        "actions to respect cultural and linguistic", 
        "diversity and promote a cultural Europe", 
        "as part of the expression of freedom,", 
        "inclusion, social cohesion, intercultural", 
        "dialogue, promoting awareness of", 
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        "necessary for the competitiveness of the", 
        "Union's industry exist. In this respect, the", 
        "Union, where necessary, supports and", 
        "supplements Member States' actions to", 
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        "strengthen the competitiveness of the", 
        "European cultural and creative sectors and", 
        "facilitate adaptation to industrial changes,", 
        "in particular through vocational training."
      ], 
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      "seq": 204, 
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      "meps": [], 
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
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        "among the peoples of Europe and confers", 
        "on the Union the task, inter alia, of", 
        "contributing to the flowering of cultures of", 
        "Member States, while respecting their", 
        "national and regional diversity and at the", 
        "same time ensuring that the conditions", 
        "necessary for the competitiveness of the", 
        "Union's industry exist. In this respect, the", 
        "Union, where necessary, supports and", 
        "supplements Member States' actions to", 
        "respect and promote cultural and linguistic", 
        "diversity, in accordance with the 2005", 
        "Unesco Convention on the Protection and", 
        "Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural", 
        "Expressions, strengthen the", 
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        "and creative sectors and facilitate", 
        "adaptation to industrial changes, in", 
        "particular through vocational training."
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        "sectors are inherently fragmented along", 
        "national and linguistic lines. On the one", 
        "hand, fragmentation results in a culturally", 
        "diverse and highly independent cultural", 
        "landscape, providing a voice for the", 
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        "diversity of our European heritage. On the", 
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        "and sub-optimal transnational circulation", 
        "of cultural and creative works and", 
        "operators within and outside the Union, to", 
        "geographical imbalances and -", 
        "subsequently - to a limited choice for the", 
        "consumer."
      ], 
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      "seq": 225, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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        "diversity of our European heritage. On the", 
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        "and sub-optimal transnational circulation", 
        "and mobility of cultural and creative works", 
        "and operators within and outside the", 
        "Union, to geographical imbalances and -", 
        "subsequently - to a limited choice for the", 
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        "(12) Current distribution practices underpin", 
        "the film financing system. However, there", 
        "is an increasing need to promote the", 
        "emergence of attractive legal online offers", 
        "and encourage innovation. Therefore,", 
        "promoting flexibility of new distribution", 
        "modes in order to allow the emergence of", 
        "new business models is essential."
      ], 
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      "seq": 231, 
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      "meps": [], 
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        "the film financing system. However, there", 
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        "of the means of distribution, for example", 
        "by lifting embargoes, with a view to more", 
        "effective marketing, in particular of art", 
        "house films."
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      "meps": [], 
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      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(12 a) In order to reach new audiences,", 
        "targeted efforts by the Member States and", 
        "the EU are needed to improve access to", 
        "individual social groups and to strengthen", 
        "their involvement and inclusion."
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        "(16) The European Capital of Culture and", 
        "the European Heritage Label help to", 
        "strengthen the feeling of belonging to a", 
        "common cultural area, and contribute to", 
        "enhancing the value of cultural heritage.", 
        "Funding should be provided for these two", 
        "Union actions."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 243, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(16) Resources should also be made", 
        "available for the European Capital of", 
        "Culture and the European Heritage Label,", 
        "as these initiatives promote cultural", 
        "integration, enhance the value of cultural", 
        "heritage and contribute to the creation of", 
        "a European public space."
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        "(19) Cooperation between the Programme", 
        "and international organisations in the field", 
        "of culture and audiovisual such as", 
        "UNESCO, the Council of Europe and in", 
        "particular Eurimages, OECD and the", 
        "World Intellectual Property Organisation", 
        "(WIPO) needs to be fostered."
      ], 
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      "seq": 254, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
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        "(19) Cooperation between the Programme", 
        "and international organisations in the field", 
        "of culture and audiovisual such as", 
        "UNESCO, the Council of Europe and", 
        "Eurimages, OECD and the World", 
        "Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO)", 
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        "(23) With regard to the implementation of", 
        "the Programme, the specific nature of the", 
        "cultural and creative sectors should be", 
        "taken into account, and particular care", 
        "should be taken to ensure that", 
        "administrative and financial procedures", 
        "are simplified."
      ], 
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      "seq": 261, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
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        "(23) With regard to the implementation of", 
        "the Programme, the specific nature of the", 
        "cultural and creative sectors should be", 
        "taken into account, with particular", 
        "attention paid to the so-called three-sector", 
        "model, namely recognition of the", 
        "commercial, publicly-supported and free", 
        "profit-making areas."
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        "performance related assessment, the", 
        "procedures for monitoring and evaluating", 
        "the programme should include detailed", 
        "annual reports and refer to the specific,", 
        "measurable, achievable, relevant and time-", 
        "bound targets and indicators laid down in", 
        "this Regulation."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 267, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
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        "performance related assessment, the", 
        "procedures for monitoring and evaluating", 
        "the programme should include detailed", 
        "annual reports and refer to the specific,", 
        "measurable, achievable, relevant and time-", 
        "bound targets and appropriate indicators", 
        "laid down in this Regulation."
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        "Europe Programme for support to the", 
        "European cultural and creative sectors", 
        "(hereinafter referred to as \u2018the", 
        "Programme\u2019) for the period from 1 January", 
        "2014 to 31 December 2020."
      ], 
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      "seq": 272, 
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      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
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        "Cultural Europe Programme for support to", 
        "the European cultural and creative sectors", 
        "(hereinafter referred to as \u2018the", 
        "Programme\u2019) for the period from 1 January", 
        "2014 to 31 December 2020."
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        "1. 'cultural and creative sectors' means all", 
        "sectors whose activities are based on", 
        "cultural values and/or artistic and creative", 
        "expressions, whether these activities are", 
        "market or non-market oriented and", 
        "whatever the type of structure that carries", 
        "them out. These activities include the", 
        "creation, the production, the dissemination", 
        "and the preservation of goods and services", 
        "which embody cultural, artistic or creative", 
        "expressions, as well as related functions", 
        "such as education, management or", 
        "regulation. The cultural and creative", 
        "sectors include in particular architecture,", 
        "archives and libraries, artistic crafts,", 
        "audiovisual (including film, television,", 
        "video games and multimedia), cultural", 
        "heritage, design, festivals, music,", 
        "performing arts, publishing, radio and", 
        "visual arts;"
      ], 
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      "seq": 274, 
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      "meps": [], 
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        "cultural values and/or artistic and creative", 
        "expressions, whether these activities fall", 
        "within the commercial, publicly-supported", 
        "or free profit-making areas and whatever", 
        "the type of structure that carries them out.", 
        "These activities include the creation, the", 
        "production, the dissemination and the", 
        "preservation of goods and services which", 
        "embody cultural, artistic or creative", 
        "expressions.", 
        "The cultural and creative sectors include in", 
        "particular:", 
        "\u2013 architecture, archives, libraries and", 
        "museums, artistic crafts, cultural heritage,", 
        "fashion, design, festivals, music,", 
        "performing arts, publishing, radio and", 
        "visual arts;", 
        "\u2013 the audiovisual sector (including film,", 
        "television, video games and multimedia);"
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        "3. 'financial intermediaries' means", 
        "financial institutions providing or", 
        "planning to provide loan facilities or", 
        "additional expertise regarding the cultural", 
        "and creative sectors."
      ], 
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      "seq": 284, 
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      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
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      "new": [
        "1a. The programme shall also support", 
        "actions and activities presenting a", 
        "potential European added value which", 
        "contribute to European integration and", 
        "help create a European public space."
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        "(b) the economies of scale and critical mass", 
        "which Union support fosters creating a", 
        "leverage effect for additional funds;"
      ], 
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      "seq": 302, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
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        "which Union support fosters creating a", 
        "leverage effect for additional funds,", 
        "bearing in mind the specific conditions in", 
        "the free profit-making area;"
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      "seq": 312, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
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        "(a a) the effect of activities contributing to", 
        "the broadening of cultural diversity and", 
        "European integration and to the creation", 
        "of a European public space."
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        "(a) to foster the safeguarding and", 
        "promotion of European cultural and", 
        "linguistic diversity;"
      ], 
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      "seq": 314, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
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        "(a) to promote a common and diverse", 
        "culture and put across the idea of culture,", 
        "and cultural knowledge in general, as an", 
        "expression of cultural diversity and as a", 
        "means of fostering European integration", 
        "and a sense of European identity,", 
        "combating prejudice and creating a", 
        "European public space;"
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      "seq": 326, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(aa) to promote a common and diverse", 
        "culture, support for the research and", 
        "mediation of culture and cultural", 
        "knowledge in general;"
      ], 
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        "(b) to promote the transnational circulation", 
        "of cultural and creative works and", 
        "operators and reach new audiences in", 
        "Europe and beyond;"
      ], 
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      "seq": 328, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(b) to promote and enhance the", 
        "transnational circulation and mobility of", 
        "European cultural and creative works and", 
        "the mobility of cultural and creative", 
        "operators, in particular artists and creative", 
        "professionals (especially women), as well", 
        "as to reach new audiences and improve", 
        "access to cultural and creative works in", 
        "the Union and beyond, in particular for", 
        "children, young persons, disabled persons", 
        "and under-represented groups;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
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          "Article 5 \u2013 point b"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(c) to strengthen the financial capacity of", 
        "the cultural and creative sectors, and in", 
        "particular small and medium-sized", 
        "enterprises and organisations;"
      ], 
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      "seq": 340, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(c) to strengthen the financial capacity of", 
        "the cultural and creative sectors, and in", 
        "particular small and medium-sized", 
        "enterprises and free profit-making", 
        "organisations;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "1. The Commission shall establish a", 
        "Facility targeting the cultural and creative", 
        "sectors and operated within the context of", 
        "a Union debt instrument for small and", 
        "medium-sized enterprises. This facility", 
        "shall have the following priorities:"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 367, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. The Commission shall establish a", 
        "Facility targeting the cultural and creative", 
        "sectors under specific conditions which", 
        "are to be determined and bearing in mind", 
        "that this instrument shall not essentially", 
        "replace funding. This facility shall have", 
        "the following priorities:"
      ], 
      "location": [
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        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(a) facilitate access to finance for small-", 
        "and medium-sized enterprises and", 
        "organisations in the European cultural and", 
        "creative sectors;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 381, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(a) facilitate access to finance for free", 
        "profit-making, micro, small- and medium-", 
        "sized enterprises and organisations in the", 
        "European cultural and creative sectors;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 7 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point a"
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    }, 
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      "seq": 386, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(a a) the balanced provision of guarantees", 
        "to diverse (free profit-making,", 
        "commercial) undertakings and", 
        "organisations with the aim of improving", 
        "cultural diversity."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 7 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point a a (new)"
        ]
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    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(b) to this end, improve the capacity of", 
        "financial institutions to assess cultural", 
        "and creative projects, including technical", 
        "assistance and networking measures."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 388, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 7 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point b"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "seq": 393, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(b a) in order to ensure a balanced", 
        "provision of guarantees, precise", 
        "conditions will be drawn up for banks and", 
        "their sales representatives which will", 
        "protect primarily the free profit-making", 
        "sector."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 7 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point b a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 401, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(a a) establishment of \u2018Creative Europe\u2019", 
        "advisory bodies by Member States", 
        "participating in the framework", 
        "programme corresponding to their", 
        "internal needs, together with a guarantee", 
        "that account will be taken of existing", 
        "expertise and the specific characteristics", 
        "of the MEDIA and culture programmes."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 8 \u2013 point a a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(b) market data, studies, anticipation skills", 
        "and jobs\u2019 tools, evaluations, policy analysis", 
        "and support for statistical surveys;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 405, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(b) market data, studies, anticipation skills", 
        "and jobs\u2019 tools, evaluations, policy analysis", 
        "and support for statistical surveys, also", 
        "with regard to the free profit-making area", 
        "and the analysis of the conditions for", 
        "cultural activities;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 8 \u2013 point b"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(d) testing of new and cross-sectoral", 
        "business approaches to funding,", 
        "distributing, and monetising creation;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 408, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(d) testing of new and cross-sectoral", 
        "business approaches to the funding and", 
        "distribution of, and the demand for,", 
        "creation, also with regard to the free", 
        "profit-making area;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Article 8 \u2013 point d"
        ]
      ]
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      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 438, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Article 8a", 
        "Creation and cross-sectoral", 
        "experimentation", 
        "In order to encourage creation and", 
        "experimentation between different", 
        "cultural and creative sectors, the", 
        "Commission shall implement support", 
        "measures, through pilot projects, with a", 
        "view to increasing collaboration between", 
        "sectors which have hitherto had little or", 
        "no experience with collaboration."
      ], 
      "location": [
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      "old": [
        "(a) supporting actions providing operators", 
        "with skills and knowhow encouraging the", 
        "adaption to digital technologies, including", 
        "testing new approaches to audience", 
        "building and business models;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 461, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
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        "(a) supporting free profit-making actions", 
        "which contribute to reinforcing the", 
        "cultural and creative sector, such as", 
        "support for adaption to digital", 
        "technologies, including testing innovative", 
        "approaches to new cultural projects and", 
        "audience building, together with support", 
        "for cultural education;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 9 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point a"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(b) supporting actions enabling operators to", 
        "internationalise their careers in Europe", 
        "and beyond;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 473, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(b) supporting independent, non-profit-", 
        "making actions enabling operators to", 
        "secure international recognition;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 9 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point b"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(c) providing support to strengthen", 
        "European operators and international", 
        "cultural networks in order to facilitate", 
        "access to professional opportunities."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 478, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(c) providing support to strengthen", 
        "European operators in the independent,", 
        "non-profit-making sector and international", 
        "cultural networks in order to facilitate", 
        "access to professional opportunities."
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 9 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point c"
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    {
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      "seq": 481, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. promoting a common and diverse", 
        "culture and putting across the idea of", 
        "culture, and cultural knowledge in", 
        "general, as an expression of cultural", 
        "diversity and as a means of fostering", 
        "European integration and a sense of", 
        "European identity, combating prejudice", 
        "and creating a European public space."
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 9 \u2013 paragraph 1 a (new)"
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    {
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      "old": [
        "(a) supporting international touring, events", 
        "and exhibitions;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 485, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(a) supporting international touring, events,", 
        "festivals and exhibitions;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 9 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 point a"
        ]
      ]
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    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(a) cooperation measures bringing together", 
        "operators from different countries to", 
        "undertake sectoral or cross-sectoral", 
        "activities;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 496, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(a) cooperation measures bringing together", 
        "operators from different countries to", 
        "undertake activities which are specific to", 
        "one culture or cross-cultural in scope;"
      ], 
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 10 \u2013 point a"
        ]
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    {
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      "old": [
        "(c) activities by organisations providing a", 
        "promotional European platform for the", 
        "development of emerging talent and", 
        "stimulating the circulation of artists and", 
        "works, with a systemic and large scale", 
        "effect;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 508, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
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        "(c) activities by independent, non-profit-", 
        "making organisations providing a", 
        "promotional European platform for the", 
        "development of talent and stimulating the", 
        "circulation of artists and works;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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    {
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      "seq": 529, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(aa) promoting cultural diversity and", 
        "supporting research into and the teaching", 
        "of media skills;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 11 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point a a (new)"
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    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 530, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
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      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(ab) promoting cultural diversity, focusing", 
        "in particular on the independent, non-", 
        "profit-making sector and art house films;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 11 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point a b (new)"
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      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(c) encouraging business to business", 
        "exchanges by facilitating access to", 
        "markets and business tools for", 
        "audiovisual operators to increase the", 
        "visibility of their projects on European and", 
        "international markets."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 536, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(c) encouraging business to business and", 
        "organisation to organisation exchanges in", 
        "the form of cooperation between", 
        "audiovisual operators from different", 
        "countries in carrying out activities which", 
        "are specific to one culture or cross-", 
        "cultural in scope to increase the visibility", 
        "of their projects on European and", 
        "international markets."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 11 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point c"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 548, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(aa) support such training and exchange", 
        "activities particularly at the writing and", 
        "development stages so as to facilitate the", 
        "creation of innovative formats making full", 
        "use of new technologies, and to enhance", 
        "creative skills;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 12 \u2013 point a a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(c) support activities aiming at facilitating", 
        "European and international co-productions,", 
        "including television;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 556, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(c) support activities aiming at facilitating", 
        "European and international co-productions,", 
        "including television, ensuring at the", 
        "writing stage that cultural and linguistic", 
        "diversity are respected;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 12 \u2013 point c"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(d) facilitate access to professional", 
        "audiovisual trade events and markets and", 
        "the use of online business tools inside and", 
        "outside Europe;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 558, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 12 \u2013 point d"
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      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 560, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(da) promoting more flexible means of", 
        "distribution, and the lifting of embargoes,", 
        "with a view to more effective marketing,", 
        "in particular of art house films."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
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    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(e) establish systems of support for the", 
        "distribution of non-national European", 
        "films on all platforms and for", 
        "international sales activities;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 561, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
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        "deleted"
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
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    {
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      "old": [
        "(f) facilitate circulation of European films", 
        "worldwide and of international films in", 
        "Europe on all platforms;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 566, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
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    {
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      "old": [
        "(g) support of a European cinema owners'", 
        "network screening a significant", 
        "proportion of non-national European", 
        "films, including the integration of digital", 
        "technologies;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 570, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
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        "deleted"
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
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    {
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      "old": [
        "(h) support initiatives presenting and", 
        "promoting a diversity of European", 
        "audiovisual works;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 574, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
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        "deleted"
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
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    {
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      "old": [
        "(i) support activities aiming at increasing", 
        "knowledge and interest of audiences;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 578, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
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        "deleted"
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      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
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    {
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      "old": [
        "(j) support innovative actions testing new", 
        "business models and tools in areas likely", 
        "to be influenced by the introduction and", 
        "the use of digital technologies."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 583, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 12 \u2013 point j"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 593, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. In this regard and in accordance with", 
        "Article 167(4) of the Treaty on the", 
        "Functioning of the European Union, the", 
        "above-mentioned policies and", 
        "programmes shall take full account of the", 
        "Creative Europe Programme\u2019s objectives", 
        "in order to respect and promote cultural", 
        "diversity and strengthen synergies."
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
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      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 594, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1b. To enable cultural operators to take", 
        "full advantage of the opportunities offered", 
        "by European programmes, it shall be an", 
        "absolute requirement that these", 
        "programmes be identified and promoted.", 
        "It is therefore of utmost importance that:", 
        "\u2013 independent in-depth studies be carried", 
        "out to determine how much money from", 
        "the relevant funds goes into culture, via", 
        "what types of measure, and to evaluate the", 
        "results;", 
        "\u2013 information for cultural operators and", 
        "communication with them be developed."
      ], 
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        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
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        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. This Regulation shall apply and be", 
        "implemented respecting international", 
        "commitments of the Union."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 595, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. This Regulation shall apply and be", 
        "implemented respecting international", 
        "commitments of the Union, notably the", 
        "2005 UNESCO Convention on the", 
        "Protection and Promotion of the Diversity", 
        "of Cultural Expressions."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 13 \u2013 paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "Article 14(1)(a) is being deleted to be replaced by Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 subparagraph\n1 a (new).", 
      "old": [
        "(a) Indicators for the general objectives", 
        "referred in Article 4:"
      ], 
      "seq": 601, 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
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        "deleted"
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      "location": [
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    {
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      "justification": "Article 14(1)(a) is being deleted to be replaced by Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 subparagraph\n1 a (new).", 
      "old": [
        "the sectors' share of employment and", 
        "share of GDP;"
      ], 
      "seq": 605, 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
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    {
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      "justification": "Article 14(1)(a) is being deleted to be replaced by Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 subparagraph\n1 a (new).", 
      "old": [
        "percentage of people reporting that they", 
        "access European cultural works."
      ], 
      "seq": 608, 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
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    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 612, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- number of members of new, previously", 
        "under-represented target groups which", 
        "the Programme reaches;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point a \u2013 indent 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "See amendments to the introductory part and the first and second indents of Article 14(1)(a).", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 616, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "The indicators shall enable the", 
        "effectiveness of each strand of the", 
        "Creative Europe Programme to be", 
        "determined as faithfully as possible. To", 
        "that end, evaluation criteria shall be", 
        "established to determine how well all the", 
        "action lines of the Culture and MEDIA", 
        "strands, as well as the transnational policy", 
        "cooperation activities and the Cultural", 
        "and Creative Sectors Facility, reflect the", 
        "priorities laid down for each strand."
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 subparagraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "Article 14(1)(b) is being deleted to be replaced by Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013\nsubparagraphs 1b (new) and 1c (new).", 
      "old": [
        "(b) Indicators for the specific objectives", 
        "referred in Article 5:", 
        "With regard to the objective on support", 
        "for the capacity of the European cultural", 
        "and creative sectors referred to in point", 
        "(a) of Article 5:", 
        "internationalisation of cultural operators", 
        "and the number of transnational", 
        "partnerships created;", 
        "number of learning experiences created", 
        "for artists/cultural operators which have", 
        "increased their skills and employability.", 
        "With regard the objective on promotion of", 
        "transnational circulation of cultural and", 
        "creative works and operators and the", 
        "reaching of new audiences in Europe and", 
        "beyond referred to in point (b) of Article", 
        "5:", 
        "Culture Strand:", 
        "number of people directly and indirectly", 
        "reached through projects supported by the", 
        "Programme.", 
        "MEDIA Strand:", 
        "number of admissions for European films", 
        "in Europe and worldwide (10 most", 
        "important non-European markets);", 
        "percentage of European audiovisual", 
        "works in cinemas, TV and digital", 
        "platforms.", 
        "With regard to the objective on", 
        "strengthening of the financial capacity of", 
        "cultural and creative sectors referred to in", 
        "point (c) of Article 5:", 
        "volume of loans granted in the framework", 
        "of the financial facility;", 
        "number and geographical spread of", 
        "financial institutions providing access to", 
        "finance for the cultural and creative", 
        "sectors;", 
        "number, national origin and sub-sectors", 
        "of final beneficiaries benefitting from the", 
        "financial facility.", 
        "With regard to the objective on support", 
        "for transnational policy cooperation", 
        "referred to in point (d) of Article 5:", 
        "number of Member States making use of", 
        "the results of the Open Method of", 
        "Coordination in their national policy", 
        "development and the number of new", 
        "initiatives."
      ], 
      "seq": 617, 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point b"
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    {
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      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 618, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- number of members of new, previously", 
        "under-represented target groups which", 
        "the Programme reaches;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point b \u2013 subparagraph 2 \u2013 part 1 \u2013 indent 1 a (new)"
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      ]
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    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 619, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- diversity of the cultural sectors, artistic", 
        "disciplines, works, authors and target", 
        "groups which the framework programme", 
        "reaches, in terms of their ages, social", 
        "background, financial situation, degree of", 
        "professionalism, size, profile, origin,", 
        "language, gender, etc."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point b \u2013 subparagraph 2 \u2013 part 1 \u2013 indent 1 b (new)"
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    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 620, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- diversity of the projects which the", 
        "framework programme supports, in terms", 
        "of their differing characteristics,", 
        "categories and types (independent and", 
        "non-profit-making);"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point b \u2013 subparagraph 2 \u2013 part 1 \u2013 indent 1 c (new)"
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    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 626, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- the equity capital situation of the final", 
        "recipients of funding"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point b \u2013 subparagraph 3 \u2013 indent -1 (new)"
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      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "See amendment to Article 14(1)(b).", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 630, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "The indicators shall be determined by the", 
        "Commission, the European Parliament", 
        "and the body responsible for external", 
        "evaluation, in concert with people", 
        "working in the sector, the Creative Europe", 
        "Desks and the body or bodies responsible", 
        "for gathering and analysing data on the", 
        "cultural and creative and audiovisual", 
        "sectors (the European Audiovisual", 
        "Observatory and another body if", 
        "appropriate)."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 subparagraph 1b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "See amendment to Article 14(1)(b).", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 631, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "The indicators shall be particularly", 
        "precise in the case of new action lines or", 
        "new instruments such as the Cultural and", 
        "Creative Sectors Facility. The results of", 
        "this programme shall be available by", 
        "geographical area, sector and type of", 
        "cultural operator."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 subparagraph 1c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 638, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3a. The Commission shall take the lead in", 
        "obtaining all relevant data from the", 
        "Member States and the relevant", 
        "institutions, in order to ensure that no", 
        "excessive burden is imposed on small,", 
        "independent, non-profit-making projects."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 3 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 639, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3a. The results of the external evaluation", 
        "shall be communicated in their entirety", 
        "and in a timely manner to those who work", 
        "in the sector so that they can be fully", 
        "involved in the process of amending and", 
        "improving the Creative Europe", 
        "Programme. Identification and exchange", 
        "of good practice in relation to projects", 
        "that reflect particularly well the objectives", 
        "of the Creative Europe Programme shall", 
        "be encouraged, with specific attention to", 
        "those countries that have benefited little", 
        "from the MEDIA 2007 and Culture", 
        "programmes and whose cultural and", 
        "creative sectors are under-developed."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 3 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1. Beneficiaries of the projects supported", 
        "by the Programme shall ensure", 
        "communication and dissemination of", 
        "information concerning the Union\u2019s", 
        "funding they have received and the results", 
        "obtained."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 640, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Beneficiaries of the projects supported", 
        "by the Programme shall ensure", 
        "communication and dissemination of", 
        "information concerning the Union\u2019s", 
        "funding they have received and the results", 
        "obtained, focusing in particular on", 
        "independent, non-profit-making", 
        "organisations and undertakings."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 15 \u2013 paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "2. The Strands shall be open to the", 
        "participation of the following countries", 
        "provided that the conditions are met,", 
        "including those contained within Directive", 
        "2010/13/EU of the European Parliament", 
        "and of the Council of 10 March 2010 on", 
        "the coordination of certain provisions laid", 
        "down by law, regulation or administrative", 
        "action in Member States concerning the", 
        "provision of audiovisual media services for", 
        "the MEDIA strand, and additional", 
        "appropriations are paid:"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 644, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. The Strands shall be open to the", 
        "participation of the following countries", 
        "provided that the conditions set out below", 
        "are met, including:", 
        "\u2013 commitment to the values of diversity of", 
        "cultural expression, evinced by signature", 
        "and ratification of the 2005 UNESCO", 
        "Convention;", 
        "\u2013 in respect of the MEDIA strand, the", 
        "conditions contained within Directive", 
        "2010/13/EU of the European Parliament", 
        "and of the Council of 10 March 2010 on", 
        "the coordination of certain provisions laid", 
        "down by law, regulation or administrative", 
        "action in Member States concerning the", 
        "provision of audiovisual media services;", 
        "and that:", 
        "\u2013 additional appropriations are paid, the", 
        "amounts of which shall be commensurate", 
        "with the countries\u2019 participation, on the", 
        "basis of the payments made during", 
        "previous programmes."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 16 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 introductory wording"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1. The financial envelope for implementing", 
        "this Programme for the period set out in", 
        "Article 1 (1) is fixed at EUR 1 801 000", 
        "000."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 660, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. The financial envelope for implementing", 
        "this Programme for the period set out in", 
        "Article 1 (1) is fixed at at least EUR 1 801", 
        "000 000.]"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 19 \u2013 paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 661, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Should the financial envelope for", 
        "implementing this Programme fall short", 
        "of this figure, any cuts shall primarily be", 
        "made in the area of cross-sectoral", 
        "measures."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 19 \u2013 paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "2. The financial allocation for the", 
        "Programme may also cover expenses", 
        "pertaining to preparatory, monitoring,", 
        "control, audit and evaluation activities", 
        "which are required directly for the", 
        "management of the programme and the", 
        "achievement of its objectives; in particular,", 
        "studies, meetings of experts, information", 
        "and communication actions, including", 
        "corporate communication of the political", 
        "priorities of the European Union as far as", 
        "they are related to the general objectives of", 
        "this Regulation, expenses linked to IT", 
        "networks focusing on information", 
        "processing and exchange, together with all", 
        "other technical and administrative", 
        "assistance expenses incurred by the", 
        "Commission for the management of the", 
        "Programme."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 664, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. The financial allocation for the", 
        "Programme may also cover expenses", 
        "pertaining to preparatory, monitoring,", 
        "control, audit and evaluation activities", 
        "which are required directly for the", 
        "management of the programme and the", 
        "achievement of its objectives; in particular,", 
        "studies, meetings of experts, information", 
        "and communication actions, including", 
        "corporate communication of the political", 
        "priorities of the European Union as far as", 
        "they are related to the general objectives of", 
        "this Regulation, expenses linked to IT", 
        "networks focusing on information", 
        "processing and exchange, together with all", 
        "other technical and administrative", 
        "assistance expenses incurred by the", 
        "Commission for the management of the", 
        "Programme. This allocation must be", 
        "clearly defined and visible."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 19 \u2013 paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 667, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(aa) Ensure that these financial", 
        "intermediaries are carefully selected and,", 
        "if at all possible, have experience in the", 
        "cultural and creative sector;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Annex I \u2013 point 1 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point a a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "2. Selection of intermediaries"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 669, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Selection of intermediaries", 
        "Financial intermediaries with substantial", 
        "experience in the financing of SMEs in", 
        "the creative industries and in small", 
        "countries shall be prioritised in the", 
        "selection process so that:", 
        "\u2013 all cultural and creative sectors can", 
        "benefit from this financial instrument;", 
        "Financial intermediaries shall be selected", 
        "on the basis of their ability to create", 
        "diversified loan portfolios, and having", 
        "regard to the financing needs of SMEs in", 
        "the various cultural and creative sectors", 
        "in accordance with the results of the", 
        "relevant study authorised by the", 
        "Commission.", 
        "\u2013 certain European operators\u2019 experience", 
        "in the cultural and creative sectors can be", 
        "put to good use (by giving them priority", 
        "access either to the selection of financial", 
        "intermediaries or to that of experts). For", 
        "example, the experience of the Institute", 
        "for the Funding of Cinema and Cultural", 
        "Industries (IFCIC) should be tapped."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Annex I \u2013 point 2 \u2013 introductory wording"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "Intermediaries shall be selected in", 
        "conformity with best market practice with", 
        "regard to the effect on:", 
        "\u2013 the volume of debt financing made", 
        "available to cultural and creative operator", 
        "and/or", 
        "\u2013 cultural and creative operator access to", 
        "finance, and/or", 
        "\u2013 risk-taking in cultural and creative", 
        "operator financing by the intermediary", 
        "concerned."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 670, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Annex I \u2013 point 2 \u2013 paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 671, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- the volume of debt financing made", 
        "available to cultural and creative", 
        "operators in the independent, non-profit-", 
        "making sector."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Annex I \u2013 point 2 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 indent 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-498.014%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "Capacity building under the Cultural and", 
        "Creative Sectors Facility is essentially the", 
        "provision of expert services to the financial", 
        "intermediaries signing a facility agreement", 
        "under the Cultural and Creative Sectors", 
        "Facility, with the objective of providing", 
        "each financial intermediary with additional", 
        "expertise and capacity to evaluate risks", 
        "associated to financing the cultural and", 
        "creative sectors. Additionally, operators in", 
        "the cultural and creative sectors could", 
        "benefit from this capacity building by", 
        "developing the appropriate skills to", 
        "elaborate business plans and to prepare", 
        "accurate information of their projects that", 
        "would help the financial intermediary", 
        "evaluate the cultural and creative projects", 
        "in an efficient way."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0370(COD)", 
      "seq": 673, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Capacity building under the Cultural and", 
        "Creative Sectors Facility is essentially the", 
        "provision of expert services to the financial", 
        "intermediaries signing a facility agreement", 
        "under the Cultural and Creative Sectors", 
        "Facility, with the objective of providing", 
        "each financial intermediary with additional", 
        "expertise and capacity to evaluate risks", 
        "associated to financing the cultural and", 
        "creative sectors. Additionally, operators in", 
        "the cultural and creative sectors could", 
        "benefit from this capacity building by", 
        "developing the appropriate skills to", 
        "elaborate business plans and to prepare", 
        "accurate information of their projects that", 
        "would help the financial intermediary", 
        "evaluate the cultural and creative projects", 
        "in an efficient way. European financial", 
        "intermediaries with specific experience in", 
        "the financing of the cultural and creative", 
        "sectors shall be prioritised in the selection."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Annex I \u2013 point 4 \u2013 paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(5) The European Strategy for smart,", 
        "sustainable and inclusive growth (Europe", 
        "2020) is defining the Union's growth", 
        "strategy for the coming decade to support", 
        "smart, sustainable and inclusive growth", 
        "setting five ambitious objectives to be", 
        "reached by 2020, particularly in the field of", 
        "education to reduce early school leaving", 
        "rates below 10% and to enable at least 40%", 
        "of 30-34 years old to have completed", 
        "higher education. This also includes its", 
        "flagships initiatives, in particular \"Youth", 
        "on the Move\" and the Agenda for New", 
        "Skills and Jobs."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 247, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(5) The European Strategy for smart,", 
        "sustainable and inclusive growth (Europe", 
        "2020) is defining the Union's growth", 
        "strategy for the coming decade to support", 
        "smart, sustainable and inclusive growth", 
        "setting five objectives to be reached by", 
        "2020, particularly in the field of education", 
        "to reduce early school leaving rates below", 
        "10% and to enable at least 40% of 30-34", 
        "years old to have completed higher", 
        "education. This also includes its flagship", 
        "initiatives, in particular \u2018Youth on the", 
        "Move\u2019, the Agenda for New Skills and", 
        "Jobs and \u2018Innovation Union\u2019.", 
        "__________________", 
        "1", 
        "COM(2010)0546 final of", 
        "6 October 2010."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(10) To support mobility, equity and study", 
        "excellence, the Union should establish a", 
        "European loan guarantee facility to", 
        "enable students, regardless of their social", 
        "background, to take their Masters degree in", 
        "another participating country. This facility", 
        "should be available to financial", 
        "institutions which agree to offer loans for", 
        "Masters' studies in other participating", 
        "countries on favourable terms for the", 
        "students."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 256, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(10) To support mobility, equity and study", 
        "excellence, the Union should expand the", 
        "system of mobility grants to cover", 
        "students, regardless of their socio-", 
        "economic background, wishing to take", 
        "their Masters degree in another", 
        "participating country."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 10"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(11) Member States should endeavour to", 
        "adopt all appropriate measures to remove", 
        "legal and administrative obstacles to the", 
        "proper functioning of the Programme. This", 
        "also implies that visas for participants", 
        "should be handed out without delays, in", 
        "order to ensure that no participant misses", 
        "out on either a part of or the entire study,", 
        "training programme or exchange, and to", 
        "avoid cancellations of mobility actions and", 
        "projects. In line with Article 19 of the", 
        "Council Directive 2004/114/EC of 13", 
        "December 2004 on the conditions of", 
        "admission of third country nationals for the", 
        "purposes of studies, pupils exchange,", 
        "unremunerated training or voluntary", 
        "service, Member States are encouraged to", 
        "establish fast-track admission procedures."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 267, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(11) Member States should endeavour to", 
        "adopt all necessary measures to remove", 
        "legal and administrative obstacles to the", 
        "proper functioning of the Programme. This", 
        "also implies that visas for participants", 
        "should be handed out without delays or", 
        "even waived, in order to ensure that no", 
        "participant misses out on either a part of or", 
        "the entire study, training programme or", 
        "exchange, and to avoid cancellations of", 
        "mobility actions and projects. In line with", 
        "Article 19 of the Council Directive", 
        "2004/114/EC of 13 December 2004 on the", 
        "conditions of admission of third country", 
        "nationals for the purposes of studies, pupils", 
        "exchange, unremunerated training or", 
        "voluntary service, Member States are", 
        "encouraged to establish fast-track", 
        "admission procedures."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "In accordance with the provisions of Article 349 of the TFEU, changes to administrative and\nfinancial rules must be made to offer young people from the OCTs greater possibilities for\nmobility towards continental Europe.", 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 271, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Younous Omarjee, Malika Benarab-Attou, Jean-Jacob Bicep, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(11a) To promote mobility and encourage", 
        "fairness in study courses and exchanges,", 
        "the EU should take all necessary", 
        "measures to take account of the specific", 
        "nature of the outermost regions of the", 
        "Union, particularly their distance from", 
        "continental Europe and their insularity."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 11 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "Mobility for young people from the OCTs within their geographic context is in line with the\nCommission\u2019s guidelines on opening up regions.", 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 272, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Younous Omarjee, Malika Benarab-Attou, Jean-Jacob Bicep, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(11b) To strengthen the intensity and", 
        "volume of European cooperation between", 
        "the outermost regions of the Union and", 
        "ACP countries as well as the overseas", 
        "countries and territories in the Caribbean,", 
        "the Pacific and Eastern and Southern", 
        "Africa and the Indian Ocean, the", 
        "administrative and financial", 
        "arrangements for the implementation of", 
        "measures provided for in this Regulation", 
        "shall enable rules to be adapted to suit", 
        "regional geographical conditions in the", 
        "regional geographic context and enable", 
        "resources to be increased as needed."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 11 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "The Bruges Communiqu\u00e9 states that fostering cross-border mobility for students in vocational\nand technical education is a key challenge for the future. With regard to the mobility of\napprentices, it is important to have intermediary organisations to facilitate the participation\nof SMEs both as organisations sending and receiving apprentices.", 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 276, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(14a) Students in vocational and technical", 
        "education, including those in work", 
        "placements, and apprentices need to be", 
        "afforded greater opportunities for", 
        "mobility. The necessary measures should", 
        "be taken to make mobility both attractive", 
        "and accessible, particularly for trained", 
        "staff from SMEs and the arts and crafts", 
        "sector."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 14 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(19) The programme should contribute to", 
        "develop excellence in European integration", 
        "studies world-wide, it should in particular", 
        "support institutions that have a European", 
        "governance structure, cover the whole", 
        "spectrum of policy fields that are of interest", 
        "for the Union, are non profit organisations", 
        "and provide recognised academic degrees."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 286, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(19) The programme should contribute to", 
        "develop excellence in European integration", 
        "studies world-wide, it should in particular", 
        "support, including via operational funds,", 
        "institutions that have a European", 
        "governance structure, cover the whole", 
        "spectrum of policy fields that are of interest", 
        "for the Union, are non profit organisations", 
        "and provide recognised academic degrees."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 19"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 310, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(35a) The Programme covers three", 
        "different fields, and the committee", 
        "established under Article 30 of this", 
        "Regulation will deal with both horizontal", 
        "and sectoral issues. It is for the Member", 
        "States to ensure that they send the", 
        "relevant representatives in accordance", 
        "with the topics on the agenda, and it is for", 
        "the committee chair to ensure that", 
        "meeting agendas clearly indicate the", 
        "sector or sectors involved and the topics,", 
        "according to each sector, to be discussed", 
        "at each meeting. Where appropriate, the", 
        "social partners (including associations of", 
        "parents, students, teachers and non-", 
        "teaching staff) and civil society", 
        "representatives shall be invited to", 
        "participate in its meetings as consultant", 
        "members."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 35 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 348, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "28b. \u2018grassroots sport\u2019 means all sporting", 
        "activities, including voluntary activities,", 
        "developed, promoted and/or organised for", 
        "the largest possible number of", 
        "beneficiaries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point 28 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 349, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "28b. \u2018European association working to", 
        "foster European integration, education", 
        "and vocational training\u2019 means a non-", 
        "governmental association relying on a", 
        "volunteer workforce active in the field of", 
        "education or vocational training at", 
        "European level."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point 28 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(a) Their transnational character, in", 
        "particular transnational mobility and", 
        "cooperation aiming at long-term systemic", 
        "impact;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 357, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(a) Their transnational character, in", 
        "particular transnational mobility and", 
        "cooperation aiming at a sustainable", 
        "individual, structural and systemic impact;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 3 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 point a"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 385, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(ba) To make initial vocational education", 
        "and training more attractive."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 4 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 point b a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(b) To foster quality improvements,", 
        "innovation excellence and", 
        "internationalisation at the level of", 
        "educational institutions, as well as in youth", 
        "work, notably through enhanced", 
        "transnational cooperation between", 
        "education and training providers/youth", 
        "organisations and other stakeholders;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 396, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(b) To foster quality improvements,", 
        "innovation excellence and", 
        "internationalisation at the level of", 
        "educational or training institutions, as well", 
        "as in youth work, notably through", 
        "enhanced transnational cooperation", 
        "between education and training", 
        "providers/youth organisations vocational", 
        "training providers and other stakeholders,", 
        "including organisations representing", 
        "workers, teachers, parents and students;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 5 \u2013 point b \u2013 introductory part"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(c) To promote the emergence of a", 
        "European lifelong learning area, trigger", 
        "policy reforms at national level, support", 
        "the modernisation of education and", 
        "training systems, including non-formal", 
        "learning, and support European", 
        "cooperation in the youth field, notably", 
        "through enhanced policy cooperation,", 
        "better use of recognition and transparency", 
        "tools and the dissemination of good", 
        "practices;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 398, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(c) To raise awareness of formal, non-", 
        "formal and informal learning, including", 
        "learning from a very early age, with a", 
        "view to providing lifelong learning and", 
        "supporting European cooperation in the", 
        "education and youth field, notably through", 
        "enhanced policy cooperation, better use of", 
        "recognition and transparency tools and the", 
        "dissemination of good practices;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 5 \u2013 point c \u2013 introductory part"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(d) To enhance the international dimension", 
        "of education, training and youth notably in", 
        "higher education by increasing the", 
        "attractiveness of the Union higher", 
        "education institutions and supporting the", 
        "Union external action, including its", 
        "development objectives through the", 
        "promotion of mobility and cooperation", 
        "between EU and third country higher", 
        "education institutions and targeted capacity", 
        "building in third countries."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 412, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(d) To enhance the international dimension", 
        "of education, training and youth notably in", 
        "higher education by increasing the", 
        "attractiveness of the Union higher", 
        "education and research institutions (as a", 
        "complement to the Marie Curie-", 
        "Sk\u0142odowska programme) and supporting", 
        "the Union external action, including its", 
        "development objectives through the", 
        "promotion of mobility and cooperation", 
        "between EU and third country higher", 
        "education institutions and targeted capacity", 
        "building in third countries."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 5 \u2013 point d \u2013 introductory part"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(a) transnational mobility of higher", 
        "education and vocational training students", 
        "as well as of young people involved in", 
        "non-formal activities between the", 
        "participating countries as referred in", 
        "Article 18. This mobility may take the", 
        "form of studying at a partner institution,", 
        "traineeships abroad or participating in", 
        "youth activities, notably volunteering.", 
        "Degree mobility at Masters level shall be", 
        "supported through the student loan", 
        "guarantee facility as referred to in Article", 
        "14 (3)."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 498, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(a) mobility of higher education students,", 
        "including those at Master\u2019s or PhD level,", 
        "in the form of studying at a partner", 
        "institution, or as working as an assistant", 
        "or trainee abroad Grants should also be", 
        "offered to students wishing to take a", 
        "Master\u2019s degree in another country", 
        "participating in the programme;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 7 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point a"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "Fostering exchanges and enhanced cooperation with third countries under VET is one of the\nBordeaux Communiqu\u00e9\u2019s objectives. The Bruges Communiqu\u00e9 later stressed the importance\nof strengthening VET\u2019s international dimension since such schemes, as actors in the global\nmarket for education and training, must build relationships with partners aboard and make\nthemselves more attractive to students from third countries.", 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 514, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2a. This action will also support the", 
        "mobility of vocational and technical", 
        "education students and staff to and from", 
        "third countries."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 7 \u2013 paragraph 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(a) transnational strategic partnerships", 
        "between organisations involved in", 
        "education, training and/or youth activities", 
        "or other relevant sectors developing and", 
        "implementing joint initiatives and", 
        "promoting exchanges of experience and", 
        "know-how;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 521, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(a) strategic partnerships between", 
        "organisations involved in education and", 
        "training or other stakeholders, particularly", 
        "partnerships between local and regional", 
        "authorities and the social partners and", 
        "civil society actors providing vocational", 
        "education and training developing and", 
        "implementing joint initiatives and", 
        "promoting exchanges of experience and", 
        "know-how;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 8 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point a"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.579%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "2. This action shall also support", 
        "development, capacity building, regional", 
        "integration, knowledge exchanges and", 
        "modernisation processes through", 
        "partnerships between Union and third", 
        "countries' higher education institutions as", 
        "well as in the youth sector, notably for peer", 
        "learning and joint educational projects,", 
        "promoting regional cooperation, in", 
        "particular with neighbourhood countries."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 548, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. This action shall also support", 
        "development, capacity building, regional", 
        "integration, knowledge exchanges and", 
        "modernisation processes through", 
        "partnerships between Union and third", 
        "countries' higher education institutions as", 
        "well as in the youth sector, notably for peer", 
        "learning and joint educational projects,", 
        "promoting regional cooperation, in", 
        "particular with neighbourhood countries,", 
        "and shall help improve in qualitative and", 
        "quantitative terms the vocational training", 
        "placement opportunities available to", 
        "young people."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 8 \u2013 paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-497.797%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 557, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(ba) administrative and financial support,", 
        "including via operational funds, for", 
        "European networks and associations", 
        "working in the fields of education and", 
        "vocational training;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 9 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point b a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-497.797%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(c) the policy dialogue with relevant", 
        "European stakeholders in the area of", 
        "education, training and youth;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 559, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(c) the policy dialogue with relevant", 
        "European stakeholders, and the promotion", 
        "of structured dialogue, in the area of", 
        "education and training, involving in", 
        "particular the relevant public authorities", 
        "as well as voluntary sector associations", 
        "and organisations;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 9 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point c"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-497.797%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(b) support to non-commercial European", 
        "sport events involving several European", 
        "countries;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 690, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(b) support for European sport events run", 
        "by non-profit organisations, which are", 
        "recognised by public authorities or the", 
        "representatives thereof and which aim to", 
        "promote the widest possible access to sport", 
        "both in a leisure context and otherwise;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 12 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point b"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-497.797%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "3. The Commission shall provide the", 
        "funding for guarantees for loans to", 
        "students resident in a participating", 
        "country as defined in Article 18(1)", 
        "undertaking a full Masters degree in", 
        "another participating country, to be", 
        "delivered through a trustee with a", 
        "mandate to implement it on the basis of", 
        "fiduciary agreements setting out the", 
        "detailed rules and requirements governing", 
        "the implementation of the financial", 
        "instrument as well as the respective", 
        "obligations of the parties. The financial", 
        "instrument shall comply with the", 
        "provisions regarding financial", 
        "instruments in the Financial Regulation", 
        "and in the Delegated Act replacing the", 
        "Implementing Rules. In accordance with", 
        "Article 18(2) of the Regulation (EC,", 
        "Euratom) No 1605/2002, revenues and", 
        "repayments generated by the guarantees", 
        "should be assigned to the financial", 
        "instrument. This financial instrument,", 
        "including market needs and take-up, will", 
        "be subject to the monitoring and", 
        "evaluation as referred to in Article 15(2)."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 775, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-497.797%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "To promote mobility and encourage fairness in study courses and exchanges, Article 14 must\ntake into account the specificities of the outermost regions.", 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 788, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Younous Omarjee, Malika Benarab-Attou, Jean-Jacob Bicep, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6a. The actions of the Programme shall", 
        "be implemented in ways that provide for", 
        "adaptation of the financial rules to", 
        "address the constraints created by the", 
        "remoteness of the outermost regions and", 
        "overseas countries and territories, and to", 
        "fund area-specific mobility projects", 
        "linking the Union\u2019s outermost regions", 
        "with neighbouring third countries."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14 \u2013 paragraph 6 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-497.797%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(a) all Programme actions within the key", 
        "action \"Learning Mobility of Individuals\",", 
        "with the exception of the mobility", 
        "organized on the basis of joint or", 
        "double/multiple degrees and the Union", 
        "loan guarantee scheme;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0371(COD)", 
      "seq": 825, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(a) all Programme actions within the key", 
        "action \u2018Learning Mobility of Individuals\u2019,", 
        "with the exception of the mobility", 
        "organised on the basis of joint or", 
        "double/multiple degrees;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 22 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 point a"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-494.514%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0177(APP)", 
      "seq": 2, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 having regard to its resolution of", 
        "10 April 2008 on a European agenda for", 
        "culture in a globalising world", 
        "(2007/2211(INI)1,", 
        "___________________", 
        "1", 
        "OJ C 247 of 15.10.2009, p.32"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Citation 5 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-494.514%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "B. whereas learning mobility in the field", 
        "of education, training and youth is essential", 
        "for creating and safeguarding jobs and", 
        "reducing poverty and has direct impact on", 
        "both Europe\u2019s short-term economic", 
        "recovery and its longer-term growth and", 
        "productivity;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0177(APP)", 
      "seq": 5, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "B. whereas mobility in the field of", 
        "education, training and youth is essential", 
        "for the purpose of developing the potential", 
        "of individuals and society and promoting", 
        "intercultural dialogue and mutual", 
        "understanding as well as creating and", 
        "safeguarding jobs, fostering social", 
        "inclusion and reducing poverty; and", 
        "whereas the cultural policies of the Union", 
        "and its Member States must continue to", 
        "prioritise the mobility of artists and", 
        "professionals in the cultural field, which", 
        "is vitally important for the promotion of", 
        "cultural diversity;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Recital B"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-494.514%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "C. whereas the European cultural and", 
        "creative industries contribute greatly to", 
        "smart, sustainable and inclusive growth", 
        "and have a positive spill-over effect on", 
        "other sectors of the economy, such as", 
        "tourism and digital technologies;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0177(APP)", 
      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "C. whereas the European cultural and", 
        "creative industries contribute greatly to the", 
        "dissemination of cultural and linguistic", 
        "diversity, to the creation and safeguarding", 
        "of jobs and, more generally, to Europe\u2019s", 
        "economic and social well-being, which", 
        "have a positive spill-over effect on other", 
        "sectors of the economy, such as tourism", 
        "and digital technologies"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Recital C"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-494.514%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "D. whereas the audiovisual sector has an", 
        "essential role in creating highly skilled", 
        "future-oriented jobs;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0177(APP)", 
      "seq": 11, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "D. whereas the audiovisual sector has an", 
        "essential economic, social and political", 
        "role, for example in creating highly skilled", 
        "future-oriented jobs as well as protecting", 
        "and continuing to promote media", 
        "pluralism and freedom."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Recital D"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-494.514%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "F. whereas according to the UNESCO", 
        "Convention on the Protection and", 
        "Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural", 
        "Expressions adopted on 20 October 2005,", 
        "cultural activities, goods and services have", 
        "both an economic and a cultural nature,", 
        "because they convey identities, values and", 
        "meanings, and must therefore not be", 
        "treated as solely having commercial value;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0177(APP)", 
      "seq": 14, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "F. whereas according to the UNESCO", 
        "Convention on the Protection and", 
        "Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural", 
        "Expressions adopted on 20 October 2005,", 
        "cultural activities, goods and services have", 
        "both an economic and a cultural nature,", 
        "because they convey identities, values and", 
        "meanings, and must therefore not be", 
        "treated as solely having commercial value;", 
        "and whereas the Union, by acceding to", 
        "that Convention, and the Member States,", 
        "by ratifying it, have committed themselves", 
        "to defending the so-called \u2018cultural", 
        "exception\u2019 applied to the cultural and", 
        "audiovisual sectors in the context of trade", 
        "negotiations;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Recital F"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-494.514%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(iv) Recalls that both the MEDIA and", 
        "MEDIA Mundus programmes contribute to", 
        "enhancing the competitiveness of the", 
        "European audiovisual sector; stresses that", 
        "these programmes create significant", 
        "European added value by supporting the", 
        "distribution of European audiovisual", 
        "works, increasing their circulation and", 
        "viewership inside and outside the EU;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0177(APP)", 
      "seq": 25, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(iv) Recalls that both the MEDIA and", 
        "MEDIA Mundus programmes contribute to", 
        "supporting and strengthening the", 
        "European film and audiovisual", 
        "production sectors and cooperation in that", 
        "field between the EU and third countries,", 
        "as well as to enhancing the", 
        "competitiveness of the European", 
        "audiovisual sector; stresses that these", 
        "programmes create significant European", 
        "added value by supporting the distribution", 
        "of European audiovisual works, increasing", 
        "their circulation and viewership inside and", 
        "outside the EU;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Recommendation iv"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-494.514%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(vii) Reminds that the current Europe for", 
        "Citizens programme contributes greatly to", 
        "the development of active citizenship and", 
        "voluntary work as well as to the European", 
        "values such as solidarity and non-", 
        "discrimination;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0177(APP)", 
      "seq": 28, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(vii) Reminds that the current Europe for", 
        "Citizens programme contributes greatly to", 
        "the development of active citizenship and", 
        "voluntary work as well as to raising public", 
        "awareness of European values such as", 
        "solidarity and non-discrimination;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Recommendation vii"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-494.514%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(viii) Notes that the Commission proposal", 
        "merges the existing Lifelong Learning and", 
        "the Youth in Action programmes and also", 
        "includes a separate chapter for sport, in line", 
        "with the Union\u2019s new responsibilities in", 
        "this area; considers the proposed financial", 
        "envelope of EUR 17 299 000 000 as the", 
        "absolute minimum, given the ambitions", 
        "and scope of the new programme; also", 
        "stresses that the very limited amount", 
        "foreseen for sport cannot be cut without", 
        "jeopardizing the efficiency of the policies", 
        "in the field of sport,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0177(APP)", 
      "seq": 30, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(viii) Notes that the Commission proposal", 
        "merges the existing Lifelong Learning and", 
        "the Youth in Action programmes and also", 
        "includes a separate chapter for sport, in line", 
        "with the Union\u2019s new responsibilities in", 
        "this area; considers the proposed financial", 
        "envelope of EUR 17 299 000 000 as the", 
        "absolute minimum, given the ambitions", 
        "and scope of the new programme; stresses", 
        "that the new European loan guarantee", 
        "facility for students wishing to study for a", 
        "master\u2019s degree in a country other than", 
        "their country of origin must be excluded", 
        "from the new programme\u2019s total budget;", 
        "also stresses that the very limited amount", 
        "foreseen for sport cannot be cut without", 
        "jeopardizing the efficiency of the policies", 
        "in the field of sport,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Recommendation viii"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(xi) Notes the Commission's intention to", 
        "merge the existing programmes MEDIA,", 
        "MEDIA Mundus and Culture 2007; points", 
        "out that for the sake of transparency and", 
        "visibility, it is crucial to create separate", 
        "budget allocations and separate budget", 
        "lines for MEDIA, Culture and the Cross-", 
        "sectoral strands;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0177(APP)", 
      "seq": 44, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(xi) Notes the Commission's intention to", 
        "merge the existing programmes MEDIA,", 
        "MEDIA Mundus and Culture 2007; points", 
        "out that for the sake of transparency and", 
        "visibility, it is crucial to create separate", 
        "budget allocations and separate budget", 
        "lines for MEDIA, Culture and the Cross-", 
        "sectoral strands; stresses, however, that the", 
        "very limited resources provided for the", 
        "Culture and Media programmes cannot", 
        "be further reduced without jeopardising", 
        "their effectiveness;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Recommendation xi"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-494.514%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(xvii) Recalls that the investment from the", 
        "European Social Fund and European", 
        "Regional Development Fund represented", 
        "more than EUR 72 billion for education", 
        "and training and EUR 60 billion for", 
        "research and innovation during 2007-2013;", 
        "therefore stresses the importance of", 
        "maximising synergies and multiplier", 
        "effects between different parts of the", 
        "budget, in particular between structural", 
        "policies, on the one hand, and education,", 
        "training, youth and culture policies, on the", 
        "other;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0177(APP)", 
      "seq": 56, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(xvii) Recalls that the investment from the", 
        "European Social Fund and European", 
        "Regional Development Fund represented", 
        "more than EUR 72 billion for education", 
        "and training and EUR 60 billion for", 
        "research and innovation during 2007-2013;", 
        "considers that opportunities exist for", 
        "cultural measures to be funded under a", 
        "number of Union programmes, such as", 
        "the Structural Funds or external action", 
        "instruments; therefore stresses the", 
        "importance of maximising synergies and", 
        "multiplier effects between different parts of", 
        "the budget, in particular between structural", 
        "policies, on the one hand, and education,", 
        "training, youth and culture policies, on the", 
        "other;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Recommendation xvii"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-494.525%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2092(BUD)", 
      "seq": 5, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-07-18T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2a. Recalls the important role played by", 
        "the Culture, MEDIA and MEDIA", 
        "Mundus programmes, not only in", 
        "supporting the production and", 
        "dissemination of films and audiovisual", 
        "material and supporting artists and", 
        "professionals in the cultural sector, but", 
        "also in ensuring cooperation in this field", 
        "between the EU and third countries, and", 
        "thereby encouraging greater respect for,", 
        "and promoting, cultural and linguistic", 
        "diversity, intercultural dialogue and", 
        "mutual understanding; considers that the", 
        "appropriations for these programmes", 
        "need to be substantially increased, with", 
        "particular emphasis on small projects;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Section 1 \u2013 paragraph 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-494.525%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2092(BUD)", 
      "seq": 20, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-07-18T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5a. Welcomes the designation of 2013 as", 
        "European Year of Citizens, but deeply", 
        "regrets the fact that, at EUR 1 million, the", 
        "budget allocated to it is one of the smallest", 
        "budgets ever assigned to a European", 
        "Year; calls, therefore, for the budget of", 
        "the 2013 European Year of Citizens to be", 
        "increased to at least EUR 5 million;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Section 1 \u2013 paragraph 5 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-491.114%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(2) Open data policies which encourage the", 
        "wide availability and re-use of public", 
        "sector information for private or", 
        "commercial purposes, with minimal or no", 
        "legal, technical or financial constraints, can", 
        "play an important role in kick-starting the", 
        "development of new services based on", 
        "novel ways to combine and make use of", 
        "such information. However, this requires a", 
        "level playing field at Union level in terms", 
        "of whether or not the re-use of documents", 
        "is authorised, which cannot be achieved by", 
        "leaving it up to the different rules and", 
        "practices of the Member States or the", 
        "public bodies concerned."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 33, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(2) Open data policies which encourage the", 
        "availability and re-use of public sector", 
        "information for private or commercial", 
        "purposes, with minimal or no legal,", 
        "technical or financial constraints, and", 
        "which promote the circulation of", 
        "information not only for economic", 
        "operators but also for members of the", 
        "public and the free movement of persons", 
        "within the Union, with due regard for", 
        "fundamental rights in every case, can play", 
        "an important role in kick-starting the", 
        "development of new services based on", 
        "novel ways to combine and make use of", 
        "such information. However, this requires a", 
        "level playing field at Union level in terms", 
        "of whether or not the re-use of documents", 
        "is authorised, which cannot be achieved by", 
        "leaving it up to the different rules and", 
        "practices of the Member States or the", 
        "public bodies concerned."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-491.114%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 36, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(6a) National regulations on access to", 
        "public documents are based on", 
        "transparency and freedom of information.", 
        "However, certain restrictions on the right", 
        "of access exist, particularly in the case of", 
        "administrative documents whose content", 
        "is regarded as sensitive or documents", 
        "concerning persons which could damage", 
        "privacy and personal files."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 6 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-491.114%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 39, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(7a) Documents in relation to which", 
        "intellectual property rights have expired", 
        "and which consequently enter the public", 
        "domain constitute a very important part of", 
        "the collections of libraries, archives and", 
        "museums and should be assigned priority", 
        "in digitisation campaigns; it is therefore", 
        "desirable to ensure that such digitisation", 
        "does not alter their legal status. Access to,", 
        "and re-use of, these data must be", 
        "guaranteed in order to respect the", 
        "fundamental right of access to culture,", 
        "information and education."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 7 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-491.114%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 40, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(9a) Seeking out, digitising and", 
        "presenting cultural assets are important", 
        "challenges with the aim of ensuring", 
        "access to culture, information and", 
        "education for all. It is therefore important", 
        "to opt for judicious use of cultural assets", 
        "which facilitate access to the cultural", 
        "heritage for members of the public, while", 
        "taking account of the fact that cultural", 
        "assets are not economic assets like any", 
        "others and that they should be protected", 
        "against excessive marketisation. The", 
        "cultural institutions with which this", 
        "Directive is concerned should be", 
        "supported by the public authorities by", 
        "establishing public funds for the", 
        "digitisation and dissemination of data. If", 
        "agreements between these institutions and", 
        "the private sector are concluded or", 
        "planned, this cooperation should be", 
        "pursued only in a non-profit-making", 
        "spirit, and exclusivity clauses should be", 
        "banned, particularly in the case of public-", 
        "domain data."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 9 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(10) The scope of application of the", 
        "Directive is extended to libraries (including", 
        "university libraries), museums and", 
        "archives. The Directive does not apply to", 
        "other cultural institutions, such as operas,", 
        "ballets or theatres, including the archives", 
        "that are part of these institutions."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 42, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(10) The scope of application of the", 
        "Directive is extended to libraries (including", 
        "university libraries), museums and", 
        "archives. The Directive does not apply to", 
        "research and education establishments or", 
        "to other cultural institutions, such as", 
        "operas, ballets or theatres, including the", 
        "archives that are part of these institutions."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 10"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-491.114%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 44, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(10a) Certain personal data contained in", 
        "archive documents to which the ban on", 
        "any form of discrimination applies should", 
        "be excluded from the scope of Directive", 
        "2003/98/EC or, if the legislation in force", 
        "requires them to be communicated,", 
        "should be rendered anonymous or the", 
        "data concerning individuals should be", 
        "masked out before any use is made of", 
        "them."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 10 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 45, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(10b) Data held by educational and", 
        "research establishments should remain", 
        "outside the scope of Directive 2003/98/EC."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 10 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(14) Proper implementation of some of the", 
        "features of this Directive, such as means of", 
        "redress, compliance with charging", 
        "principles and reporting obligations require", 
        "supervision by independent authorities", 
        "competent on the re-use of public sector", 
        "information. To ensure consistency", 
        "between approaches at Union level,", 
        "coordination between the independent", 
        "authorities should be encouraged,", 
        "particularly through exchange of", 
        "information on best practices and data re-", 
        "use policies."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 48, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(14) Proper implementation of some of the", 
        "features of this Directive, such as means of", 
        "redress, especially for private individuals", 
        "with regard to data protection, compliance", 
        "with charging principles and reporting", 
        "obligations require supervision by", 
        "independent authorities competent on the", 
        "re-use of public sector information. To", 
        "ensure consistency between approaches at", 
        "Union level, coordination between the", 
        "independent authorities should be", 
        "encouraged, particularly through exchange", 
        "of information on best practices and data", 
        "re-use policies."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 14"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(15) Since the objective of this Directive,", 
        "namely to facilitate the creation of Union-", 
        "wide information products and services", 
        "based on public sector documents, to", 
        "ensure the effective cross-border use of", 
        "public sector documents by private", 
        "companies for added-value information", 
        "products and services, and to limit", 
        "distortions of competition on the Union", 
        "market, cannot be sufficiently achieved by", 
        "Member States and can therefore, in view", 
        "of the intrinsic pan-European scope of the", 
        "proposed action, be better achieved at", 
        "Union level, the Union may adopt", 
        "measures in accordance with the principle", 
        "of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the", 
        "Treaty on the Functioning of the European", 
        "Union. In accordance with the principles of", 
        "proportionality, as set out in that Article,", 
        "this Directive does not go beyond what is", 
        "necessary in order to achieve those", 
        "objectives."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 49, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(15) Since the objective of this Directive,", 
        "namely to facilitate the creation of Union-", 
        "wide information products and services", 
        "based on public sector documents, to", 
        "ensure the effective cross-border use of", 
        "public sector documents on the one hand", 
        "by private companies for added-value", 
        "information products and services and on", 
        "the other hand by citizens to facilitate the", 
        "free circulation of information and", 
        "communication, cannot be sufficiently", 
        "achieved by Member States and can", 
        "therefore, in view of the intrinsic pan-", 
        "European scope of the proposed action, be", 
        "better achieved at Union level, the Union", 
        "may adopt measures in accordance with the", 
        "principle of subsidiarity as set out in", 
        "Article 5 of the Treaty on the Functioning", 
        "of the European Union. In accordance with", 
        "the principles of proportionality, as set out", 
        "in that Article, this Directive does not go", 
        "beyond what is necessary in order to", 
        "achieve those objectives."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 15"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(16) This Directive respects the", 
        "fundamental rights and observes the", 
        "principles recognised in particular by the", 
        "Charter of Fundamental Rights of the", 
        "European Union, including the right to", 
        "property (Article 17). Nothing in this", 
        "Directive should be interpreted or", 
        "implemented in a manner that is", 
        "inconsistent with the European Convention", 
        "on Human Rights."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 50, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(16) This Directive respects the", 
        "fundamental rights and observes the", 
        "principles recognised in particular by the", 
        "Charter of Fundamental Rights of the", 
        "European Union, including respect for", 
        "private life and family life (Article 7), the", 
        "protection of personal data (Article 8), the", 
        "right to property (Article 17) and the right", 
        "of access to documents (Article 42).", 
        "Nothing in this Directive should be", 
        "interpreted or implemented in a manner", 
        "that is inconsistent with the European", 
        "Convention on Human Rights."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(17) It is necessary to ensure that the", 
        "Member States (see recital 19) report to the", 
        "Commission on the extent of the re-use of", 
        "public sector information, the conditions", 
        "under which it is made available, and the", 
        "work of the independent authority. To", 
        "ensure consistency between approaches at", 
        "Union level, coordination between the", 
        "independent authorities should be", 
        "encouraged, particularly through exchange", 
        "of information on best practices and data", 
        "re-use policies."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 51, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(17) It is necessary to ensure that the", 
        "Member States (see recital 19) report to the", 
        "Commission on the extent of the re-use of", 
        "public sector information, the conditions", 
        "under which it is made available, the", 
        "problems and difficulties encountered and", 
        "the work of the independent authority. To", 
        "ensure consistency between approaches at", 
        "Union level, coordination between the", 
        "independent authorities should be", 
        "encouraged, particularly through exchange", 
        "of information on best practices and data", 
        "re-use policies."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 17"
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    {
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      "old": [
        "(f) documents held by cultural", 
        "establishments, other than libraries,", 
        "museums and archives;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 53, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(f) documents held by cultural", 
        "establishments, other than libraries,", 
        "museums and archives, with the exception", 
        "of certain personal data contained in", 
        "archive documents in relation to which all", 
        "discrimination is prohibited pursuant to", 
        "Article 21(1) of the Charter of", 
        "Fundamental Rights of the European", 
        "Union;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Article 1 \u2013 point 1 \u2013 point 3"
        ], 
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          "Article 1 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 point f"
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    {
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      "old": [
        "(2) The existing text of Article 6 becomes", 
        "paragraph 4."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0430(COD)", 
      "seq": 57, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-11-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(2) The existing text of Article 6 becomes", 
        "paragraph 4 and shall read as follows:", 
        "\u201c4. Where charges are made pursuant to", 
        "paragraph 2, their total volume must be", 
        "established using objective, transparent", 
        "and variable criteria, and the total", 
        "revenue derived from supplying and from", 
        "authorising re-use of these documents", 
        "shall not exceed their cost of collection,", 
        "production, reproduction, provision and", 
        "dissemination, while allowing a return on", 
        "investment which accords with the", 
        "performance of the public remits of the", 
        "bodies and institutions referred to in", 
        "Article 1 of this Directive. In the case of", 
        "projects whose purposes are purely", 
        "commercial, revenue from these charges", 
        "must be invested in accordance with", 
        "objective and transparent criteria which", 
        "are not detrimental to the general interest.", 
        "The charges referred to in paragraphs 1", 
        "and 2 should be cost-oriented over the", 
        "appropriate accounting period and", 
        "calculated in line with the accounting", 
        "principles applicable to the public sector", 
        "bodies involved.\u201d"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Article 1 \u2013 point 6 \u2013 point 2"
        ], 
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          "Directive 2003/98/EC", 
          "Article 6 \u2013 paragraph 4"
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    {
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      "seq": 42, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(20a) Support should be provided under", 
        "Horizon 2020 for high-level research into", 
        "cultural diversity and the protection of", 
        "traditional knowledge, including as part", 
        "of cooperation with third countries, with", 
        "full use being made of new digital", 
        "technologies for the conservation and", 
        "dissemination of such knowledge. It is", 
        "particularly important to look into", 
        "possible synergies between modern", 
        "science and local knowledge."
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 20 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/0401(COD)", 
      "seq": 44, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(20b) The Horizon 2020 programme", 
        "should be used to promote, in addition to", 
        "research diversity, linguistic diversity in", 
        "academic and scientific publishing,", 
        "including as part of cooperation with", 
        "third countries, as well as to ensure that", 
        "the principles of independent research", 
        "and peer validation of publications are", 
        "adhered to."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 20 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.038%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0401(COD)", 
      "seq": 45, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(20c) It is essential for due recognition to", 
        "be given to the role which social sciences", 
        "and humanities, including the arts, play", 
        "in socio-economic and cultural", 
        "development and for research in this area", 
        "to be made one of the key focuses of the", 
        "Horizon 2020 programme, in keeping", 
        "with the goal of creating \u2018inclusive,", 
        "innovative and secure societies\u2019."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 20 c (new)"
        ]
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    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.038%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
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        "Horizon 2020 shall be implemented in a", 
        "manner ensuring that the priorities and", 
        "actions supported are relevant to changing", 
        "needs and take account of the evolving", 
        "nature of science, technology, innovation,", 
        "markets and society, where innovation", 
        "includes business, organisational and", 
        "social aspects."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0401(COD)", 
      "seq": 69, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Horizon 2020 shall be implemented in a", 
        "manner ensuring that the priorities and", 
        "actions supported are in keeping with the", 
        "current teaching and research set-up and", 
        "can also be adjusted in line with changing", 
        "needs and take account of the evolving", 
        "nature of science, technology, innovation,", 
        "labour markets and society, where", 
        "innovation includes socio-economic,", 
        "cultural and organisational aspects."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 14"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.038%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0401(COD)", 
      "seq": 76, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(ea) compliance with the ethical research", 
        "principles referred to in Article 16 of this", 
        "Regulation."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 19 \u2013 paragraph 3 \u2013 point e a (new)"
        ]
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    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.038%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(a) strengthening the Union\u2019s excellence", 
        "and attractiveness in research and", 
        "innovation as well as its economic and", 
        "industrial competitiveness;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0401(COD)", 
      "seq": 79, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(a) strengthening the Union\u2019s capacities,", 
        "diversity, excellence and attractiveness in", 
        "research and innovation;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 21 \u2013 point a"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.038%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(c) supporting the Union's external and", 
        "development policy objectives,", 
        "complementing external and development", 
        "programmes."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0401(COD)", 
      "seq": 80, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(c) supporting the Union's external and", 
        "development policy objectives,", 
        "complementing external and development", 
        "programmes, in keeping with the interests", 
        "of all stakeholders."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 21 \u2013 point c"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.038%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "Key activities shall be to provide excellent", 
        "and innovative training to early-stage", 
        "researchers at post-graduate level via", 
        "interdisciplinary projects or doctoral", 
        "programmes involving universities,", 
        "research institutions, businesses, SMEs and", 
        "other socio-economic groups from", 
        "different countries. This will improve", 
        "career prospects for young post-graduate", 
        "researchers in both the public and private", 
        "sectors."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0401(COD)", 
      "seq": 104, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Key activities shall be to provide excellent", 
        "and innovative training to early-stage", 
        "researchers at post-graduate level via", 
        "interdisciplinary projects or doctoral", 
        "programmes involving universities,", 
        "research institutions, civil society", 
        "stakeholders businesses, SMEs,", 
        "stakeholders in the cooperative, mutual", 
        "and non-profit sector and other socio-", 
        "economic groups from different countries.", 
        "This will improve career prospects for", 
        "young post-graduate researchers in both the", 
        "public and private sectors."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Annex 1 \u2013 part I \u2013 point 3 \u2013 point 3.3 \u2013 point a \u2013 paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.040%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(11) Part III \u201cSocietal challenges\u201d should", 
        "increase the effectiveness of research and", 
        "innovation in responding to key societal", 
        "challenges by supporting excellent research", 
        "and innovation activities. Those activities", 
        "should be implemented using a challenge-", 
        "based approach which brings together", 
        "resources and knowledge across different", 
        "fields, technologies and disciplines. Social", 
        "sciences and humanities research is an", 
        "important element for addressing all of the", 
        "challenges. The activities should cover the", 
        "full range of research and innovation with", 
        "an emphasis on innovation-related", 
        "activities such as piloting, demonstration,", 
        "test-beds, and support for public", 
        "procurement, pre-normative research and", 
        "standard setting, and market uptake of", 
        "innovations. The activities should support", 
        "directly the corresponding sectoral policy", 
        "competences at Union level. All challenges", 
        "should contribute to the overarching", 
        "objective of sustainable development."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0402(CNS)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(11) Part III \u201cSocietal challenges\u201d should", 
        "increase the effectiveness of research and", 
        "innovation in responding to key societal", 
        "challenges by supporting excellent research", 
        "and innovation activities. Those activities", 
        "should be implemented using a challenge-", 
        "based approach which brings together", 
        "resources and knowledge across different", 
        "fields, technologies and disciplines. Social", 
        "sciences and humanities research is an", 
        "important element for addressing all of the", 
        "challenges. The activities should cover the", 
        "full range of research and innovation with", 
        "an emphasis on innovation-related", 
        "activities such as piloting, demonstration,", 
        "test-beds, and support for public", 
        "procurement, pre-normative research and", 
        "standard setting, and market uptake of", 
        "innovations. Cultural and linguistic", 
        "diversity research and the protection of", 
        "traditional knowledge should also be", 
        "supported, not least when pursuing", 
        "cooperation with third countries. The", 
        "activities should support directly the", 
        "corresponding sectoral policy competences", 
        "at Union level. All challenges should", 
        "contribute to the overarching objective of", 
        "sustainable development."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Recital 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.040%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(15) The specific programme should", 
        "complement the actions carried out in the", 
        "Member States as well as other Union", 
        "actions which are necessary for the overall", 
        "strategic effort for the implementation of", 
        "the Europe 2020 Strategy, in particular", 
        "with actions in the policy areas of", 
        "cohesion, agriculture and rural", 
        "development, education and vocational", 
        "training, industry, public health, consumer", 
        "protection, employment and social policy,", 
        "energy, transport, environment, climate", 
        "action, security, marine and fisheries,", 
        "development cooperation and enlargement", 
        "and neighbourhood policy."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0402(CNS)", 
      "seq": 19, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(15) The specific programme should", 
        "complement the actions carried out in the", 
        "Member States as well as other Union", 
        "actions which are necessary for the overall", 
        "strategic effort for the realisation of the", 
        "Europe 2020 Strategy, in particular with", 
        "actions in the policy areas of cohesion,", 
        "agriculture and rural development,", 
        "education and vocational training, culture", 
        "and the arts, industry, public health,", 
        "consumer protection, employment and", 
        "social policies, gender issues, energy,", 
        "transport, environment, climate action,", 
        "security, maritime affairs and fisheries,", 
        "development cooperation and enlargement", 
        "and neighbourhood policy."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Recital 15"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.040%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0402(CNS)", 
      "seq": 22, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(fa) promoting and protecting cultural", 
        "and linguistic diversity and safeguarding", 
        "tangible and intangible cultural heritage,", 
        "including traditional knowledge, not only", 
        "within the Union, but also when pursuing", 
        "cooperation with third countries."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Article 3 \u2013 paragraph 3 \u2013 subparagraph 1 \u2013 point f a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.040%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "Social sciences and humanities are also", 
        "mainstreamed as an essential element of", 
        "the activities needed to tackle each of the", 
        "societal challenges to enhance their impact.", 
        "This includes: understanding the", 
        "determinants of health and optimising the", 
        "effectiveness of healthcare systems,", 
        "support to policies empowering rural areas", 
        "and promoting informed consumer choices,", 
        "robust decision making on energy policy", 
        "and in ensuring a consumer friendly", 
        "European electricity grid, supporting", 
        "evidence based transport policy and", 
        "foresight, support to climate change", 
        "mitigation and adaptation strategies,", 
        "resource efficiency initiatives and", 
        "measures towards a green and sustainable", 
        "economy."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0402(CNS)", 
      "seq": 27, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Social sciences and humanities are also", 
        "mainstreamed as an essential element of", 
        "the activities needed to tackle each of the", 
        "societal challenges to enhance their impact.", 
        "This includes: understanding the", 
        "determinants of health and optimising the", 
        "effectiveness of healthcare systems,", 
        "support to policies empowering rural areas", 
        "and promoting informed consumer choices,", 
        "robust decision-making on energy policy", 
        "and in ensuring a consumer-friendly", 
        "European electricity grid, supporting", 
        "evidence-based transport policy and", 
        "foresight, support to climate change", 
        "mitigation and adaptation strategies,", 
        "resource efficiency initiatives, measures", 
        "towards a green and sustainable economy,", 
        "and support for strategies to protect and", 
        "promote cultural diversity and tangible", 
        "and intangible cultural heritage."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Annex 1 \u2013 point 1 \u2013 point 1.2 \u2013 paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.040%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "In this context, the objective is to enhance", 
        "social, economic and political inclusion,", 
        "combat poverty, enhance human rights,", 
        "digital inclusiveness, equality, solidarity", 
        "and inter-cultural dynamics by supporting", 
        "interdisciplinary research, indicators,", 
        "technological advances, organisational", 
        "solutions and new forms of collaboration", 
        "and co-creation. Research and other", 
        "activities shall support the implementation", 
        "of the Europe 2020 strategy as well as", 
        "other relevant Union foreign policies.", 
        "Humanities research may have an", 
        "important role to play in this context.", 
        "Specifying, monitoring and assessing the", 
        "objectives of European strategies and", 
        "policies will require focused research on", 
        "high-quality statistical information", 
        "systems, and the development of adapted", 
        "instruments that allow policy makers to", 
        "assess the impact and effectiveness of", 
        "envisaged measures, in particular in favour", 
        "of social inclusion."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0402(CNS)", 
      "seq": 52, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "In this context, the objective is to enhance", 
        "social, economic and political inclusion,", 
        "combat poverty, and enhance human", 
        "rights, digital inclusiveness, equality,", 
        "solidarity, cultural diversity, and inter-", 
        "cultural dialogue by supporting", 
        "interdisciplinary research, indicators,", 
        "technological advances, organisational", 
        "solutions, drawing, for example, on the", 
        "action of the social economy sector in the", 
        "field of social innovation, and new forms", 
        "of collaboration and co-creation, taking", 
        "into account the important role and the", 
        "specific features of social sciences and the", 
        "humanities, not least where research is", 
        "concerned. Research and other activities", 
        "shall support the implementation of the", 
        "Europe 2020 strategy as well as other", 
        "relevant Union foreign policies.", 
        "Specifying, monitoring and assessing the", 
        "objectives of European strategies and", 
        "policies will require focused research on", 
        "high-quality statistical information", 
        "systems, and the development of adapted", 
        "instruments that allow policy-makers to", 
        "assess the contribution of envisaged", 
        "measures, in particular in favour of social", 
        "inclusion."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Annex 1 \u2013 part III \u2013 point 6 \u2013 point 6.1 \u2013 paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.040%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "Understanding social transformations in", 
        "Europe requires the analysis of changing", 
        "democratic practices and expectations as", 
        "well as of the historical evolution of", 
        "identities, diversity, territories, religions,", 
        "cultures and values. This includes a good", 
        "understanding of the history of European", 
        "integration. Besides, understanding the", 
        "strains and opportunities arising from the", 
        "uptake of ICT, both at individual and", 
        "collective levels, is important in order to", 
        "open new paths of inclusive innovation. It", 
        "is essential to identify ways to adapt and", 
        "improve the European welfare systems,", 
        "public services and the broader social", 
        "security dimension of policies in order to", 
        "achieve cohesion and promote more social", 
        "and economic equality and", 
        "intergenerational solidarity. Research will", 
        "analyse how societies and politics become", 
        "more European in a broad sense through", 
        "evolutions of identities, cultures and", 
        "values, the circulation of ideas and beliefs", 
        "and combinations of principles and", 
        "practices of reciprocity, commonality and", 
        "equality. It will analyse how vulnerable", 
        "populations can participate fully in society", 
        "and democracy, notably through the", 
        "acquisition of various skills and the", 
        "protection of human rights. The analysis of", 
        "how political systems respond or not to", 
        "such social evolutions and themselves", 
        "evolve will thus be central. Research will", 
        "also address the evolution of key systems", 
        "that provide underlying forms of social", 
        "bonds, such as family, work, education and", 
        "employment and help combat poverty. It", 
        "will take into account the importance of", 
        "migration and demography in the future", 
        "development of European policies."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0402(CNS)", 
      "seq": 56, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Understanding social transformations in", 
        "Europe requires the analysis of changing", 
        "democratic practices and expectations as", 
        "well as of the historical evolution of", 
        "identities, diversity, territories, religions,", 
        "cultures and values. This includes a good", 
        "understanding of the history of European", 
        "integration. Besides, understanding the", 
        "strains and opportunities arising from the", 
        "uptake of ICT, both at individual and", 
        "collective levels, is important in order to", 
        "open new paths of inclusive innovation. It", 
        "is essential to identify ways to guarantee a", 
        "decent life for all through access to high-", 
        "quality public services in the fields of", 
        "health, social security, employment,", 
        "energy, transport, housing, etc. Research", 
        "will analyse the relationship between", 
        "societies and cultures within and outside", 
        "Europe deriving from evolutions and the", 
        "circulation of ideas and combinations of", 
        "principles and practices of reciprocity,", 
        "commonality and equality. It will analyse", 
        "how vulnerable populations can participate", 
        "fully in society and democracy, notably", 
        "through the acquisition of various skills", 
        "and the protection of human rights. The", 
        "analysis of how political systems respond", 
        "or not to such social evolutions and", 
        "themselves evolve will thus be central.", 
        "Research will also address the evolution of", 
        "key systems that provide underlying forms", 
        "of social bonds, such as family,", 
        "employment and access to leisure, culture", 
        "and inter-cultural dialogue, and (formal,", 
        "informal, and non-formal) education, and", 
        "help combat poverty. It will take into", 
        "account the importance of migration and", 
        "demography in the future development of", 
        "European policies."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Annex 1 \u2013 part III \u2013 point 6 \u2013 point 6.1 \u2013 point 6.1.2 \u2013 paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.040%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "Europe\u2019s distinct historical, political, social", 
        "and cultural system is increasingly", 
        "confronted with the impact of global", 
        "changes. In order to further develop its", 
        "external action in its neighbourhood and", 
        "beyond and its role as a global actor,", 
        "Europe has to improve its capacities for", 
        "defining, prioritising, explaining, assessing", 
        "and promoting its policy objectives with", 
        "other world regions and societies to further", 
        "cooperation or prevent or solve conflicts.", 
        "In this regard, it also has to improve its", 
        "capacities for anticipating and responding", 
        "to the evolution and impacts of", 
        "globalisation. This requires a greater", 
        "understanding of the history, cultures and", 
        "political-economic systems of other world", 
        "regions, as well as of the role and influence", 
        "of transnational actors. Finally, Europe also", 
        "has to contribute effectively to global", 
        "governance in key domains like trade,", 
        "development, work, economic cooperation,", 
        "human rights, defence and security. This", 
        "implies the potential to build new", 
        "capacities whether in terms of tools,", 
        "systems and instruments of analysis or in", 
        "terms of diplomacy in formal and informal", 
        "international arena with governmental and", 
        "non governmental actors."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0402(CNS)", 
      "seq": 59, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Europe\u2019s distinct historical, political, social", 
        "and cultural system is increasingly", 
        "confronted with the impact of global", 
        "changes. In order to further develop its", 
        "external action in its neighbourhood and", 
        "beyond and its role as a global actor,", 
        "Europe has to improve its capacities for", 
        "defining, prioritising, explaining, assessing", 
        "and promoting its policy objectives with", 
        "other world regions and societies to further", 
        "cooperation or prevent or solve conflicts.", 
        "In this regard, it also has to improve its", 
        "capacities for anticipating and responding", 
        "to the evolution and impacts of", 
        "globalisation. This requires a greater", 
        "understanding of the history, cultures and", 
        "political-economic systems of other world", 
        "regions, as well as of the role and influence", 
        "of transnational actors. Finally, Europe also", 
        "has to contribute effectively to global", 
        "governance in key domains like trade,", 
        "development, work, economic cooperation,", 
        "cultural cooperation and inter-cultural", 
        "dialogue, human rights, defence and", 
        "security. This implies the potential to build", 
        "new capacities whether in terms of tools,", 
        "systems and instruments of analysis or in", 
        "terms of diplomacy in formal and informal", 
        "international arenas with governmental", 
        "and non-governmental actors."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Annex 1 \u2013 part III \u2013 point 6 \u2013 point 6.1 \u2013 point 6.1.3 \u2013 paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.040%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "Linking in a competition emerging", 
        "institutions, centres of excellence and", 
        "innovative regions in less developed", 
        "Member States to international leading", 
        "counterparts elsewhere in Europe. This will", 
        "involve teaming of excellent research", 
        "institutions and less developed regions,", 
        "twinning of staff exchanges, expert advice", 
        "and assistance and the development of joint", 
        "strategies for the establishment of centres", 
        "of excellence that may be supported by the", 
        "Cohesion policy funds in less developed", 
        "regions. Building links with innovative", 
        "clusters and recognising excellence in less", 
        "developed regions, including through peer", 
        "reviews and awarding labels of excellence", 
        "to those institutions that meet international", 
        "standards, will be considered."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0402(CNS)", 
      "seq": 60, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Linking emerging institutions, centres of", 
        "excellence and innovative regions in less", 
        "developed Member States to international", 
        "leading counterparts elsewhere in Europe.", 
        "This will involve teaming of excellent", 
        "research institutions and less developed", 
        "regions, twinning of staff exchanges,", 
        "expert advice and assistance and the", 
        "development of joint strategies for the", 
        "establishment of centres of excellence that", 
        "may be supported by the cohesion policy", 
        "funds in less developed regions. Building", 
        "links with innovative clusters and", 
        "recognising excellence in less developed", 
        "regions, including through peer reviews", 
        "and awarding labels of excellence to those", 
        "institutions that meet international", 
        "standards, will be considered."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Annex 1 \u2013 part III \u2013 point 6 \u2013 point 6.1 \u2013 point 6.1.4 \u2013 indent 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.040%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "Enabling all societal actors to interact in", 
        "the innovation cycle increases the quality,", 
        "relevance, acceptability and sustainability", 
        "of innovation outcomes by integrating", 
        "society\u2019s interests and values. This requires", 
        "developing specific skills, knowledge and", 
        "capacities at individual and organisational", 
        "as well as at national and transnational", 
        "levels. A scientifically literate, responsible", 
        "and creative society will be nurtured", 
        "through the promotion of and research on", 
        "appropriate science education methods.", 
        "Gender equality will be promoted in", 
        "particular by supporting changes in the", 
        "organisation of research institutions and in", 
        "the content and design of research", 
        "activities. In order to improve knowledge", 
        "circulation within the scientific community", 
        "and the wider public, the accessibility and", 
        "use of the results of publicly funded", 
        "research will be further developed. An", 
        "Ethics Framework for research and", 
        "innovation, based on the fundamental", 
        "ethical principles including those reflected", 
        "in the Charter of Fundamental Rights and", 
        "all the relevant Union laws and", 
        "Conventions, will be promoted in", 
        "coordination with relevant international", 
        "organisations."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0402(CNS)", 
      "seq": 63, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-08-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Enabling all societal actors to interact in", 
        "the innovation cycle increases the quality,", 
        "relevance, acceptability and sustainability", 
        "of innovation outcomes by integrating", 
        "society\u2019s interests and values. This requires", 
        "developing specific skills, knowledge and", 
        "capacities at individual and organisational", 
        "as well as at national and transnational", 
        "levels. A scientifically literate, responsible", 
        "and creative society will be nurtured", 
        "through the promotion of and research on", 
        "appropriate science education methods.", 
        "The principle of non-discrimination and", 
        "gender equality will be promoted in", 
        "particular by supporting changes in the", 
        "organisation of research institutions and in", 
        "the content and design of research", 
        "activities. In order to improve knowledge", 
        "circulation within the scientific community", 
        "and the wider public, the accessibility and", 
        "use of the results of publicly funded", 
        "research will be further developed. An", 
        "Ethics Framework for research and", 
        "innovation, based on the fundamental", 
        "ethical principles including those reflected", 
        "in the Charter of Fundamental Rights and", 
        "all the relevant Union laws and", 
        "Conventions, will be promoted in", 
        "coordination with relevant international", 
        "organisations."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Annex 1 \u2013 part III \u2013 point 6 \u2013 point 6.2 \u2013 point 6.2.3 \u2013 paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.055%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1. Supports the Commission\u2019s", 
        "determination to strengthen and facilitate", 
        "the development of ICT infrastructure to", 
        "bridge the digital divide;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2030(INI)", 
      "seq": 2, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-06-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Supports the Commission\u2019s", 
        "determination to strengthen and facilitate", 
        "the development of ICT infrastructure to", 
        "bridge the digital divide; considers that", 
        "measures to promote and support the", 
        "media and new technologies go hand in", 
        "hand with these actions;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.055%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2030(INI)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-06-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3a. Takes note of the Commission\u2019s", 
        "intention to present an action plan at", 
        "European level on online games and, in", 
        "this regard, asks the Commission to take", 
        "account of differences that may exist", 
        "between the Member States in this area", 
        "and to respect their freedom to define the", 
        "relevant level of protection that they want,", 
        "including the imposition of state", 
        "monopolies on online games, in", 
        "accordance with the judgment of the ECJ", 
        "of 8 September 20091 on online games;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.055%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2030(INI)", 
      "seq": 21, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-06-06T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3b. Takes note of the Commission\u2019s", 
        "commitment to adopt a communication on", 
        "spectrum-sharing arrangements pending", 
        "adoption of the proposal for a decision of", 
        "the European Parliament and of the", 
        "Council establishing the first radio", 
        "spectrum policy programme; believes it", 
        "important that the cultural and", 
        "educational issues relating to the use of", 
        "the spectrum are taken into account in", 
        "this regard, particularly to promote and", 
        "ensure respect for cultural diversity and", 
        "the diversity of the media that depend on", 
        "this resource;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-486.082%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0405(COD)", 
      "seq": 6, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(3a) In keeping with the Unesco", 
        "Convention of 20 October 2005 on the", 
        "Protection and Promotion of the Diversity", 
        "of Cultural Expressions and in particular", 
        "Article 12 thereof, the European Union", 
        "and its Member States undertake to", 
        "strengthen bilateral, regional and", 
        "international cooperation and solidarity", 
        "in order to protect and show regard for", 
        "the diversity of cultural expressions and", 
        "thereby promote dialogue and mutual", 
        "understanding among cultures."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 3 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/0405(COD)", 
      "seq": 7, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(3b) In accordance with the Conclusions", 
        "of 20 November 2008 of the Council and", 
        "of the Representatives of the Governments", 
        "of the Member States on the promotion of", 
        "cultural diversity and intercultural", 
        "dialogue in the external relations of the", 
        "Union and its Member States1, the", 
        "Member States and the Commission are", 
        "asked to strengthen the place and role", 
        "culture has in external relations policies", 
        "and programmes and to strive for", 
        "cooperation with third countries and the", 
        "international organisations competent in", 
        "the field of culture, notably Unesco and", 
        "the Council of Europe. Development", 
        "agencies and cultural institutions in the", 
        "Member States can play an important role", 
        "here.", 
        "__________________", 
        "1", 
        "OJ C 320, 16.12.2008, p. 10."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 3 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(8) Support under this Instrument and the", 
        "European Regional Development Fund", 
        "should be provided for the Cross-Border", 
        "Cooperation programmes along the", 
        "external borders of the European Union", 
        "between partner countries and Member", 
        "States to promote integrated and", 
        "sustainable regional development between", 
        "neighbouring border regions and", 
        "harmonious territorial integration across", 
        "the Union and with neighbouring countries."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0405(COD)", 
      "seq": 8, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(8) Support under this Instrument and the", 
        "European Regional Development Fund", 
        "should be provided for the Cross-Border", 
        "Cooperation programmes between partner", 
        "countries and Member States to promote", 
        "integrated and sustainable regional", 
        "development between neighbouring border", 
        "regions and harmonious territorial", 
        "integration across the Union and with", 
        "neighbouring countries."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(9) Furthermore, it is important to foster", 
        "and facilitate cooperation for the common", 
        "benefit of Union and its partners, notably", 
        "through pooling of contributions from", 
        "internal and external instruments of the", 
        "Union budget, in particular for Cross-", 
        "Border Cooperation, infrastructure projects", 
        "of Union interest that will pass through", 
        "Neighbourhood countries and other areas", 
        "of cooperation."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0405(COD)", 
      "seq": 10, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(9) Furthermore, it is important to foster", 
        "and facilitate cooperation for the common", 
        "benefit of Union and its partners, notably", 
        "through pooling of contributions from", 
        "internal and external instruments of the", 
        "Union budget, in particular for Cross-", 
        "Border Cooperation, infrastructure projects", 
        "of Union interest that will pass through", 
        "Neighbourhood countries and other areas", 
        "of cooperation, chief amongst which", 
        "should be culture and education."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 9"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(13) Support to be provided to", 
        "neighbouring developing countries within", 
        "the framework established by the European", 
        "Neighbourhood Policy should be coherent", 
        "with the objectives and principles of the", 
        "Union\u2019s external policies and in particular", 
        "its development policy, including the \u2018Joint", 
        "Statement on a European Development", 
        "Policy: the European Consensus\u2019, adopted", 
        "by the Council and the representatives of", 
        "the governments of the Member States", 
        "meeting within the Council, the European", 
        "Parliament and the Commission, on 22", 
        "December 2005."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0405(COD)", 
      "seq": 12, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(13) Support to be provided to", 
        "neighbouring developing countries within", 
        "the framework established by the European", 
        "Neighbourhood Policy should be coherent", 
        "with the objectives and principles of the", 
        "Union\u2019s external policies and in particular", 
        "its development policy, including the \u2018Joint", 
        "Statement on a European Development", 
        "Policy: the European Consensus\u2019, adopted", 
        "by the Council and the representatives of", 
        "the governments of the Member States", 
        "meeting within the Council, the European", 
        "Parliament and the Commission, on 22", 
        "December 2005, as well as with the", 
        "Conclusions of 20 November 2008 of the", 
        "Council and of the Representatives of the", 
        "Governments of the Member States on the", 
        "promotion of cultural diversity and", 
        "intercultural dialogue in the external", 
        "relations of the Union and its Member", 
        "States."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 13"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "seq": 18, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(21a) Education, culture, cultural", 
        "diversity and its promotion should be fully", 
        "integrated into the objectives of this", 
        "Regulation, as cultural cooperation plays", 
        "a fundamental role in partner countries", 
        "taking ownership of democratic processes", 
        "and adhering to their own priorities."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 21 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
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    {
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      "reference": "2011/0405(COD)", 
      "seq": 19, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(21b) In its relations with its partners the", 
        "Union commits itself to furthering the", 
        "protection and promotion of cultural", 
        "diversity, and encouraging ratification of", 
        "the Unesco Convention of 20 October", 
        "2005 on the Protection and Promotion of", 
        "the Diversity of Cultural Expressions."
      ], 
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 21 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
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    {
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      "old": [
        "(26) While Regulation (EU) No \u2026/\u2026 of", 
        "the European Parliament and of the", 
        "Council of \u2026. (hereinafter \"the Common", 
        "Implementing Regulation\") establishes", 
        "common rules and procedures for the", 
        "implementation of the Union's instruments", 
        "for external action, delegated powers to", 
        "adopt acts in accordance with Article 290", 
        "of the Treaty of the Functioning of the", 
        "European Union should be conferred to the", 
        "Commission for adopting the specific", 
        "implementing measures required for the", 
        "Cross-Border Cooperation mechanisms", 
        "established in Title III of this Regulation. It", 
        "is of particular importance that the", 
        "Commission should carry out appropriate", 
        "consultations during its preparatory work,", 
        "including at expert level. The Commission,", 
        "when preparing and drawing-up delegated", 
        "acts, should further ensure a simultaneous,", 
        "timely and appropriate transmission of", 
        "relevant documents to the European", 
        "Parliament and Council."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0405(COD)", 
      "seq": 21, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(26) While Regulation (EU) No \u2026/\u2026 of", 
        "the European Parliament and of the", 
        "Council of \u2026. (hereinafter \"the Common", 
        "Implementing Regulation\") establishes", 
        "common rules and procedures for the", 
        "implementation of the Union's instruments", 
        "for external action, delegated powers to", 
        "adopt acts in accordance with Article 290", 
        "of the Treaty on the Functioning of the", 
        "European Union should be conferred to the", 
        "Commission for adopting the specific", 
        "implementing measures required for the", 
        "Cross-Border Cooperation mechanisms", 
        "established in Title III of this Regulation. It", 
        "is of particular importance that the", 
        "Commission carries out appropriate", 
        "consultations during its preparatory work,", 
        "including at expert and civil society level.", 
        "The Commission, when preparing and", 
        "drawing-up delegated acts, should further", 
        "ensure a simultaneous, timely and", 
        "appropriate transmission of relevant", 
        "documents to the European Parliament and", 
        "Council."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 26"
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      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(a) promoting human rights and", 
        "fundamental freedoms, the rule of law,", 
        "principles of equality, establishing deep", 
        "and sustainable democracy, promoting", 
        "good governance and developing a thriving", 
        "civil society including social partners;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0405(COD)", 
      "seq": 23, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(a) promoting human rights and", 
        "fundamental freedoms, cultural diversity,", 
        "the rule of law, principles of equality,", 
        "establishing deep and sustainable", 
        "democracy, promoting good governance", 
        "and developing a thriving civil society", 
        "including social partners;"
      ], 
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          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 point a"
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      ]
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      "old": [
        "(c) creating conditions for well managed", 
        "mobility of people and promotion of", 
        "people-to-people contacts;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0405(COD)", 
      "seq": 24, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(c) creating conditions for inclusive", 
        "mobility of people and promotion of", 
        "people-to-people contacts, notably in the", 
        "fields of culture, education, sport and", 
        "youth;"
      ], 
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        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 point c"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(d) sustainable and inclusive development", 
        "in all aspects, poverty reduction, including", 
        "through private-sector development;", 
        "promotion of internal economic, social and", 
        "territorial cohesion, rural development,", 
        "climate action and disaster resilience;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0405(COD)", 
      "seq": 28, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(d) sustainable and inclusive development", 
        "in all aspects, poverty reduction, including", 
        "through support and cooperation with the", 
        "public sector and civil society; promotion", 
        "of internal economic, social and territorial", 
        "cohesion, rural development, climate", 
        "action and disaster resilience;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 point d"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(e) promoting confidence building and", 
        "other measures contributing to security and", 
        "the prevention and settlement of conflicts;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0405(COD)", 
      "seq": 32, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(e) promoting confidence building and", 
        "other measures contributing to security and", 
        "the prevention and settlement of conflicts", 
        "in particular by contributing to respect for", 
        "freedom of association;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 point e"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "3. Union support under this Regulation", 
        "shall in principle be co-financed by the", 
        "partner countries through public funds,", 
        "contributions from the beneficiaries or", 
        "other sources. The same principle shall be", 
        "applicable to the cooperation with the", 
        "Russian Federation, particularly with", 
        "regard to programmes referred to in Article", 
        "6(1) (c). Co-financing requirements may be", 
        "waived in duly justified cases and when", 
        "this is necessary to support the", 
        "development of civil society and non-state", 
        "actors, without prejudice to compliance", 
        "with the other conditions set out in the", 
        "Financial Regulation."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0405(COD)", 
      "seq": 34, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-21T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Union support under this Regulation", 
        "shall in principle be co-financed by the", 
        "partner countries, in accordance with the", 
        "rules of good governance and", 
        "transparently, through public funds,", 
        "contributions from the beneficiaries or", 
        "other sources. The same principle shall be", 
        "applicable to the cooperation with the", 
        "Russian Federation, particularly with", 
        "regard to programmes referred to in Article", 
        "6(1) (c). Co-financing requirements may be", 
        "waived in duly justified cases and when", 
        "this is necessary to support the", 
        "development of civil society and non-state", 
        "actors, without prejudice to compliance", 
        "with the other conditions set out in the", 
        "Financial Regulation."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 4 \u2013 paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 1, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 having regard to the Charter of", 
        "Fundamental Rights of the European", 
        "Union, and in particular its Article 14,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Citation 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "A. whereas, despite some improvement in", 
        "education and training, for the majority of", 
        "the EU population lifelong learning (LLL)", 
        "is still not a reality;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 3, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "A. whereas, despite some improvement in", 
        "education and training, for the majority of", 
        "the EU population lifelong learning (LLL)", 
        "is still not a reality, and certain indicators", 
        "are, in fact, worrying;"
      ], 
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        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 4, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Aa. whereas Member States have a public", 
        "responsibility to draft education and", 
        "training policies and these spheres require", 
        "adequate public funding in order to", 
        "guarantee equal access to education", 
        "without social, economic, cultural, racial", 
        "or political discrimination;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "B. whereas the implementation of LLL", 
        "strategies still remain a challenge for", 
        "many Member States;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 5, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "B. whereas LLL strategies are far from", 
        "being properly implemented in many", 
        "Member States, although they are a key", 
        "part of the EU 2020 strategy;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital B"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "E. whereas economic growth based on", 
        "knowledge and innovation is needed to", 
        "make the EU emerge out of the actual", 
        "crises, and it is important to implement the", 
        "EU 2020 strategy framework in order to", 
        "get through this crucial period;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 10, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "E. whereas economic growth must be", 
        "based, as a matter of priority, on", 
        "education, knowledge, innovation and", 
        "appropriate social policies to make the EU", 
        "emerge out of the current crises, and it is", 
        "important to implement the policies in this", 
        "sphere within the EU 2020 strategy", 
        "framework properly and in full in order to", 
        "get through this crucial period;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "G. whereas inadequate language", 
        "knowledge continues to be an enormous", 
        "obstacle to learning mobility;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 12, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "G. whereas insufficient language", 
        "knowledge continues to be an enormous", 
        "obstacle to learning mobility;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital G"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "H. whereas LLL should genuinely mean", 
        "lifelong within the actual demographic", 
        "context; whereas further consideration", 
        "should be given to the prospects of the", 
        "older people;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "H. whereas LLL should genuinely mean", 
        "lifelong within the actual demographic", 
        "context; whereas we should continue to", 
        "take better account of the potential of", 
        "knowledge accrued by older people;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital H"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "K. whereas Early School Leaving (ESL)", 
        "has serious consequences for the individual", 
        "and for the EU\u2019s social and economic", 
        "growth;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 23, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "K. whereas Early School Leaving (ESL)", 
        "has serious consequences for the individual", 
        "and for the EU\u2019s social and economic", 
        "development;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital K"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1. Welcomes the above-mentioned", 
        "Commission Communication on", 
        "\u2018Education and Training in smart,", 
        "sustainable and inclusive Europe\u2019;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 26, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Notes the above-mentioned Commission", 
        "Communication on \u2018Education and", 
        "Training in smart, sustainable and inclusive", 
        "Europe\u2019;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "3. Points out that Member States might be", 
        "tempted to pursue budget cuts in education", 
        "and training, but emphasises that the", 
        "multiannual financial framework goes in", 
        "the opposite direction: education and", 
        "related sectors won the biggest percentage", 
        "increase under the EU\u2019s long-term budget;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 30, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Points out that some Member States", 
        "have pursued budget cuts in education and", 
        "training, but emphasises that the", 
        "multiannual financial framework goes in", 
        "the opposite direction: education and", 
        "related sectors won the biggest percentage", 
        "increase under the EU\u2019s long-term budget;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "4. Highlights that the economic costs of", 
        "educational underperformance are", 
        "significantly higher than the costs of the", 
        "financial crisis, and Member States are", 
        "already paying the price year after year;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 33, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Highlights that the economic costs of the", 
        "consequences of social inequalities within", 
        "education and training systems,", 
        "particularly those of school dropout, are", 
        "significantly higher than the costs of the", 
        "financial crisis, and Member States are", 
        "already paying the price year after year;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "5. Asks Member States to prioritise", 
        "expenditures in education, research and", 
        "innovation that are considered to be", 
        "investments for future growth, but at the", 
        "same time ensuring the added value of such", 
        "investment;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 36, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Asks Member States to prioritise", 
        "expenditures in education and training,", 
        "youth, research and innovation that must", 
        "be considered to be priority investments", 
        "for social and economic development, but", 
        "at the same time ensuring the added value", 
        "of such investment;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "6. Recalls that a special focus should be", 
        "given to young people, bearing in mind", 
        "that the EU unemployment rate has", 
        "increased to over 20 %, with peaks in", 
        "excess of 40 % in some Member States,", 
        "and that young people are particularly hard", 
        "hit in the current crisis; recalls also that one", 
        "out of seven of today\u2019s students (14.4%)", 
        "leaves the education system with no more", 
        "than a lower secondary education and does", 
        "not participate in any further education or", 
        "training;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 45, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Recalls that a special focus should be", 
        "given to young people, bearing in mind", 
        "that the EU unemployment rate has", 
        "increased to over 20 %, with peaks in", 
        "excess of 40 % in some Member States or", 
        "some regions, and that young people,", 
        "particularly the least qualified young", 
        "people, are particularly hard hit in the", 
        "current crisis; highlights, in particular, the", 
        "detrimental effects of austerity", 
        "programmes on youth unemployment in", 
        "certain EU States, especially those in", 
        "southern Europe, leading, for example, to", 
        "a significant brain drain to other", 
        "countries, including countries outside the", 
        "EU; recalls also that one out of seven of", 
        "today\u2019s students (14.4 %) leaves the", 
        "education system with no more than a", 
        "lower secondary education and does not", 
        "participate in any further education or", 
        "training;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "7. Calls on the EU institutions to make", 
        "further efforts to elaborate better, clearer", 
        "and more targeted youth policies at EU", 
        "level; the current generation of young", 
        "people feels that it will not be able to", 
        "attain the same level of prosperity as the", 
        "previous one did;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 51, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Stresses that the current generation of", 
        "young people feels that it will never be", 
        "able to attain the same level of prosperity", 
        "as the previous one did; calls on the EU", 
        "institutions to make further efforts to", 
        "elaborate more consistent and more", 
        "targeted youth policies at EU level, which", 
        "complement national policies and abide", 
        "by the principle of subsidiarity, in order to", 
        "give young people new hope; believes it is", 
        "vital to involve young people and the", 
        "organisations and associations that", 
        "represent them in drafting these policies,", 
        "particularly at European level;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "8. In particular, asks the Member States to", 
        "target, with the Commission\u2019s support,", 
        "young people that are not in education,", 
        "training or employment, to promote quality", 
        "traineeships so that young people can gain", 
        "real work experience and quickly enter the", 
        "job market and to give special attention to", 
        "vocational education and training in", 
        "tertiary education systems;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 55, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. In particular, asks the Member States to", 
        "target, with the Commission\u2019s support,", 
        "young people that are not in education,", 
        "training or employment, in order to offer", 
        "them quality learning and training", 
        "provision so that they can gain the skills", 
        "and experience they need to enter", 
        "employment, including, for some of them,", 
        "by facilitating their re-entry into the", 
        "educational system; at the same time, calls", 
        "for special attention to be given to", 
        "vocational education and training in", 
        "tertiary education systems, taking into", 
        "account the diversity of national", 
        "education systems;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "13. Believes it is vital to promote mobility,", 
        "in particular through exchanges of", 
        "teachers, students and pupils in the", 
        "language field;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 78, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "13. Believes it is vital to promote mobility,", 
        "in particular through exchanges of", 
        "teachers, students and pupils, especially in", 
        "the language field;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 13"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 80, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "13 a. Stresses the importance of informal", 
        "and non-formal education for the", 
        "development of values, aptitudes and", 
        "skills, particularly for young people, as", 
        "well as for learning about citizenship and", 
        "democratic involvement; calls on the", 
        "Commission to provide support, including", 
        "financial support, for informal and non-", 
        "formal education within the framework of", 
        "the new programmes for education and", 
        "youth, as well as for citizenship;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 13 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "15. Bearing in mind that demographic", 
        "change is an undeniable reality in Europe;", 
        "calls on universities to widen access to", 
        "learning and to modernise curricula to", 
        "address the new challenges in order to", 
        "upgrade the skills of the European", 
        "population;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 83, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "15. Bearing in mind that demographic", 
        "change is an undeniable reality in Europe;", 
        "calls on universities to widen access to", 
        "learning and to modernise curricula to", 
        "address the new challenges in order to", 
        "upgrade the skills of the European", 
        "population without calling into question", 
        "their academic remit in terms of passing", 
        "on knowledge;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 15"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "17. Stresses that adult learning extends", 
        "beyond employment-related activities to", 
        "include personal, civic and social skills in", 
        "formal education and training systems;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 87, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "17. Stresses that adult learning extends", 
        "beyond employment-related activities to", 
        "include personal, civic and social skills in", 
        "formal education and training systems;", 
        "notes, nonetheless, that there ought to be", 
        "a clear distinction between continuing", 
        "professional training and voluntary", 
        "activities outside the framework of work,", 
        "to ensure that the latter do not replace the", 
        "former where employers\u2019 obligations for", 
        "the professional development of", 
        "employees are concerned;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 17"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "19. Highlights the need for LLL statistics", 
        "that cover the age group of 64 +; with the", 
        "retirement age in many of the EU countries", 
        "rising, and with people working later in", 
        "their lives, it is time to consider the", 
        "population that fall outside this age", 
        "bracket;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 90, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "19. Highlights the need for LLL statistics", 
        "that cover the age group of 64 +; with the", 
        "retirement age in many of the EU countries", 
        "rising, and with people working later in", 
        "their lives, it is necessary to take into", 
        "account the changes in the population that", 
        "fall outside this age bracket;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 19"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "20. Calls on the business community, and", 
        "on individual companies, to sponsor", 
        "higher-education institutes/universities that", 
        "allow students to gain knowledge and", 
        "skills for their future work life;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 93, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "20. Encourages dialogue between private", 
        "stakeholders, particularly SMEs and local", 
        "and regional authorities, as well as civil", 
        "society stakeholders, and higher-education", 
        "institutes/universities in order to promote", 
        "the acquisition by students of knowledge", 
        "and skills to facilitate their entry into", 
        "work;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 20"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-488.015%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "21. Encourages Member States to consider", 
        "the possibility of introducing small grants", 
        "for pre-university students from poorer", 
        "backgrounds to encourage them to stay in", 
        "education;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2045(INI)", 
      "seq": 100, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "21. Encourages Member States to consider", 
        "the possibility of introducing small grants", 
        "for pre-university students facing", 
        "difficulties to encourage them to stay in", 
        "education;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 21"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 1, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- having regard to the European", 
        "Convention on Human Rights and", 
        "Convention 108 of the Council of Europe,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Citation 2 bis (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "A. whereas the protection of minors in the", 
        "digital world must be addressed at both", 
        "regulatory level, by deploying more", 
        "effective instruments of prevention and", 
        "repression, and on the educational level;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "A. whereas the protection of minors in the", 
        "digital world must be addressed in a spirit", 
        "of respect for the fundamental liberties", 
        "and rights at both regulatory level, by", 
        "deploying more effective instruments of", 
        "prevention and intervention, whilst", 
        "respecting the guarantees of the legal", 
        "procedures, and on the educational level;", 
        "whereas no person should be deprived of", 
        "access to a means of communication and,", 
        "more specifically, access to the Internet", 
        "should be guaranteed as a right to", 
        "freedom of speech and information, and", 
        "that as a result, the principle behind all", 
        "measures should be the suppression of", 
        "illegal or inappropriate content and not", 
        "the blocking of websites;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "B. whereas the rapid development of", 
        "technologies makes prompt answers", 
        "necessary through permanent bodies that", 
        "can act in various environments;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "B. whereas the rapid development of", 
        "technologies, with the multiplication of", 
        "tools, services, programmes and products", 
        "intended for the public, including those", 
        "aimed at children makes it necessary to", 
        "develop coherent strategies for the", 
        "protection of minors through appropriate", 
        "measures decided upon in line with", 
        "national and European legislation and", 
        "implemented by the responsible public", 
        "authorities, whereas many other matters", 
        "are connected with the protection of", 
        "minors in the digital world, such as the", 
        "neutrality of the Internet, the handling of", 
        "personal data, respect for privacy, the", 
        "right to be forgotten and freedom of", 
        "expression;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital B"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "C. whereas the education sector is", 
        "adjusting to the digital world, but at a pace", 
        "and in a way that is failing to keep pace", 
        "with the technological changes in the lives", 
        "of minors, while parents and educators are", 
        "having problems in helping them as they", 
        "remain on the margins of their virtual", 
        "lives;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 20, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "C. whereas the education sector should", 
        "integrate the consequences of the", 
        "development of the digital world into", 
        "educational programmes at a pace and in a", 
        "way that allows children to take", 
        "ownership of technological changes,", 
        "together with parents and educators;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital C"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 24, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ca. whereas education in the media and", 
        "in the new information and", 
        "communication technologies is important", 
        "in developing policies for the protection of", 
        "minors in the digital world and its role in", 
        "ensuring the safe, appropriate and critical", 
        "use of these technologies;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital C bis (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "D. whereas exercise of European", 
        "citizenship and the complete expression of", 
        "rights require access also for minors to the", 
        "use of safe digital instruments and content;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 28, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "D. whereas exercise of citizenship and", 
        "enjoyment of the ensuing rights, including", 
        "participation in cultural, social and", 
        "democratic life, require access also for", 
        "minors to the use of pluralistic and safe", 
        "digital tools, services and content;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital D"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 29, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Da. whereas, in addition to the fight", 
        "against illegal and inappropriate content,", 
        "prevention and intervention measures for", 
        "the protection of minors must also cover a", 
        "number of other threats such as", 
        "harassment, discrimination, restriction of", 
        "access to services, online surveillance,", 
        "attacks on privacy and freedom of", 
        "expression and information, lack of", 
        "clarity regarding the aims of collecting", 
        "personal data, etc.;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital D bis (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "E. whereas the level of diffusion of media", 
        "that converge in a single digital system", 
        "implies risks in terms of easy access to", 
        "content that is illegal, unsuitable, and", 
        "harmful for the development of minors;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 32, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "E. whereas the progressive convergence of", 
        "different media in a single digital system", 
        "or platform implies risks in terms of easy", 
        "access to content that is illegal, unsuitable,", 
        "and harmful to the development of minors,", 
        "but also the possibility that data may be", 
        "collected that is intended to target", 
        "children as consumers, with harmful,", 
        "unmeasured effects;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "F. whereas, in the free circulation of the", 
        "audiovisual services of the single market,", 
        "where digital service providers have", 
        "differing responsibilities, the protection of", 
        "minors and human dignity is pre-eminent;", 
        "whereas, however, WebTV and hybrid TV", 
        "are outside the scope of any controls;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 41, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "F. whereas, in the free circulation of the", 
        "audiovisual services of the single market,", 
        "where digital service providers have", 
        "differing responsibilities, the protection of", 
        "minors and human dignity must be pre-", 
        "eminent; whereas, however, WebTV and", 
        "hybrid TV are not the subject of", 
        "legislation surrounding their activities", 
        "and are therefore outside the scope of any", 
        "controls;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital F"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "G. whereas the measures to prevent illegal", 
        "online content lead to differing approaches", 
        "to the prevention of unsuitable conduct;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 49, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "G. whereas the measures taken by Member", 
        "States to prevent illegal online content lead", 
        "to differing approaches to the prevention of", 
        "unsuitable conduct;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital G"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "I. whereas the various regulatory methods", 
        "adopted by suppliers of digital content and", 
        "services do not always satisfy requirements", 
        "in respect of transparency, independence,", 
        "confidentiality, the processing of personal", 
        "data and its profiling for commercial", 
        "purposes;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 57, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "I. whereas the various codes of conduct", 
        "adopted by suppliers of digital content and", 
        "services do not always satisfy the", 
        "requirements of European or national", 
        "legislation in respect of transparency,", 
        "independence, confidentiality, the", 
        "processing of personal data and its", 
        "profiling for commercial purposes;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital I"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1. Asks the Commission to propose a", 
        "single framework directive on the rights of", 
        "minors in the digital world, in order to", 
        "integrate all the provisions regarding", 
        "minors envisaged in the previous", 
        "provisions of the EU;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 69, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Asks the Commission to propose a", 
        "single framework directive on the rights of", 
        "minors in the digital world, in order to", 
        "integrate all the provisions regarding", 
        "minors envisaged in the previous", 
        "provisions of the EU, in compliance with", 
        "the European provisions on fundamental", 
        "rights and freedoms;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 83, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3a. Notes the creation, at the initiative of", 
        "the Commission, of the CEO coalition for", 
        "the online security of minors; calls for, in", 
        "this regard, close collaboration with civil", 
        "society associations and organisations", 
        "working for the protection of minors, data", 
        "protection, education, etc., representatives", 
        "of parents and educators, including at a", 
        "European level, as well as the various", 
        "Commission Directorates-General that", 
        "are tasked with consumer protection and", 
        "justice;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3 bis (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "5. Reiterates the importance of the digital", 
        "literacy and skills of minors being", 
        "considered as a priority in the Union\u2019s", 
        "social policy;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 92, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Reiterates the importance of the digital", 
        "literacy and skills of minors being", 
        "considered as a priority in the Union\u2019s", 
        "policies with regard to education and", 
        "youth;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "6. Underlines the need for an educational", 
        "alliance among families, school, civil", 
        "society, interested parties and audiovisual", 
        "services, in order to guarantee a balanced", 
        "dynamic between the digital world and", 
        "minors;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 99, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Underlines the need for an educational", 
        "alliance among families, school, civil", 
        "society and interested parties, including", 
        "those involved in audiovisual services, in", 
        "order to guarantee a balanced dynamic", 
        "between the digital world and minors;", 
        "encourages the Commission to support", 
        "awareness-raising initiatives aimed at", 
        "parents and educators in order to ensure", 
        "that they can best support minors in the", 
        "use of digital tools and services;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "7. Encourages the Commission to support", 
        "the access of minors to safe and high", 
        "quality digital content in existing", 
        "programmes, dedicated to young people,", 
        "education and the digital world;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 107, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Encourages the Commission to support", 
        "the access of minors to safe and high", 
        "quality pluralistic digital content in", 
        "existing programmes, dedicated to young", 
        "people, education, culture, the arts and the", 
        "digital world;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "8. Recommends that the Commission", 
        "propose a review of the Audiovisual Media", 
        "Services Directive, including the", 
        "production of quality online and offline", 
        "services for young people, as well as", 
        "recommending to the Member States to", 
        "include these objectives among the", 
        "obligations of the public service;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 114, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Recommends that the Commission", 
        "propose a review of the Audiovisual Media", 
        "Services Directive, including the", 
        "production of pluralistic and quality online", 
        "and offline services for young people, as", 
        "well as recommending to the Member", 
        "States to include these objectives among", 
        "the obligations of the public service in", 
        "particular;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "11. Invites the Commission and the", 
        "Member States to strengthen cooperation", 
        "with the police to protect minors against", 
        "online crimes as well as to coordinate", 
        "hotlines, and to make agreements with", 
        "Internet services suppliers to this end;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 125, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "11. Supports the concept of developing", 
        "synergies with other related services,", 
        "including police and juvenile justice", 
        "systems to protect minors against online", 
        "crimes, particularly by coordinating", 
        "hotlines, and invites the Commission and", 
        "Member States to make agreements with", 
        "Internet services suppliers to this end;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "14. Supports the commitment of digital", 
        "content and service suppliers to implement", 
        "codes of conduct to identify, prevent and", 
        "remove illegal content;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 137, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "14. Supports the commitment of digital", 
        "content and service suppliers to implement", 
        "codes of conduct compliant with the", 
        "regulations that are in force to identify,", 
        "prevent and remove illegal content based", 
        "on the decisions of the legal authorities;", 
        "encourages the Commission and Member", 
        "States to carry out evaluations in this", 
        "area;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 14"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "15. Encourages the Commission and", 
        "Member States to develop strategies and", 
        "standards to protect minors from online", 
        "and offline exposure to content that is", 
        "unsuitable for their age;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 148, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "15. Encourages the Member States to", 
        "reinforce cooperation in the development", 
        "of strategies, with respect for fundamental", 
        "freedoms and rights, and to better", 
        "coordinate the protection of minors from", 
        "harmful content, as well as to involve", 
        "third countries in this, including by", 
        "reaching agreements on the subject;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 15"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "16. Invites associations of audiovisual and", 
        "digital service suppliers to integrate the", 
        "protection of minors into their respective", 
        "by-laws and to indicate the appropriate age", 
        "group;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 153, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16. Invites associations of audiovisual and", 
        "digital service suppliers, in cooperation", 
        "with other relevant associations, to", 
        "integrate the protection of minors into their", 
        "respective by-laws and to indicate the", 
        "appropriate age group;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "17. Encourages Member States to continue", 
        "the dialogue to harmonise the classification", 
        "of digital content for minors;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 154, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "17. Encourages Member States to continue", 
        "the dialogue to harmonise the classification", 
        "of digital content for minors, in", 
        "cooperation with the relevant operators", 
        "and associations;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 17"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 164, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "19a. Underlines the importance of making", 
        "users aware of how their personal data", 
        "and the data of associated parties are", 
        "handled by service providers or social", 
        "networks and of the options available to", 
        "them for redress in cases where their data", 
        "are used outside the scope of the", 
        "legitimate purposes for which they were", 
        "collected by providers and their partners,", 
        "this information to appear in a language", 
        "and form adapted to the user profiles,", 
        "with special attention paid to minors;", 
        "considers that providers have particular", 
        "responsibilities in this regard, and calls on", 
        "them to inform users in a clear,", 
        "comprehensible manner of their", 
        "publication policies;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 19 bis (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.363%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "21. Invites the Member States to develop", 
        "more standard systems relating to the right", 
        "of reply in digital media, in order to also", 
        "improve its effectiveness;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 172, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "21. Invites the Member States to develop", 
        "and harmonise systems relating to the", 
        "right of reply in digital media, whilst also", 
        "improving their effectiveness;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 21"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "22. Underlines that digital citizenship is an", 
        "essential element in European citizenship,", 
        "in order to create knowledgeable citizens", 
        "who are protagonists in digital democracy", 
        "processes;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 174, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "22. Underlines that digital technology is an", 
        "important learning tool for citizenship,", 
        "facilitating the participation of many", 
        "citizens living in peripheral areas and", 
        "especially of young audiences, allowing", 
        "them to fully benefit from freedom of", 
        "expression and online communication;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 22"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "23. Invites the Member States to consider", 
        "digital platforms as training grounds for", 
        "democratic participation;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 177, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "23. Invites the Member States to consider", 
        "digital platforms as training tools for", 
        "democratic participation;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 23"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "24. Underlines the importance of", 
        "promoting, in services and digital content,", 
        "understanding and dialogue between", 
        "generations, genders, and various cultural", 
        "and ethnic groups;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2068(INI)", 
      "seq": 181, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-10-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "24. Underlines the importance of", 
        "promoting, in services and digital content,", 
        "understanding and dialogue between", 
        "generations, genders, and various cultural", 
        "groups;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 24"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.847%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 1, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- having regard to the Declaration of the", 
        "European Parliament of 10 March 2011", 
        "on establishing European statutes for", 
        "mutual societies, associations and", 
        "foundations1,", 
        "__________________", 
        "1", 
        "Texts adopted, P7_TA(2011)0101."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Citation 11 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.847%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "B. in view of the success of the European", 
        "Year of Voluntary Activities Promoting", 
        "Active Citizenship (2011) in terms of", 
        "impact on the taking of policy decisions at", 
        "national, regional, local and European", 
        "levels, and increased public visibility and", 
        "awareness-raising;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 8, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "B. whereas the success of the European", 
        "Year of Voluntary Activities Promoting", 
        "Active Citizenship (2011) at national,", 
        "regional, local and European levels has", 
        "positive effects in terms of increased", 
        "public visibility and awareness-raising and", 
        "should lead to the drafting of public", 
        "policy;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital B"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.847%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "C. whereas volunteering is an informal", 
        "learning experience suitable for persons of", 
        "all ages; whereas it offers benefits in terms", 
        "of personal development, strengthening of", 
        "civic values and European identity,", 
        "intercultural learning and professional", 
        "opportunities, as well as contributing to the", 
        "aims of the European Union\u2019s (EU)", 
        "policies on social inclusion, employment,", 
        "education, development of skills and", 
        "citizenship;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "C. whereas volunteering is an informal", 
        "learning experience suitable for persons of", 
        "all ages; whereas it offers benefits in terms", 
        "of personal development, community", 
        "management, strengthening of civic values", 
        "and participation in democratic life,", 
        "intercultural learning and the acquisition", 
        "of professional skills as well as", 
        "contributing to the aims of the European", 
        "Union\u2019s (EU) policies on social inclusion", 
        "and combating discrimination, and on", 
        "employment, education, culture,", 
        "development of skills and citizenship;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital C"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.847%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "D. whereas volunteering is an important", 
        "factor in creating social capital and", 
        "development and in promoting socio-", 
        "economic cohesion, and in view of the", 
        "potential of voluntary labour as a valuable", 
        "resource within the Europe 2020 growth", 
        "strategy;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 14, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "D. whereas volunteering is an important", 
        "factor in the emancipation of individuals", 
        "and groups, solidarity, development and in", 
        "promoting socio-economic cohesion, and", 
        "in view of the potential of voluntary labour", 
        "as a valuable resource within the Europe", 
        "2020 growth strategy;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital D"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.847%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "E. in view of the growing number of young", 
        "and older EU citizens participating in", 
        "volunteering, spread out over the areas of", 
        "education, culture, youth policies, sport,", 
        "the environment, sustainable development,", 
        "health, immigration, corporate social", 
        "responsibility and the EU\u2019s relations with", 
        "third countries;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 18, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "E. in view of the growing number of EU", 
        "citizens of all ages participating in", 
        "volunteering, spread out over the areas of", 
        "education, culture, youth policies, sport,", 
        "the environment, sustainable development,", 
        "health, immigration, the defence of rights,", 
        "corporate social responsibility and the", 
        "EU\u2019s relations with third countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.847%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 20, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "E b. in view of the important role of", 
        "voluntary commitment in terms of", 
        "citizenship and participating in the", 
        "democratic debate, especially in debates", 
        "on public policy;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. Asks the national, regional and local", 
        "authorities and the EU to pay particular", 
        "attention to disadvantaged young people", 
        "and young people with fewer opportunities,", 
        "so that they may participate in volunteering", 
        "activities and, to that end, benefit from", 
        "adequate educational and financial support;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 33, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Asks the national, regional and local", 
        "authorities and the EU to pay particular", 
        "attention to disadvantaged young people", 
        "and in particular young people with fewer", 
        "opportunities, so that they may participate", 
        "in volunteering activities and, to that end,", 
        "benefit from adequate educational and", 
        "financial support;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.847%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "7. Therefore proposes that a centralised EU", 
        "portal be created, to include a section on", 
        "cross-border volunteering, with", 
        "information about the programmes", 
        "available, their costs and the conditions for", 
        "participation;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 62, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Therefore proposes that a centralised EU", 
        "portal be created, to include a section on", 
        "cross-border volunteering, with", 
        "information about the programmes", 
        "available, their costs and the conditions for", 
        "participation, in cooperation with", 
        "organisations and associations working in", 
        "this sector and in particular their", 
        "European networks;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.847%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "8. Encourages the Member States to adopt", 
        "the volunteering measurement method", 
        "developed by the John Hopkins University", 
        "and approved by the International Labour", 
        "Organisation with a view to making", 
        "available comparable statistics and", 
        "providing a clear picture of the significant", 
        "contribution made by voluntary work;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 64, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Encourages the Member States to adopt", 
        "comparable statistical tools to promote", 
        "volunteering based on the work of the", 
        "UN, the ILO, and national statistics", 
        "institutes such as France's INSEE;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 69, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8b. calls on the Commission to include", 
        "volunteering in the Community", 
        "Framework on Gender Equality;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 8 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 89, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "14b. Calls on the Member States to", 
        "implement the provisions of Directive", 
        "2004/114/EC on the conditions of", 
        "admission of third-country nationals for", 
        "the purposes of studies, pupil exchange,", 
        "unremunerated training or voluntary", 
        "service and to simplify the procedures for", 
        "the granting of visas, or to abolish them,", 
        "for those wishing to undertake voluntary", 
        "activities as part of the EU", 
        "neighbourhood policy;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 14 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.847%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "15. Asks the national, regional and local", 
        "authorities and the EU to give financial", 
        "and other support to the organisations", 
        "involved in volunteering work, including", 
        "all the associations and networks, with a", 
        "view to enhancing their roles, activities and", 
        "achievements for the benefit of society;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 92, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "15. Asks the national, regional and local", 
        "authorities and the EU to provide adequate", 
        "funding and to simplify administrative", 
        "procedures for the organisations involved", 
        "in volunteering work, including all the", 
        "associations and networks, particularly for", 
        "small associations with limited resources,", 
        "with a view to enhancing their roles,", 
        "activities and achievements for the benefit", 
        "of society; therefore calls for the concept", 
        "of grants to associations to be clarified so", 
        "that association funding is not confused", 
        "with state aid which could hinder", 
        "competition in the financial sector;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 15"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "16. Calls on the Commission, in particular,", 
        "to ensure that volunteering projects are", 
        "included in all new funding programmes;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 100, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16. Calls on the Commission, in particular,", 
        "as part of the creation of new multiannual", 
        "programmes, to ensure that volunteering", 
        "projects and the structures organised by", 
        "voluntary activities are guaranteed", 
        "funding;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2293(INI)", 
      "seq": 105, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, In\u00eas Cristina Zuber", 
      "date": "2012-03-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16b. Reiterates the importance of", 
        "adopting a European Statute for", 
        "associations, mutual societies and", 
        "foundations in order for their role in", 
        "European social and economic cohesion", 
        "to be recognised and for them to have the", 
        "legal instruments required for their", 
        "operation, activities, development and", 
        "their contribution to businesses in the", 
        "Member States and the EU;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-476.013%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "Proposal for a decision of the European", 
        "Parliament and of the Council on the", 
        "European Year of Citizens (2013)"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0217(COD)", 
      "seq": 32, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Proposal for a decision of the European", 
        "Parliament and of the Council on the", 
        "European Year of Citizenship (2013)", 
        "(This amendment applies throughout the", 
        "text: adopting it will necessitate", 
        "corresponding changes throughout.)"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Title"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-476.013%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0217(COD)", 
      "seq": 56, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- to consider and discuss the", 
        "establishment of arrangements promoting", 
        "the use of educational and cultural", 
        "facilities, including in remote areas, to", 
        "encourage debate about citizenship and", 
        "especially its educational and cultural", 
        "aspects;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 indent 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.629%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "A.whereas the economic crisis,", 
        "demographic developments, rapid", 
        "technological change and the resulting", 
        "demand for new skills pose serious", 
        "challenges to, and call for far-reaching", 
        "reforms in Europe\u2019s higher education", 
        "systems;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 6, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "compromise": [
        "1", 
        "    Texts adopted, P7_TA(2011)0453."
      ], 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "A. whereas the economic crisis, and its", 
        "consequences in terms of the imposition", 
        "of austerity measures and budget", 
        "cutbacks, demographic developments,", 
        "rapid technological change and the", 
        "resulting demand for new skills pose", 
        "serious challenges to, and call for far-", 
        "reaching reforms in Europe\u2019s higher", 
        "education systems which should not have", 
        "a detrimental effect on the quality of", 
        "education;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 8, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "A a. whereas universities have been an", 
        "important resource in Europe for almost a", 
        "millennium, and the importance of their", 
        "role in the progress of society should not", 
        "be reduced to their contribution to the", 
        "economy and their development should", 
        "not solely depend on their ability to adapt", 
        "to the economic needs of the current", 
        "economic model;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "A b. whereas universities encourage", 
        "individual autonomy and creativity and", 
        "have a very important role in the", 
        "promotion of knowledge, Member States", 
        "should therefore make every effort to", 
        "ensure that higher education is widely", 
        "accessible without discrimination", 
        "particularly on social, economic, cultural,", 
        "racial or political grounds;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 10, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "A c. whereas education is the", 
        "responsibility of Member States and it is", 
        "important to ensure financial support to", 
        "higher education institutions, first and", 
        "foremost, through the provision of", 
        "adequate public funding;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 11, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "A d. whereas the creation of a European", 
        "Higher Education Area is a significant", 
        "development that could contribute to", 
        "European integration while respecting the", 
        "diversity of education in the various EU", 
        "Member States and the goals of higher", 
        "education in relation to society; whereas", 
        "the European Union has an important", 
        "role to play in strengthening this area", 
        "while drawing on the efforts and", 
        "cooperation of Member States in this", 
        "regard;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A d (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "B. whereas individuals must re-think their", 
        "careers and widen as well as update their", 
        "skills and knowledge at an ever faster rate;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 13, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "B. whereas individuals, throughout their", 
        "careers, must widen as well as update their", 
        "skills and knowledge at an ever faster rate", 
        "and a combination of general and", 
        "specialised knowledge offers the best", 
        "guarantee to help individuals to succeed", 
        "in this regard;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital B"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "D. whereas more than 21 % of young", 
        "people in the EU are unemployed;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "D. whereas more than 21 % of young", 
        "people in the EU are unemployed; whereas", 
        "significant cutbacks to education budgets", 
        "by several Member States, combined with", 
        "a constant increase in education fees,", 
        "have led to a massive increase in the", 
        "number of students who are vulnerable, in", 
        "debt, and have to resort to paid", 
        "employment to fund their studies;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital D"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.629%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "E. whereas in the EU in 2010,", 
        "unemployment of tertiary education", 
        "graduates stood at 5.4 % compared to more", 
        "than 15 % among those with only lower", 
        "secondary education;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 20, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "E. whereas in the EU in 2010,", 
        "unemployment of tertiary education", 
        "graduates stood at 5.4 % compared to more", 
        "than 15 % among those with only lower", 
        "secondary education; whereas, on the", 
        "other hand, it is taking longer and longer", 
        "for the majority of those graduates to find", 
        "secure employment, and more often than", 
        "not, they first have to complete several", 
        "internships and accept temporary", 
        "employment contracts or work for which", 
        "they are overqualified;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.629%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "F. whereas only 200 of Europe\u2019s 4 000", 
        "higher education institutions rank among", 
        "the top 500 in the world;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 21, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "F. whereas only 200 of Europe\u2019s 4 000", 
        "higher education institutions rank among", 
        "the top 500 in the world; whereas,", 
        "however, rankings are often unreliable,", 
        "and fail to reflect the diversity of pathways", 
        "and programmes across the various", 
        "countries and often only take English", 
        "language publications into consideration", 
        "in their ranking criteria;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital F"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.629%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1.Calls on higher education institutions to", 
        "integrate lifelong learning into their", 
        "curricula and adapt to a student base that", 
        "includes adults, non-traditional learners", 
        "and full-time students who have to work", 
        "while studying;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 32, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1.Calls on higher education institutions to", 
        "integrate lifelong learning into their", 
        "curricula and adapt to a student base that", 
        "includes adults, non-traditional learners", 
        "and full-time students who have to work", 
        "while studying; calls, therefore, on", 
        "Member States to consider freezing", 
        "registration fees since, during this period", 
        "of economic and social crisis, such fees", 
        "constitute a barrier to access to higher", 
        "education and equal career opportunities", 
        "for the majority of people;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.629%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "2.Invites higher education institutions to", 
        "take into account the needs of professionals", 
        "who need to update their skills in a short", 
        "space of time;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 41, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2.Invites higher education institutions to", 
        "take into account the needs of professionals", 
        "who need to update their skills in a short", 
        "space of time; insists that higher", 
        "education institutions can play a key role", 
        "in responding to the need to secure", 
        "careers through the development of", 
        "courses that meet the needs of workers,", 
        "thereby facilitating a return to education", 
        "for workers faced with job losses or the", 
        "end of an employment contract, as well as", 
        "voluntary mobility for other workers and", 
        "promotion on the condition that the", 
        "programmes lead to secure and well-paid", 
        "employment;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "3.Acknowledges the wide variety of higher", 
        "education institutions in Europe; calls on", 
        "the Member States and these institutions to", 
        "develop clear, integrated, pathways that", 
        "allow learners to progress from other types", 
        "of education into higher education and to", 
        "change between different tracks and types", 
        "of institutions;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 47, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3.Acknowledges the wide variety of higher", 
        "education institutions in Europe; calls on", 
        "the Member States and these institutions to", 
        "develop clear, integrated, pathways that", 
        "allow learners to progress from other types", 
        "of education into higher education and to", 
        "change between different tracks and types", 
        "of institutions; emphasises, however, the", 
        "need to maintain the diversity of", 
        "educational pathways and programmes,", 
        "teaching methods and university systems", 
        "within the European Union; considers", 
        "that a national framework of qualification", 
        "is necessary to that end, while at the same", 
        "time promoting the mutual recognition of", 
        "degrees and qualifications across all", 
        "Member States;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "4.Emphasises that academic staff and", 
        "students, as well as their organisations,", 
        "need to be involved in the modernisation of", 
        "higher education institutions; stresses that", 
        "excellence in both research and teaching", 
        "needs to be rewarded"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 49, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Emphasises that academic staff and", 
        "students, as well as their organisations,", 
        "need to be involved in the modernisation of", 
        "higher education institutions; notes that in", 
        "the countries where the Bologna Process", 
        "has been implemented, there has been an", 
        "overall decline in the representation of the", 
        "university community within decision-", 
        "making bodies to the benefit of economic", 
        "actors, in particular large corporations;", 
        "stresses that excellence in research and", 
        "teaching needs to be rewarded in order to", 
        "promote individual and collective", 
        "liberation; stresses, therefore, the need to", 
        "strengthen the teaching of traditional", 
        "subjects (humanities, hard sciences,", 
        "research);"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "5. Endorses the Commission\u2019s initiative to", 
        "launch a multi-dimensional tool for ranking", 
        "of higher education institutions based on", 
        "characteristics such as the quality of", 
        "teaching, regional engagement and", 
        "knowledge transfer;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 54, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Opposes the Commission\u2019s initiative to", 
        "launch a multi-dimensional tool for ranking", 
        "of higher education institutions based on", 
        "the view that such a tool would fail to take", 
        "account of the diversity of educational", 
        "pathways, programmes, and linguistic", 
        "diversity in university publications; is of", 
        "the view that there is a serious risk that", 
        "this type of classification system would", 
        "place institutions in competition with one", 
        "another at European level instead of", 
        "fostering cooperation centred on", 
        "acquiring and rewarding knowledge,", 
        "research and development;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.629%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "6. Demands that the attractiveness of the", 
        "European Higher Education Area (EHEA)", 
        "for students and researchers from all over", 
        "the world be promoted and that", 
        "collaboration with non-EU countries in", 
        "educational matters be strengthened;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 68, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Demands that the attractiveness of the", 
        "European Higher Education Area (EHEA)", 
        "for students and researchers from all over", 
        "the world be promoted and that", 
        "collaboration with non-EU countries in", 
        "educational matters be strengthened; calls,", 
        "therefore, on the Commission and the", 
        "Member States to strengthen current", 
        "programmes and create new programmes", 
        "for cooperation and research, based on", 
        "mutual interest, with universities in", 
        "countries outside the EU, with particular", 
        "attention to those located in conflict", 
        "zones, in order to facilitate access to", 
        "higher education and to train students", 
        "and researchers, without discriminating", 
        "on economic, social, racial or political", 
        "grounds; calls in particular for the", 
        "establishment of partnerships between", 
        "universities in the EU and universities in", 
        "the Maghreb countries and Palestinian", 
        "territories;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.629%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "8. Points out that public funding is of", 
        "primary importance for higher education;", 
        "emphasises that investment in higher", 
        "education in Europe is crucial to", 
        "overcoming the current economic crisis;", 
        "calls on the Member States and higher", 
        "education institutions to develop", 
        "innovative funding mechanisms;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 82, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Points out that public funding is of", 
        "primary importance for higher education;", 
        "emphasises that investment in higher", 
        "education in Europe is crucial to", 
        "overcoming the current economic crisis;", 
        "calls on the Member States and higher", 
        "education institutions to develop", 
        "innovative funding mechanisms; opposes,", 
        "therefore, significant cutbacks to", 
        "education budgets in several Member", 
        "States, as well as the constant increase in", 
        "education fees, which is leading to a", 
        "significant increase in the number of", 
        "vulnerable students, who are more and", 
        "more often in debt, and have had to resort", 
        "to paid employment to fund their studies;", 
        "takes the view that this situation impedes", 
        "the objective of increasing the number of", 
        "students and young graduates, as well", 
        "strengthening social aspect of education", 
        "as a public service;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "9. Reiterates that higher education has the", 
        "potential to promote social inclusion and", 
        "upward social mobility; calls on Member", 
        "States and higher education institutions to", 
        "widen access for students from all social", 
        "backgrounds and to recognise", 
        "multiculturalism and multilingualism as a", 
        "fundamental value of the EU that needs to", 
        "be fostered;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 91, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "9. Reiterates that higher education has the", 
        "potential to promote social inclusion and", 
        "social advancement; calls on Member", 
        "States and higher education institutions to", 
        "widen access to students from all social", 
        "backgrounds and to promote", 
        "multiculturalism and multilingualism,", 
        "which are fundamental values of the EU", 
        "that need to be fostered;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 9"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.629%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "10. Calls for the promotion of best", 
        "practices that help higher education", 
        "institutions react efficiently to changes in", 
        "labour market demands and facilitate", 
        "young people\u2019s transition from higher", 
        "education to the labour market;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 105, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "10. Calls for the promotion of best", 
        "practices that help higher education", 
        "institutions facilitate young people\u2019s", 
        "transition from higher education to the", 
        "labour market;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 10"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.629%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "11.Welcomes the quality framework for", 
        "traineeships that the Commission intends to", 
        "propose; emphasises the success of the", 
        "\u2018Erasmus placements\u2019 that give students", 
        "the opportunity to gain work experience", 
        "abroad, and insists that this action be", 
        "continued under the new programme;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 110, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "11. Takes note of the quality framework", 
        "for traineeships that the Commission", 
        "intends to propose; emphasises the success", 
        "of the \u2018Erasmus placements\u2019 that give", 
        "students the opportunity to gain work", 
        "experience abroad, and insists that this", 
        "action be continued under the new", 
        "programme with particular support for", 
        "young people from the most", 
        "disadvantaged socio-cultural", 
        "backgrounds;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "12. Highlights the need to track graduates\u2019", 
        "employment outcomes to measure how", 
        "well higher education responds to labour", 
        "market demands; welcomes therefore the", 
        "Commission\u2019s commitment to improving", 
        "the availability of such data;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 113, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "12. Highlights the need to track graduates\u2019", 
        "employment outcomes to measure how", 
        "well higher education reforms have", 
        "actually responded to the objectives in", 
        "relation to improving employability; takes", 
        "note, therefore, of the Commission\u2019s", 
        "commitment to improving the availability", 
        "of such data;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 12"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "18.Stresses that continuous investment in", 
        "the link between education, research and", 
        "innovation is necessary; stresses the", 
        "importance of further supporting and", 
        "developing the European Institute for", 
        "Innovation and Technology with its", 
        "knowledge and innovation communities;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 145, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "18.Stresses that continuous public", 
        "investment in the link between education,", 
        "research and innovation is necessary;", 
        "stresses the importance of further", 
        "supporting and developing the European", 
        "Institute for Innovation and Technology", 
        "with its knowledge and innovation", 
        "communities;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 18"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 163, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "20a. Stresses the need to preserve the", 
        "diversity of educational pathways,", 
        "teaching, teaching methods and university", 
        "systems within the European Union; is of", 
        "the view that a national qualifications", 
        "framework is needed to that end while", 
        "also promoting mutual recognition of", 
        "degrees and qualifications in all the", 
        "member countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 20 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "21.Welcomes the Commission\u2019s proposal", 
        "to create a financial instrument to help", 
        "students secure funding for a Masters", 
        "degree outside their home Member State;", 
        "demands fair and transparent access to the", 
        "scheme throughout the Member States;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2294(INI)", 
      "seq": 165, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "21. Takes note of the Commission\u2019s", 
        "proposal to create a financial instrument to", 
        "help students secure funding for a Masters", 
        "degree outside their home Member State;", 
        "calls for the suspension of this proposal", 
        "since it takes the view that this initiative", 
        "involves a very high risk that students", 
        "from disadvantaged backgrounds and", 
        "students from countries in", 
        "Central-Eastern Europe will find it more", 
        "difficult to access higher education and", 
        "their chosen specialisation as a result;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 21"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2179(INI)", 
      "seq": 18, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-01-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3a. Considers that the Mediterranean", 
        "macro-region must develop in accordance", 
        "with international legislation on", 
        "economic, social and cultural rights in", 
        "particular the Universal Declaration of", 
        "Human Rights and the UNESCO", 
        "Convention on the Protection and", 
        "Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural", 
        "Expressions;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "4. Stresses that a Mediterranean macro-", 
        "region would facilitate intercultural", 
        "dialogue and encourage Mediterranean", 
        "people to participate in EU cultural and", 
        "educational programmes;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2179(INI)", 
      "seq": 24, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-01-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Stresses that a Mediterranean macro-", 
        "region would facilitate intercultural", 
        "dialogue and encourage NGOs and", 
        "Mediterranean people to participate in EU", 
        "cultural and educational programmes;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2179(INI)", 
      "seq": 26, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-01-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4a. Stresses that, in the context of the", 
        "Mediterranean macro-region and taking", 
        "into account the motivation of young", 
        "people particularly in the southern", 
        "countries, it is important to strengthen", 
        "cooperation in the field of youth by", 
        "promoting European programmes and", 
        "creating synergies with the work of the", 
        "Mediterranean Office for Youth;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "5. Recommends, in the interests of more", 
        "harmonious cohabitation, closer", 
        "cooperation between universities in the", 
        "future Mediterranean macro-region and the", 
        "removal of obstacles to the movement of", 
        "students and teachers; stresses the need to", 
        "strengthen euro-Mediterranean university", 
        "networks by building on the good", 
        "practices of the Tempus and Erasmus", 
        "Mundus programmes;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2179(INI)", 
      "seq": 30, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-01-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Recommends, in the interests of", 
        "improving exchange programmes and", 
        "encouraging dynamic research,", 
        "innovation and creation, closer", 
        "cooperation between higher education and", 
        "research institutions in the future", 
        "Mediterranean macro-region and the", 
        "removal of obstacles to the movement of", 
        "students, teachers researchers and", 
        "administrative staff; stresses the need to", 
        "strengthen networks between euro-", 
        "Mediterranean education and research", 
        "institutions by supporting the Tempus and", 
        "Erasmus Mundus programmes;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2179(INI)", 
      "seq": 37, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-01-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5a. Finds that the mobility of artists and", 
        "arts in the euro-Mediterranean area is", 
        "faced with numerous obstacles which vary", 
        "according to the country and the region", 
        "and are linked to difficulties in obtaining", 
        "visas but also to a lack of status of artists", 
        "and to the conditions of artistic", 
        "production, particularly in southern", 
        "countries; considers that a Mediterranean", 
        "macro-region will work towards mutual", 
        "recognition of the status of artists, reflect", 
        "on granting opportunities for mobility and", 
        "the optimum use of training programmes,", 
        "networking and the free movement of", 
        "cultural actors, artists and works;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "6. Calls for the most to be made of the", 
        "cultural and linguistic diversity of the", 
        "Mediterranean area, which is a source of", 
        "innovation providing an impetus to the", 
        "cultural and creative industries."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2179(INI)", 
      "seq": 41, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-01-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Calls for the most to be made of the", 
        "cultural and linguistic diversity of the", 
        "Mediterranean area, which is a source of", 
        "mutual understanding, creativity and", 
        "innovation."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 1, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- having regard to the Universal", 
        "Declaration of Human Rights, and in", 
        "particular Article 26 thereof1,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Citation 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 2, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- having regard to the Charter of", 
        "Fundamental Rights of the European", 
        "Union, and in particular Article 14", 
        "thereof,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Citation 1 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "A. whereas the goal of the Bologna", 
        "Process \u2013 to enable compatible systems of", 
        "higher education in Europe \u2013 is still valid", 
        "and the strengthening of the process is", 
        "serving the goals of growth based on", 
        "knowledge and innovation within the", 
        "Europe 2020 strategy, particularly in the", 
        "current economic crisis;", 
        "", 
        "1", 
        "http://www.ehea.info/Uploads/Declarations/SORBONNE_DECLARATION1.pdf", 
        "2", 
        "http://www.ehea.info/news-details.aspx?ArticleId=253"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 5, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "A. whereas the goals of the Bologna", 
        "process - to do away with the barriers", 
        "which still prevent people from moving to", 
        "another country in order to study or work", 
        "and make higher education in Europe", 
        "attractive to as many people as possible,", 
        "including young people from third", 
        "countries with which the European Union", 
        "establishes close relations in the context", 
        "of cooperation policies - are still valid, but", 
        "whereas an assessment and a review are", 
        "needed in order to establish the extent to", 
        "which those goals have or have not been", 
        "achieved and to take account of the", 
        "problems, lack of understanding and", 
        "opposition encountered by universities", 
        "and academics;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "", 
        "", 
        "1", 
        "http://www.ehea.info/Uploads/Documents/2001_Prague_Communique_English.pdf."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Aa. whereas the Prague Communiqu\u00e9", 
        "adopted in 20011 following the conference", 
        "of European Ministers in charge of", 
        "Higher Education lays down as an", 
        "integral part of the Bologna process the", 
        "involvement of students and the", 
        "associations and unions representing", 
        "them;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 10, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ab. whereas, in view of their threefold", 
        "function (education, research and", 
        "innovation), universities have a vital part", 
        "to play in the future of the Union and the", 
        "education of its citizens, and whereas the", 
        "role of higher education is to provide a", 
        "learning environment, open to everyone", 
        "without discrimination, that promotes", 
        "autonomy, creativity and optimum use of", 
        "knowledge;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 11, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ac. whereas the university is a major", 
        "aspect of European heritage, now almost", 
        "a thousand years old, whose significance", 
        "as a force for progress in society cannot", 
        "be reduced to its contribution to the", 
        "economy and whose development cannot", 
        "be made solely contingent on economic", 
        "needs;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 12, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ad. whereas the right to education is a", 
        "fundamental Union value, and whereas it", 
        "is the responsibility of the Member States", 
        "to ensure that that value is put into", 
        "practice; whereas it is important to", 
        "support universities financially, first and", 
        "foremost through the provision of", 
        "sufficient public funding, while at the", 
        "same time guaranteeing their autonomy;", 
        "whereas the European Union has a key", 
        "role to play in the establishment of the", 
        "European Higher Education Area by", 
        "supporting the Member States' efforts and", 
        "cooperation in this field;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A d (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "B. whereas the three-degree structure is", 
        "applied \u2013 in some cases successfully \u2013 in", 
        "most of the Bologna countries, despite the", 
        "difficulties encountered;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 13, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "B. whereas the three-degree structure is", 
        "applied by most of the Bologna countries;", 
        "whereas this has quickly led to a shift in", 
        "the focus of teaching towards vocational", 
        "requirements and away from the", 
        "acquisition of knowledge, even though", 
        "there is no evidence that this makes it", 
        "easier for students to find jobs; whereas", 
        "the quality of teaching and research has", 
        "also been seriously affected by this", 
        "reform;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital B"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "C. whereas the commitment to push", 
        "forward the reform should not be pursued", 
        "via fragmented action and without", 
        "adequate financial support;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 18, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital C"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "D. whereas mobility must be available to", 
        "all and is the cornerstone of the higher", 
        "education reform;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 23, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "D. whereas mobility must be available to", 
        "all and is the cornerstone of the higher", 
        "education reform; whereas there are still", 
        "significant obstacles to mobility, in the", 
        "form of social rights, the financial", 
        "capacity of the individuals concerned and", 
        "sociocultural stereotypes, with the result", 
        "that only 2 % of students take advantage", 
        "of mobility;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital D"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "E. whereas the social dimension must be", 
        "strengthened as a necessary condition for", 
        "the development of the Bologna Process;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 27, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "E. whereas the social dimension of the", 
        "Bologna process must be strengthened in", 
        "order to alleviate the problems", 
        "encountered by students and teaching and", 
        "administrative staff; whereas this is a", 
        "prerequisite if higher education is to", 
        "become a genuine force for individual", 
        "and collective emancipation;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "F. whereas universities, public", 
        "administrations and enterprises must be", 
        "strongly committed to the issue of", 
        "employability;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 30, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "F. whereas one of the university's", 
        "important tasks is to equip graduates with", 
        "the skills they need to find a stable, well", 
        "paid job;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital F"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "G. whereas education is a public", 
        "responsibility of the Member States, the", 
        "EU institutions and other key actors;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 35, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital G"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1. Calls for a strengthening at EU level of", 
        "support for the Bologna Process, in", 
        "particular as regards the recognition of", 
        "academic qualifications, and the promotion", 
        "of mobility and employability;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 40, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Calls for a strengthening at EU level, in", 
        "cooperation with the Member States, of", 
        "support, including administrative and", 
        "financial support, for the institutions", 
        "affected by the Bologna Process, in", 
        "particular as regards the broadest possible", 
        "access to high-quality higher education,", 
        "the recognition of academic qualifications,", 
        "and the promotion of mobility and", 
        "employability, and, with those aims in", 
        "mind, the elimination of administrative", 
        "obstacles;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "2. Notes that the European Higher", 
        "Education Area (EHEA) is a major", 
        "achievement, which must be enhanced", 
        "through the use of appropriate tools and", 
        "procedures;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 49, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Notes that the establishment of a", 
        "European Higher Education Area (EHEA)", 
        "is a key economic, social and cultural", 
        "challenge facing the European Union, but", 
        "that it must be addressed in a manner", 
        "consistent with the principle of cultural", 
        "pluralism, the diversity of education", 
        "systems in the Member States and higher", 
        "education's role in society;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "3. Highlights the fact that the priorities set", 
        "up within the Bologna process represent", 
        "the conditions necessary to guarantee that", 
        "every student enrolled in a European", 
        "university has the right to graduate and to", 
        "see his qualification recognised in any EU", 
        "country, with the goal of creating a", 
        "genuine European University Citizenship;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 59, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Highlights the fact that the priorities set", 
        "up within the Bologna process represent", 
        "the conditions necessary to guarantee that", 
        "every student enrolled in a European", 
        "university has the possibility of graduating", 
        "and of seeing his qualification recognised", 
        "in any participating State; points out that", 
        "these priorities have not yet been achieved", 
        "and that the implementation of the", 
        "Bologna Process has instead served to", 
        "create competition between qualifications", 
        "and higher education establishments and", 
        "a division between students from the", 
        "Member States and those from third", 
        "countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "4. Calls for the development of an", 
        "effective, bottom-up approach, fully", 
        "involving all key actors such as", 
        "universities, trade unions, the business", 
        "sector and, first and foremost, teachers and", 
        "students;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 65, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Calls for the development of an", 
        "effective, bottom-up approach, fully", 
        "involving all key actors such as", 
        "universities, trade unions and, first and", 
        "foremost, teachers, students and", 
        "administrative staff; notes that in", 
        "countries where the Bologna process has", 
        "been implemented it has generally led to a", 
        "reduction in the level of representation of", 
        "the academic community on management", 
        "bodies, in particular to the benefit of", 
        "economic actors, primarily major", 
        "undertakings;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "5. Calls for a commitment on the part of", 
        "universities to new teaching and training", 
        "strategies aimed at a learning-centred", 
        "university system;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 73, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Calls on universities to consider", 
        "adopting new teaching strategies,", 
        "alongside a strengthening of traditional", 
        "forms of teaching (human sciences, pure", 
        "science, research, etc.), and new", 
        "professional and lifelong training", 
        "strategies aimed at creating a university", 
        "system which focuses on acquiring and", 
        "exploiting knowledge, research and", 
        "development;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 82, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5a. Stresses that ECTS credits should be", 
        "developed with a view to enhancing", 
        "students' knowledge of their chosen", 
        "subjects, not solely as a range of general", 
        "skills meeting the needs of the market;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 5 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "6. Calls for the development of the", 
        "universities\u2019 \u2018third mission\u2019 to society;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 86, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Notes universities\u2019 \u2018third mission\u2019 to", 
        "society; stresses that this mission must not", 
        "be carried out at the expense of", 
        "educational and research establishments", 
        "as a result of the management costs", 
        "involved in the commercialisation of", 
        "research activities, and calls for a", 
        "substantial part of the revenues generated", 
        "through these activities to be allocated to", 
        "the social dimension of the planned", 
        "reforms;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "7. Calls for the identification of new,", 
        "targeted and flexible funding mechanisms", 
        "with a view to supporting growth,", 
        "excellence and the particular and diverse", 
        "vocations of universities;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 91, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Points out that education budgets are", 
        "an investment in the future and that", 
        "sacrificing them could have serious", 
        "consequences in the longer term;", 
        "consequently, opposes the major budget", 
        "reductions in the area of education in", 
        "most Member States and the steady", 
        "increase in school fees, leading to a", 
        "massive rise in the number of vulnerable", 
        "and indebted students having to work to", 
        "finance their studies; believes that these", 
        "developments have a negative impact on", 
        "attempts to strengthen the social", 
        "dimension of education, which is the", 
        "principle on which the Bologna process is", 
        "founded, and highlights the need for", 
        "adequate public funding for universities", 
        "to fulfil their particular and diverse", 
        "vocations;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 97, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7a. Calls, therefore, on the Member States", 
        "to consider the possibility of freezing", 
        "enrolment fees given that, particularly in", 
        "the current period of economic and social", 
        "crisis, they are an obstacle to higher", 
        "education for the majority; calls on the", 
        "EU institutions and the Member States to", 
        "increase their education budgets,", 
        "particularly as regards scholarships;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "8. Calls on the EU, the Member States and", 
        "universities to improve information for", 
        "students, academics and staff in order to", 
        "foster structured mobility flows; calls for a", 
        "strengthening of the services of Erasmus", 
        "through better funding, improved credit", 
        "recognition and greater flexibility of the", 
        "time frame allowed;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 102, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Calls on the EU, the Member States and", 
        "universities to establish mechanisms for", 
        "providing information and financial and", 
        "administrative support for all students,", 
        "academics and staff in order to foster", 
        "structured mobility flows; calls for a", 
        "strengthening of the services of Erasmus", 
        "through enhanced funding, based on", 
        "social criteria, the opening of the", 
        "programme to a larger number of", 
        "students, improved credit recognition and", 
        "greater flexibility of the time frame", 
        "allowed;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "11. Calls for strong financial support for", 
        "agreements on common core curricula,", 
        "which guarantee well defined learning", 
        "outcomes, inter alia by exploring the", 
        "methodology approach developed by", 
        "Tuning; calls for particular attention to be", 
        "paid to the specific problems of humanities", 
        "curricula;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 130, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "11. Calls for strong financial support for", 
        "agreements on common core curricula,", 
        "which guarantee well defined learning", 
        "outcomes, inter alia by exploring the", 
        "methodology approach developed by", 
        "Tuning; calls for particular attention to be", 
        "paid to the specific problems of humanities", 
        "curricula; stresses the need to involve the", 
        "academic community as a whole,", 
        "particularly students, teachers and", 
        "researchers, in developing the various", 
        "stages of university education;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "12. Asks for further support for national", 
        "and European measures to guarantee", 
        "equitable inclusion and fair access for", 
        "students from under-represented groups;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 133, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "12. Asks for further support for national", 
        "and European measures to guarantee fair", 
        "access, progress and inclusion for", 
        "students, particularly those from under-", 
        "represented groups;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 12"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "13. Draws attention to the particular needs", 
        "of the Bachelor\u2019s degree, its curricula and", 
        "its employability, stresses in this respect", 
        "the need for specific actions and for more", 
        "effective cooperation between universities", 
        "and the labour market with a view to", 
        "developing more relevant curricula and", 
        "enhancing employability;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 144, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "13. Draws attention to the particular needs", 
        "of the Bachelor\u2019s degree, its curricula and", 
        "its employability; stresses in this respect", 
        "the need for specific actions and for more", 
        "effective cooperation between universities,", 
        "Member States and economic and social", 
        "actors in order to enhance the prospects", 
        "for future graduates of finding a stable,", 
        "well-paid job corresponding to their level", 
        "of qualification;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 13"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "14. Calls on national governments and the", 
        "Commission to develop a system of", 
        "structured cooperation in order to deliver", 
        "joint degrees, within clusters of", 
        "disciplines, with recognition across the EU", 
        "by improving the performance of, and", 
        "financial support for, Erasmus Mundus", 
        "and the future education and training", 
        "programme;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 160, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "14. Calls on national governments to", 
        "develop, with the support of the", 
        "Commission, a system of structured", 
        "cooperation for recognition of degrees and", 
        "qualifications across the EU by improving", 
        "the performance of, and financial support", 
        "for, Erasmus and the future education and", 
        "training programme; believes that national", 
        "degree guidelines are necessary to", 
        "maintain the diversity and recognition of", 
        "education within the EU;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 14"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "Does not affect English version."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 176, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 18"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "21. Calls on the Member States and the EU", 
        "to provide updated and comparable data on", 
        "the basis of which to monitor the", 
        "implementation of the EHEA;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 198, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "21. Calls on the Member States and the EU", 
        "to provide updated and comparable data on", 
        "the basis of which to monitor the", 
        "implementation of the EHEA and, to that", 
        "end, to remove the obstacles and resolve", 
        "the problems associated with the", 
        "implementation of the process, and not to", 
        "penalise those institutions which have not", 
        "yet implemented the planned reforms;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 21"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.248%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2180(INI)", 
      "seq": 202, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "21a. Calls on the Commission and the", 
        "Member States to strengthen cooperation", 
        "and research programmes, and to develop", 
        "new ones, based on mutual interests with", 
        "third-country universities, particularly", 
        "those in conflict zones, in order to allow", 
        "access to higher education and training", 
        "for students from these countries, without", 
        "any discrimination;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 21 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-476.119%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1. Takes the view that lack of information", 
        "is one of the main reasons EU citizens are", 
        "unable to make full use of their rights;", 
        "urges the Commission, therefore, to", 
        "propose a comprehensive communication", 
        "strategy which pays particular attention to", 
        "raising people\u2019s awareness of the rights", 
        "they enjoy as EU citizens;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2182(INI)", 
      "seq": 4, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Takes the view that lack of access to", 
        "information is one of the main reasons EU", 
        "citizens are unable to make full use of their", 
        "rights; urges the Commission, therefore, to", 
        "propose a comprehensive communication", 
        "strategy, in collaboration with local,", 
        "regional and national authorities and", 
        "representatives of civil society, which pays", 
        "particular attention to raising European", 
        "citizens\u2019 awareness of their rights; believes", 
        "this strategy must be based on the", 
        "principle of reciprocity and also enable", 
        "citizens to generate information, express", 
        "their views and ensure those views are", 
        "better understood;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2182(INI)", 
      "seq": 10, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Welcomes the European Citizens\u2019", 
        "Initiative and stresses the need to ensure it", 
        "is rapidly carried into effect by providing", 
        "the means whereby it can become a", 
        "mechanism which genuinely enables", 
        "citizens to participate in the European", 
        "Union\u2019s decision-making processes;", 
        "urges the Commission to raise public", 
        "awareness of the opportunities for action", 
        "this mechanism offers and calls for real", 
        "account to be taken of proposals put", 
        "forward by citizens;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-476.119%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "2. Points to the Inter-institutional Group on", 
        "Information as an important setting within", 
        "which the EU institutions can work to", 
        "honour their commitment to \u2018communicate", 
        "Europe in partnership\u2019 and coordinate the", 
        "effort to raise awareness of EU rights;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2182(INI)", 
      "seq": 13, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Points to the Inter-institutional Group on", 
        "Information as a setting within which the", 
        "EU institutions can work to honour their", 
        "commitment to \u2018communicate Europe in", 
        "partnership\u2019 and coordinate the effort to", 
        "raise awareness of the rights conferred by", 
        "the EU;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-476.119%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2182(INI)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2a. Shares the Commission\u2019s concern at", 
        "the declining turnout in European", 
        "elections, which is symptomatic of a", 
        "democratic deficit, and wonders whether", 
        "there is a link between this deficit and", 
        "social and educational inequality; stresses", 
        "that education and, in particular,", 
        "education in citizenship are vitally", 
        "important to enable future citizens to fully", 
        "understand their rights and exercise them", 
        "in due course, so that they can play a full", 
        "part in the democratic life of their", 
        "countries and of the European Union;", 
        "stresses, therefore, the importance of", 
        "acquiring a solid foundation of general", 
        "knowledge including a good knowledge of", 
        "the European institutions and the history", 
        "of the Member States; believes that, to", 
        "help achieve that objective, the European", 
        "Union should strongly encourage projects", 
        "such as local authorities\u2019 \u2018children\u2019s", 
        "councils\u2019 and exchanges, particularly", 
        "between Member States\u2019 schools and", 
        "colleges; welcomes the fact that a number", 
        "of States give young people the right to", 
        "vote at 16 and also give the right to vote to", 
        "residents from countries which are not", 
        "part of the European Union;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2182(INI)", 
      "seq": 18, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2b. Draws attention to the leading role", 
        "played by non-formal and informal", 
        "education in empowering individuals and", 
        "encouraging them to participate in", 
        "democratic life; urges recognition of a", 
        "European statute for associations and of", 
        "the skills and expertise acquired in the", 
        "course of carrying out voluntary work at", 
        "national and European level;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-476.119%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2182(INI)", 
      "seq": 19, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2c. Regards promoting the diversity of", 
        "cultural expression as essential for", 
        "citizenship; considers that the", 
        "development of culture for all should go", 
        "hand in hand with cultural activities", 
        "which enable all sections of the public,", 
        "including specific groups within it, to take", 
        "part; stresses that the exercise of", 
        "citizenship requires the full and complete", 
        "exercise of citizens\u2019 social and cultural", 
        "rights;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-476.119%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "3. Urges the Commission to streamline", 
        "information on mobility among EU", 
        "students as part of a one-stop shop system,", 
        "in order to make it easier for young people", 
        "to take advantage of the opportunities and", 
        "rights they have as EU citizens;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2182(INI)", 
      "seq": 21, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Urges the Commission to streamline", 
        "information on mobility among EU", 
        "students, teachers and research workers as", 
        "part of a one-stop-shop system, in order to", 
        "make it easier for them to take advantage", 
        "of the opportunities provided under", 
        "European programmes; considers that", 
        "social entitlements issues, individuals\u2019", 
        "financial resources and social and", 
        "cultural stereotypes are still placing", 
        "considerable constraints on mobility;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-476.119%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "5. Calls on the Commission to step up its", 
        "efforts to develop tools for improving", 
        "academic recognition of diplomas and", 
        "periods of study, thereby removing", 
        "obstacles to the mobility of students and", 
        "job-seekers;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2182(INI)", 
      "seq": 34, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Calls on the Commission to step up its", 
        "efforts to develop tools for improving", 
        "academic recognition of diplomas and", 
        "periods of study, thereby removing", 
        "obstacles to mobility;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-476.119%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "6. Points to the importance of improving", 
        "language skills through the teaching of at", 
        "least two foreign languages from a very", 
        "early age, as recommended by the", 
        "Barcelona European Council of 15-16", 
        "March 2002, so that EU citizens can truly", 
        "exercise their rights throughout the Union;", 
        "stresses the need to step up EU efforts in", 
        "this area."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2182(INI)", 
      "seq": 44, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Points to the importance of improving", 
        "language skills through the teaching of at", 
        "least two foreign languages from a very", 
        "early age, as recommended by the", 
        "Barcelona European Council of 15-16", 
        "March 2002, so that EU citizens can join in", 
        "conversation, access information and", 
        "truly exercise their rights throughout the", 
        "Union; stresses the need to step up EU", 
        "efforts in this area."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.123%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(1) The economic well-being of the", 
        "European Union (hereinafter referred to as", 
        "\u201cthe Union\u201d) relies on sustained creativity", 
        "and innovation. Therefore measures for", 
        "their effective protection are indispensible", 
        "in ensuring its future prosperity."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0135(COD)", 
      "seq": 14, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Malika Benarab-Attou", 
      "date": "2011-10-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(1) The well-being and the social,", 
        "economic, and cultural development of", 
        "the European Union (hereinafter referred to", 
        "as \u201cthe Union\u201d) rely on the preservation", 
        "and promotion of its heritage, its", 
        "creativity, and its capacity for innovation;", 
        "access to, and the transfer of, technology,", 
        "knowledge, and culture contribute to", 
        "development, and their role should", 
        "accordingly be taken into account by", 
        "taking measures to meet the new social", 
        "needs of the information society, one", 
        "model for which should be the Unesco", 
        "Convention of 20 October 2005 on the", 
        "Protection and Promotion of the Diversity", 
        "of Cultural Expressions."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.123%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(2) Intellectual property rights are vital", 
        "business assets that help to ensure that", 
        "innovators and creators get a fair return for", 
        "their work and that their investment in", 
        "research and new ideas is protected."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0135(COD)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Malika Benarab-Attou", 
      "date": "2011-10-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(2) Intellectual property rights should", 
        "ensure that innovators and creators get a", 
        "fair reward for their work and their", 
        "investment in research and new ideas and", 
        "should serve to disseminate technologies", 
        "and knowledge by enabling everyone to", 
        "gain access to culture."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.123%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(3) A sound, harmonised and progressive", 
        "approach to intellectual property rights is", 
        "fundamental in the endeavour to fulfil the", 
        "ambitions of the Europe 2020 Strategy."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0135(COD)", 
      "seq": 24, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Malika Benarab-Attou", 
      "date": "2011-10-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(3) A harmonised and progressive", 
        "approach to intellectual property rights is", 
        "fundamental in the endeavour to facilitate", 
        "the dissemination and transfer of", 
        "technologies, knowledge, and culture", 
        "while specifically taking into account the", 
        "cultural and social needs of the Union\u2019s", 
        "population and the peoples of third", 
        "countries in all their diversity."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.123%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(4) The constant rise of infringements of", 
        "intellectual property rights constitutes a", 
        "genuine threat not only to the Union", 
        "economy, but also to the health and safety", 
        "of Union consumers. Therefore, effective,", 
        "immediate and coordinated actions at", 
        "European and global levels are needed to", 
        "successfully combat this phenomenon."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0135(COD)", 
      "seq": 30, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Malika Benarab-Attou", 
      "date": "2011-10-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(4) Infringements of intellectual property", 
        "rights can constitute a threat to the", 
        "economy and to the health and safety of", 
        "Union and third country consumers alike.", 
        "Effective and coordinated actions at", 
        "European and global levels are needed to", 
        "successfully combat this phenomenon,", 
        "taking into account the general interest", 
        "and without jeopardising the diversity of", 
        "cultural expressions."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.123%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(17) The Office should offer a forum that", 
        "brings together public authorities and the", 
        "private sector, ensuring the collection,", 
        "analysis and dissemination of relevant", 
        "objective, comparable and reliable data", 
        "regarding the value of intellectual property", 
        "rights and the infringements of those rights,", 
        "the development of best practices and", 
        "strategies to protect intellectual property", 
        "rights, and raising public awareness of the", 
        "impacts of intellectual property rights", 
        "infringements. Furthermore, the Office", 
        "should fulfil additional tasks, such as to", 
        "improve the understanding of the value of", 
        "intellectual property rights, enhance the", 
        "expertise of persons involved in the", 
        "enforcement of intellectual property rights", 
        "by appropriate training measures, increase", 
        "knowledge on techniques to prevent", 
        "counterfeiting, and improve cooperation", 
        "with third countries and international", 
        "organisations."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0135(COD)", 
      "seq": 49, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Malika Benarab-Attou, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-10-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(17) The Office should offer a forum that", 
        "brings together public authorities and the", 
        "private sector, ensuring the collection,", 
        "analysis and dissemination of relevant", 
        "objective, comparable and reliable data", 
        "regarding the value of intellectual property", 
        "rights and the infringements of those rights,", 
        "the development of best practices and", 
        "strategies to protect intellectual property", 
        "rights, and raising public awareness of the", 
        "impacts of intellectual property rights", 
        "infringements. Furthermore, the Office", 
        "should fulfil additional tasks, such as to", 
        "evaluate the impact of intellectual property", 
        "rights infringements on creativity and", 
        "innovation within the Union, enhance the", 
        "expertise of persons involved in the", 
        "evaluation of intellectual property rights", 
        "infringements by appropriate training", 
        "measures, increase knowledge on", 
        "techniques to prevent piracy, and improve", 
        "cooperation with third countries and", 
        "international organisations."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 17"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.123%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(17) The Office should offer a forum that", 
        "brings together public authorities and the", 
        "private sector, ensuring the collection,", 
        "analysis and dissemination of relevant", 
        "objective, comparable and reliable data", 
        "regarding the value of intellectual property", 
        "rights and the infringements of those rights,", 
        "the development of best practices and", 
        "strategies to protect intellectual property", 
        "rights, and raising public awareness of the", 
        "impacts of intellectual property rights", 
        "infringements. Furthermore, the Office", 
        "should fulfil additional tasks, such as to", 
        "improve the understanding of the value of", 
        "intellectual property rights, enhance the", 
        "expertise of persons involved in the", 
        "enforcement of intellectual property rights", 
        "by appropriate training measures, increase", 
        "knowledge on techniques to prevent", 
        "counterfeiting, and improve cooperation", 
        "with third countries and international", 
        "organisations."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0135(COD)", 
      "seq": 50, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Malika Benarab-Attou", 
      "date": "2011-10-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(17) The Office should offer a forum that", 
        "brings together public authorities in", 
        "cooperation with stakeholders as a whole,", 
        "including representatives of civil society,", 
        "ensuring the collection, analysis and", 
        "dissemination of relevant objective,", 
        "comparable and reliable data regarding the", 
        "value of intellectual property rights and the", 
        "infringements of those rights, the", 
        "development of best practices and", 
        "strategies to protect intellectual property", 
        "rights, and raising public awareness of the", 
        "impacts of intellectual property rights", 
        "infringements and the implications", 
        "entailed in the enforcement of measures", 
        "relating to such infringements within the", 
        "economy and in the research and health", 
        "sectors, not least in developing countries.", 
        "Furthermore, the Office should fulfil", 
        "additional tasks, such as to improve the", 
        "understanding of the value of intellectual", 
        "property rights, enhance the expertise of", 
        "persons involved in the enforcement of", 
        "intellectual property rights by appropriate", 
        "training measures, increase knowledge on", 
        "techniques to prevent counterfeiting, and", 
        "improve cooperation with third countries", 
        "and international organisations."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 17"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.123%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(18) With regard to representatives of the", 
        "private sector, the Office should involve,", 
        "when assembling the Observatory in the", 
        "context of its activities, a representative", 
        "selection of the economic sectors most", 
        "concerned by and most experienced in the", 
        "fight against infringements of intellectual", 
        "property rights, in particular", 
        "representatives of right holders and Internet", 
        "service providers. Also, a proper", 
        "representation of consumers and of small", 
        "and medium sized enterprises should be", 
        "ensured."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0135(COD)", 
      "seq": 55, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Malika Benarab-Attou", 
      "date": "2011-10-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(18) With regard to representatives of the", 
        "private sector, the Office should involve,", 
        "when assembling the Observatory in the", 
        "context of its activities, a representative", 
        "selection of economic, social, and cultural", 
        "sectors, especially those which might be", 
        "most concerned by infringements of", 
        "intellectual property rights and in", 
        "particular representatives of right holders", 
        "and Internet service providers. Also, a", 
        "proper representation of small and medium-", 
        "sized enterprises should be ensured. With", 
        "regard to representatives of civil society", 
        "and in accordance with Article 11 of the", 
        "Treaty on European Union, the Office", 
        "should, when assembling the Observatory,", 
        "make the necessary arrangements for the", 
        "representation of consumer and user", 
        "protection bodies, organisations and", 
        "associations working in the field of data", 
        "protection, the social partners, and", 
        "cultural operators, including those in the", 
        "voluntary sector."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 18"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.123%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(a) improving the understanding on the", 
        "scope and impact of infringements of", 
        "intellectual property rights, protected under", 
        "European Union law or the national laws of", 
        "the Member States, including industrial", 
        "property rights, copyright and rights related", 
        "to copyright;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0135(COD)", 
      "seq": 63, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Malika Benarab-Attou", 
      "date": "2011-10-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(a) improving the understanding on the", 
        "scope and impact of, and the enforcement", 
        "of measures to combat, infringements of", 
        "intellectual property rights protected under", 
        "European Union law or the national laws of", 
        "the Member States, including industrial", 
        "property rights, copyright and rights related", 
        "to copyright;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point a"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(b) improving the understanding on the", 
        "value of intellectual property;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0135(COD)", 
      "seq": 66, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Malika Benarab-Attou, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-10-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(b) improving the understanding on the", 
        "value of intellectual property and", 
        "knowledge about the impact of", 
        "infringements of intellectual property", 
        "rights on creativity and innovation within", 
        "the Union;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 point b"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "Consumer organisations and small and", 
        "medium sized enterprises shall be properly", 
        "represented."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0135(COD)", 
      "seq": 113, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Malika Benarab-Attou", 
      "date": "2011-10-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Small and medium-sized enterprises,", 
        "consumer and user protection bodies,", 
        "organisations and associations working in", 
        "the field of data protection, the social", 
        "partners, and cultural operators,", 
        "including those in the voluntary sector,", 
        "shall be properly represented."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 4 \u2013 paragraph 2 \u2013 subparagraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(8) Cinematographic, audio and", 
        "audiovisual works in the archives of public", 
        "service broadcasting organisations and", 
        "produced by them include orphan works.", 
        "Taking into account the special position of", 
        "broadcasters as producers of audio and", 
        "audiovisual material and the need to adopt", 
        "measures to limit the phenomena of orphan", 
        "works in the future, it is appropriate to set a", 
        "cut off date relating to the application of", 
        "this Directive as far as the works in the", 
        "archives of broadcasting organisations are", 
        "concerned."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0136(COD)", 
      "seq": 72, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-10-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(8) Cinematographic, audio and", 
        "audiovisual works in the archives of public", 
        "service broadcasting organisations and", 
        "produced by them include orphan works.", 
        "Taking into account the special position of", 
        "broadcasters as producers of audio and", 
        "audiovisual material and the need to adopt", 
        "measures to limit the phenomena of orphan", 
        "works in the future, it is appropriate to set a", 
        "cut off date relating to the application of", 
        "this Directive as far as the works in the", 
        "archives of public service broadcasting", 
        "organisations are concerned."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "3. This Directive is without prejudice to the", 
        "freedom of contract of such organisations", 
        "in the pursuit of their public interest", 
        "missions."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0136(COD)", 
      "seq": 193, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-10-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. This Directive is without prejudice to the", 
        "pursuit of public interest missions notably", 
        "as a result of national public funds being", 
        "set up for the digitisation and", 
        "dissemination of orphan works."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Article 6 \u2013 paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "1. Member States may authorise the", 
        "organisations referred to in Article 1(1) to", 
        "use an orphan work for purposes other than", 
        "those referred to in Article 6(2), provided", 
        "that:"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/0136(COD)", 
      "seq": 202, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-10-14T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Member States may authorise the", 
        "organisations referred to in Article 1(1) to", 
        "use an orphan work for purposes other than", 
        "those referred to in Article 6(2), if this use", 
        "still complies with their public service", 
        "remit, provided that:"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Article 7 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 introductory wording"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "1. Underlines that pan-European", 
        "eGovernment platforms improve access to", 
        "public service information (PSI), policies,", 
        "government communication, culture and", 
        "education, as well as contributing to", 
        "government efficiency and enhancing", 
        "democratisation by empowering citizens in", 
        "the policy-making process;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2178(INI)", 
      "seq": 1, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Underlines that pan-European", 
        "eGovernment platforms could facilitate", 
        "access to public service information (PSI),", 
        "policies, communication by the public", 
        "authorities and cultural and educational", 
        "activities, as well as contributing to", 
        "government efficiency and empowering", 
        "citizens in the policy-making process;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2178(INI)", 
      "seq": 7, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Stresses the need to take account of", 
        "the digital divide and to combat it; stresses", 
        "that, in this context, on-line", 
        "administrative services should not replace", 
        "physically-based services but complement", 
        "them, meeting the specific needs of users", 
        "as fully as possible;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-473.889%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2178(INI)", 
      "seq": 16, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2a. Calls on the Commission and Member", 
        "States, by institutional means, to", 
        "encourage public administrations and", 
        "establishments and local authorities to", 
        "develop and use as a priority open-source", 
        "software and open standards;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-473.889%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "5. Calls on the Commission to include", 
        "educational institutions and cultural", 
        "establishments within the scope of", 
        "Directive 2003/98/EC and provide", 
        "subsidies or stimulate investment where", 
        "needed;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2178(INI)", 
      "seq": 30, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-11-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Calls on the Commission to do", 
        "everything possible to maintain the", 
        "exclusion of educational institutions and", 
        "cultural establishments from the scope of", 
        "Directive 2003/98/EC;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-470.047%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2020(BUD)", 
      "seq": 5, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-12-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Points out the importance of cultural", 
        "policies, especially public policies, for", 
        "education and training, and for universal", 
        "access to culture, and considers that such", 
        "policies should never be sacrificed in the", 
        "name of budgetary rigour, especially", 
        "given their relatively minor weight in", 
        "budgetary terms;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.077%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2157(INI)", 
      "seq": 5, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Calls for a review of the obstacles to", 
        "mobility, particularly the overly complex", 
        "administrative procedures for issuing", 
        "visas, both for students and researchers as", 
        "well as for artists and live performance", 
        "organisations, and calls on the Member", 
        "States to simplify these procedures and", 
        "make them consistent; highlights, at the", 
        "same time, the risk of \u2018brain drain\u2019 and its", 
        "consequences for the countries of origin", 
        "of the young people concerned, and", 
        "recommends strategies to help young", 
        "people in particular, including in their", 
        "countries of origin;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.077%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "2. Affirms that the EU programmes for", 
        "young people have had a great impact on", 
        "enhancing educational opportunities for", 
        "youth; appeals to the Member States,", 
        "therefore, to enable students from ENP", 
        "countries to have access to education in", 
        "Europe;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2157(INI)", 
      "seq": 7, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Affirms that the EU education, training", 
        "and youth programmes have encouraged", 
        "exchange and cooperation and promoted", 
        "the sharing of experience and good", 
        "practice with ENP countries; appeals to", 
        "the Member States, therefore, to enable", 
        "students from ENP countries to have", 
        "access to education in Europe;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.077%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2157(INI)", 
      "seq": 25, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4a. Stresses the importance of", 
        "strengthening, within the ENP", 
        "framework, cooperation for the", 
        "development of sport in the countries", 
        "concerned in view of the educational", 
        "value of sporting activities; calls on the", 
        "European institutions and the Member", 
        "States to work for the free movement of", 
        "athletes worldwide, beginning with those", 
        "from the ENP countries, and the", 
        "elimination of all global trafficking in", 
        "young athletes;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.077%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2157(INI)", 
      "seq": 26, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4b. Considers international, regional and", 
        "interregional cultural cooperation based", 
        "on a genuine dialogue between cultures", 
        "and including all sectors of society", 
        "(cultural authorities, institutions,", 
        "organisations and associations) to be", 
        "essential; calls, in this regard, on the ENP", 
        "countries to sign and ratify the Unesco", 
        "Convention on the Protection and", 
        "Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural", 
        "Expressions;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "6. Calls on the EEAS to support the efforts", 
        "of civil society, free media and non-", 
        "governmental organisations to introduce", 
        "a democratic system and the rule of law in", 
        "all those countries of the ENP where", 
        "fundamental freedoms and human rights", 
        "are being violated; recognises with", 
        "concern the process of restriction of", 
        "freedom of speech and harassment of", 
        "opposition in, for example, Belarus."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2157(INI)", 
      "seq": 39, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Calls on the EEAS to promote a", 
        "constructive exchange with the authorities", 
        "of ENP countries and to establish", 
        "partnerships with representatives of civil", 
        "society, including cultural actors, in order", 
        "to strengthen the dialogue on human", 
        "rights and fundamental freedoms and, in", 
        "particular, to ensure respect for media", 
        "freedom and, more generally, the freedom", 
        "of speech and access to information;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-472.077%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2157(INI)", 
      "seq": 45, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6a. Stresses the need to devise effective", 
        "strategies for intercultural talks, including", 
        "in the ENP context, and considers that a", 
        "multicultural approach to this task may", 
        "have a favourable impact on all relations", 
        "with third country partners."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-470.057%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "\u2013 having regard to the case-law of the EU", 
        "Court of Justice and the Tribunal and the", 
        "Commission\u2019s decisions on sports matters,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 6, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 having regard to the case-law of the EU", 
        "Court of Justice and the Tribunal \u2013 and in", 
        "particular the judgment of the Court of", 
        "8 September 2009 in Case C-42/07,", 
        "reference for a preliminary ruling,", 
        "Article 49 EC, restrictions on the freedom", 
        "to provide services, offer of games of", 
        "chance via the internet \u2013 and the", 
        "Commission\u2019s decisions on sports matters,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Citation 15 "
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-470.057%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 28, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ea. whereas the Court of Justice in its", 
        "judgment of 8 September 2009 stated that", 
        "gambling is an area in which \u2018moral,", 
        "religious and cultural differences\u2019 may", 
        "exist between Member States, implying", 
        "that the fact of an online gambling", 
        "operator offering a service in one country", 
        "is not a sufficient ground for permitting it", 
        "to operate in another Member State in the", 
        "absence of EU-wide harmonisation \u2013", 
        "given not only that states are entitled to", 
        "regulate gambling but also that the", 
        "adoption of general bans for purposes of", 
        "protecting the public is acceptable and", 
        "does not create any distortion of", 
        "competition, and given that the", 
        "authorisation of gambling on a monopoly", 
        "basis is proportionate to the aim of", 
        "combating crime and \u2018has the advantage", 
        "of confining the operation of gambling", 
        "within controlled channels and of", 
        "preventing the risk of fraud or crime in", 
        "the context of such operation\u2019,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-470.057%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 31, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Fa. whereas acts of violence, and", 
        "specifically the sexual violence to which", 
        "women are subject in certain sports", 
        "disciplines, deserve particularly forceful", 
        "condemnation, as they are incompatible", 
        "with sports ethics,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital F a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-470.057%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "G. whereas sport plays an important part in", 
        "the European economy, as it directly or", 
        "indirectly employs 15 million people, i.e.", 
        "5.4% of the working population, and", 
        "represents an annual added value of", 
        "approximately \u20ac 407 billion, or 3.65% of", 
        "Europe\u2019s GDP,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 34, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "G. whereas sport plays an important part in", 
        "the European economy, as it directly or", 
        "indirectly employs 15 million people, i.e.", 
        "5.4% of the working population, and", 
        "represents an annual added value of", 
        "approximately \u20ac 407 billion, or 3.65% of", 
        "Europe\u2019s GDP; whereas, however, that", 
        "should not obscure the fact that", 
        "volunteers play an irreplaceable role both", 
        "in running clubs and at major events,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital G"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "K. whereas the specific nature of sport", 
        "arises from the sum of sport\u2019s individual", 
        "and essential aspects which make it", 
        "different from all other sectors of", 
        "economic activity, and must be considered", 
        "on a case-by-base basis,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 51, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "K. whereas the specific nature of sport", 
        "arises from the sum of sport\u2019s individual", 
        "and essential aspects which make it", 
        "different from all other sectors of activity,", 
        "including economic activities, and must be", 
        "considered on a case-by-base basis,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital K"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 88, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Emphasises that physical activity and", 
        "sport are essential to the education and", 
        "health of human beings at every stage of", 
        "their lives, contributing to their social,", 
        "physical and mental development;", 
        "considers, therefore, that physical", 
        "education and the practice of physical", 
        "activity and sport should, to a large extent,", 
        "be part of the public-service remit so as to", 
        "offer equality of access to everyone from", 
        "the earliest years onwards;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 90, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1b. Calls on the Member States to invest", 
        "more in the development of sports", 
        "infrastructure and the practice of sport;", 
        "considers it necessary, therefore, to", 
        "implement strategic plans for building", 
        "both neighbourhood facilities and", 
        "national-scale infrastructure, with careful", 
        "linkage between the two, while making", 
        "available sufficient public funding to", 
        "develop both amateur and high-level sport", 
        "and to ensure that not only the wealthy", 
        "are able to use sports facilities;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 93, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1c. Calls on the Member States to foster a", 
        "pro-active policy for affording women", 
        "equal access to all sports disciplines and", 
        "giving women\u2019s and men\u2019s sports results", 
        "equal prominence;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1 c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. Calls on sports organisations to pay", 
        "attention to the needs of disabled", 
        "sportspeople;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 95, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Calls on sports organisations to ensure", 
        "that all sportspeople are guaranteed equal", 
        "treatment, taking particular care to", 
        "ensure that those who suffer most from", 
        "discrimination, notably people with", 
        "disabilities, have equal access to sport and", 
        "sports facilities;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "3. Stresses the need to support the fight", 
        "against doping, while respecting athletes\u2019", 
        "individual freedom; urges the Member", 
        "States to treat trafficking in illegal", 
        "performance-enhancing substances in the", 
        "same way as trafficking in illegal drugs and", 
        "to adopt national legislation to this end;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 110, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Urges the Member States and sports", 
        "organisations to commit themselves", 
        "resolutely to the fight against doping, while", 
        "respecting athletes\u2019 individual freedom;", 
        "urges the Member States to treat trafficking", 
        "in illegal performance-enhancing", 
        "substances in the same way as trafficking", 
        "in illegal drugs and to adopt national", 
        "legislation to this end;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "5. Calls on Member States to refuse access", 
        "to stadiums to supporters who have", 
        "displayed violent or discriminatory", 
        "behaviour and to set up a European", 
        "database of those who have been banned;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 144, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Calls on Member States to refuse access", 
        "to stadiums to supporters who have", 
        "displayed violent or discriminatory", 
        "behaviour and to ensure that individual", 
        "rights and freedoms are respected \u2013 in", 
        "particular, guaranteeing the protection of", 
        "personal data in any tools introduced for", 
        "the enforcement of stadium bans;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-470.057%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "8. Considers that sportspeople should be", 
        "entitled to the same social security rights as", 
        "workers;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 182, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Considers that sportspeople should be", 
        "entitled to the same social security rights as", 
        "workers; opposes any form of tax", 
        "exemption or reduction in the social", 
        "security contributions levied on the", 
        "earnings of professional sportspeople;", 
        "urges the Member States to safeguard the", 
        "freedom of sportspeople and their agents", 
        "in the face of sports clubs\u2019 interests, by", 
        "prohibiting the latter from having agents", 
        "act on their behalf;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "9. Underlines the fundamental importance", 
        "of commercial exploitation of audiovisual", 
        "rights for sports competitions being carried", 
        "out on a centralised, exclusive and", 
        "territorial basis;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 192, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "9. Underlines the fundamental importance", 
        "of commercial exploitation of audiovisual", 
        "rights for sports competitions being carried", 
        "out on a centralised, exclusive and", 
        "territorial basis; highlights the need for", 
        "television broadcasts of female and male", 
        "sports events to be treated on an equal", 
        "footing;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 9"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-470.057%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 197, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "9a. Calls on the Member States to take", 
        "effective action to fight corruption and", 
        "promote ethics in sport; regards it as", 
        "essential, therefore, that each country", 
        "introduce strict rules on the financial", 
        "supervision of sports clubs;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 9 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-470.057%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "10. Considers that betting on sport is a", 
        "form of commercial exploitation of", 
        "competitions and calls on the Commission", 
        "and the Member States to protect betting", 
        "from unauthorised activities, in particular", 
        "by recognising organisers\u2019 intellectual", 
        "property rights with regard to their", 
        "competitions, guaranteeing a significant", 
        "contribution from betting operators", 
        "towards funding mass-participation sport", 
        "and by protection the integrity of", 
        "competitions;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 203, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "10. Considers that betting on sport is a", 
        "form of commercial exploitation of", 
        "competitions and calls on the Commission", 
        "and the Member States to protect the", 
        "integrity of competitions by punishing", 
        "unauthorised activities, in particular by", 
        "recognising organisers\u2019 intellectual", 
        "property rights with regard to their", 
        "competitions; stresses, therefore, that", 
        "sports betting should be a state monopoly,", 
        "as emphasised in the CJEC judgment of", 
        "8 September 2009;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 10"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 240, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "14a. Takes the view that imposing a", 
        "ceiling on sportspeople\u2019s earnings would", 
        "promote good governance and ethics in", 
        "sport as well as helping to fight", 
        "corruption;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 14 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-470.057%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "23. Calls on the Commission and the", 
        "Member States to include on the agenda for", 
        "cooperation with non-member States", 
        "problems such as international player", 
        "transfers, exploitation of underage players,", 
        "piracy and illegal betting;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 300, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "23. Calls on the Commission and the", 
        "Member States to include on the agenda for", 
        "cooperation with non-member States", 
        "problems such as international player", 
        "transfers, exploitation of underage players,", 
        "piracy and illegal betting; also stresses the", 
        "need to step up international cooperation", 
        "with regard to the promotion of sport in", 
        "developing countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 23"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-470.057%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "24. Calls on clubs to ensure compliance", 
        "with immigration laws when they recruit", 
        "young people from non-member States", 
        "and to ensure that they return to their", 
        "country of origin under satisfactory", 
        "conditions if their career does not take off;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2087(INI)", 
      "seq": 306, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-09-09T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "24. Calls on the EU institutions and the", 
        "Member States to promote the free", 
        "movement of athletes around the world", 
        "and the elimination of all forms of global", 
        "trafficking in young athletes; calls for", 
        "young athletes to be able to return to their", 
        "country of origin under satisfactory", 
        "conditions, if they so wish, in particular if", 
        "their career does not take off;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 24"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "A. whereas young people, in order to", 
        "participate fully in society, must possess a", 
        "broad spectrum of knowledge and essential", 
        "skills, including effective communication,", 
        "problem-solving and the ability to critically", 
        "evaluate information,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 8, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "A. whereas young people, in order to", 
        "participate fully in society, must possess a", 
        "broad spectrum of knowledge and skills", 
        "essential for their intellectual and social", 
        "development, including enhancing their", 
        "effective communication and their", 
        "problem-solving skills and the ability to", 
        "critically evaluate information,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 11, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Aa. whereas the role of schools should not", 
        "be as places of social reproduction but as", 
        "forums for individual and collective", 
        "inclusion and integration into society and", 
        "hence for enhancing the cultural, social", 
        "and economic capital of all,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "B. whereas rates of early school leaving", 
        "(ESL) vary across EU Member States, as", 
        "well as between towns and regions, and are", 
        "influenced by a range of complex factors,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 13, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "B. whereas rates of early school leaving", 
        "(ESL) vary across EU Member States, as", 
        "well as between towns and regions and", 
        "between the socio-economic categories of", 
        "their inhabitants, and are influenced by a", 
        "range of complex factors,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital B"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "F. whereas ESL has severe consequences", 
        "not only for the EU\u2019s economic growth,", 
        "the European skills base and social stability", 
        "but also for the career paths and well-", 
        "being of young people, as lack of", 
        "education is also a key cause of poverty,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 19, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "F. whereas ESL has severe consequences", 
        "for the EU\u2019s social cohesion and not just", 
        "for economic growth, the European skills", 
        "base and social stability, as it damages the", 
        "career prospects and well-being of young", 
        "people, a low level of education also being", 
        "a key cause of poverty,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital F"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "1. Highlights that the foundations for a", 
        "child\u2019s future educational career are laid in", 
        "the early years of childhood, and reiterates", 
        "the call contained in its resolution on Early", 
        "Years Learning in the EU for the", 
        "development of a European framework for", 
        "early childhood education and care", 
        "services;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 28, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Highlights that the foundations for a", 
        "child\u2019s future educational career are laid in", 
        "the early years of childhood, and reiterates", 
        "the call contained in its resolution on Early", 
        "Years Learning in the EU for the", 
        "development of a European framework for", 
        "early childhood education and care services", 
        "from as early an age as possible,", 
        "particularly by developing free public", 
        "cr\u00e8che and day-care facilities;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-467.197%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "6. States that equality of opportunities in", 
        "education for individuals of all", 
        "backgrounds is vital in creating an equal", 
        "society;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 46, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. States that equality of access to high", 
        "quality education for individuals of all", 
        "backgrounds is vital in creating an equal", 
        "society, and stresses the role played by", 
        "public services in this field particularly in", 
        "view of the fact that they are free of", 
        "charge;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "7. Calls for a personalised and inclusive", 
        "approach to education which includes", 
        "targeted support where necessary;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 52, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Calls for a personalised and inclusive", 
        "approach to education which includes", 
        "targeted support where appropriate or", 
        "necessary;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "8. Suggests that each secondary school set", 
        "up a counselling service to enable students", 
        "with personal problems to talk them", 
        "through in confidence; stresses that staff", 
        "providing counselling must have adequate", 
        "training;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 61, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Does not affect English text"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "10. Encourages better career guidance and", 
        "work experience schemes at school, in", 
        "order to demystify the world of work for", 
        "pupils and motivate them to set realistic", 
        "goals;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 68, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "10. Encourages better career guidance and", 
        "cultural and educational visit and", 
        "exchange schemes paid for by the school,", 
        "in order to demystify the world of work for", 
        "pupils and thus enable them to make", 
        "informed career choices;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 10"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "11. Suggests that mentoring schemes be set", 
        "up in schools to provide students with", 
        "exposure to high-achieving individuals,", 
        "especially if they were formerly at their", 
        "educational institution;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 76, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "11. Suggests that mentoring schemes be set", 
        "up in schools to provide pupils with", 
        "exposure particularly to former pupils in", 
        "order to exchange views on different", 
        "possible study and career options;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "13. Suggests that other redistributive", 
        "measures be introduced, such as the", 
        "provision of free school meals and school", 
        "books for disadvantaged groups, to reduce", 
        "the impact of social inequality and to", 
        "minimise ESL;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 89, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "13. Suggests that other redistributive", 
        "measures be introduced, such as the", 
        "provision of free school meals and school", 
        "books, to reduce the impact of social", 
        "inequality while also combating the risks", 
        "of stigmatisation these pupils face;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 13"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "15. Highlights that a variety of agents in", 
        "society are responsible for children leaving", 
        "school prematurely, including not only", 
        "parents and schools but also local", 
        "authorities, and calls for closer cooperation", 
        "between all these actors, together with", 
        "local health and social services; notes that a", 
        "\u2018joined-up\u2019 approach can be effective in", 
        "helping individuals overcome multiple", 
        "barriers to educational achievement and", 
        "employment;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 99, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "15. Highlights that there are many actors", 
        "who can take steps against children", 
        "leaving school prematurely; these include", 
        "not only parents and all those involved in", 
        "education but also public authorities, both", 
        "national and local, and calls for closer", 
        "cooperation between all these actors,", 
        "together with local health and social", 
        "services ; notes that a \u2018joined-up\u2019 approach", 
        "can be effective in helping individuals", 
        "concerned to overcome multiple barriers to", 
        "educational achievement and employment;", 
        "in this connection, stresses the importance", 
        "of student grants which enable children", 
        "from disadvantaged backgrounds to have", 
        "the same rights as others;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 15"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 106, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "15a. Encourages Member States to", 
        "undertake measures to counter the", 
        "stereotypes held by people from the most", 
        "disadvantaged socio-cultural backgrounds", 
        "which steer them at an early stage towards", 
        "short vocational training courses despite", 
        "their children's educational", 
        "achievements;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 15 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "16. Recognises that mapping the", 
        "interventions provided in Member States", 
        "by different sectors of the community can", 
        "be difficult; stresses the need for better EU-", 
        "wide coordination between these various", 
        "services, as well as better coordination", 
        "within Member States;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 111, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16. Recognises that mapping the", 
        "interventions provided in Member States", 
        "by different actors can be difficult; stresses", 
        "the need for better EU-wide coordination", 
        "between these various services, as well as", 
        "better coordination within Member States;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "17. Encourages Member States to invest in", 
        "qualified and well-trained staff for both", 
        "preschool and compulsory education;", 
        "suggests that teaching assistants be", 
        "employed in schools to work with", 
        "struggling pupils and to assist classroom", 
        "teachers in their work;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 124, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "17. Encourages Member States to invest in", 
        "qualified and well-trained staff for both", 
        "preschool and compulsory education;", 
        "stresses the importance of children", 
        "entering a school environment from an", 
        "early age and suggests that teaching", 
        "assistants be employed in schools to work", 
        "with struggling pupils and to assist", 
        "classroom teachers in their work;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 17"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "18. Notes that students must be made", 
        "aware of the range of career options open", 
        "to them and suggests that schools forge", 
        "partnerships with local companies and", 
        "organisations, enabling students to meet", 
        "professionals from different fields;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 131, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "18. Notes that students must be made", 
        "aware of the range of career options open", 
        "to them and suggests that schools forge", 
        "partnerships with local authorities,", 
        "organisations and associations, enabling", 
        "pupils to meet professionals from different", 
        "fields;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 18"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "19. Highlights the importance of", 
        "appropriate group sizes and a stimulating", 
        "learning environment for young people;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 136, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "19. Highlights the importance of", 
        "appropriate group sizes and a stimulating", 
        "learning environment for young people and", 
        "hence expresses severe criticism of the", 
        "disbanding and merging of classes and", 
        "elimination of teaching posts that has", 
        "occurred in several European countries;", 
        "points out that a good teacher recruitment", 
        "plan must be able to satisfy pupils\u2019 needs;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 19"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 142, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "20a. Stresses the importance of", 
        "developing and supporting activities", 
        "outside the education system aimed at", 
        "reducing school truancy rates; considers", 
        "that access for all to extra-curricular", 
        "activities, be these sports, cultural or", 
        "simply leisure activities, is particularly", 
        "important for the education and", 
        "development of the child;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 20 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "21. Stresses the importance of varied", 
        "educational pathways for students,", 
        "combining academic and vocational skills", 
        "training, and calls on schools, where", 
        "possible, to match educational", 
        "programmes with labour market demand;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 146, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "21. Stresses the importance of varied", 
        "educational pathways for school children,", 
        "combining general and vocational training,", 
        "and is convinced that it is a judicious", 
        "blend of the two, based on a pupil\u2019s age", 
        "and strengths, that offers them the best", 
        "chance of a securing a high-quality job;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 21"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "24. Calls on Member States to develop a", 
        "means of reintegrating early school leavers", 
        "into the school system, such as through", 
        "\u2018second-chance\u2019 schools;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 165, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-07-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "24. Calls on Member States to implement", 
        "means of reintegrating early school leavers", 
        "into the school system, through suitable", 
        "programmes such as \u2018second-chance\u2019", 
        "schools;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 24"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. Emphasises that Europe must have", 
        "educated citizens in order to boost", 
        "economic growth and recalls that it is", 
        "essential to make basic education", 
        "accessible for all;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2071(INI)", 
      "seq": 2, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-06-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Emphasises that Europe must have", 
        "educated citizens in order to improve", 
        "access to employment, which is a", 
        "prerequisite for boosting economic", 
        "growth, and recalls that universal access to", 
        "education is a fundamental right and that", 
        "it is essential to promote the widest", 
        "possible access to education at all levels,", 
        "including at university;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "4. Emphasises the importance of continued", 
        "and significant investments in teacher", 
        "education, training and lifelong learning", 
        "while maintaining co-ordinated, EU-wide", 
        "efforts to achieve other common", 
        "educational goals;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2071(INI)", 
      "seq": 7, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-06-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Emphasises the importance of continued", 
        "and significant investments, and most", 
        "importantly of public investment, in", 
        "teacher education, training and lifelong", 
        "learning while maintaining co-ordinated,", 
        "EU-wide efforts to achieve other common", 
        "educational goals;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "5. Insists that the role of education, from", 
        "the early years of development to primary", 
        "and higher education as well as vocational", 
        "training and adult learning, should be", 
        "further exploited within the Single", 
        "Market;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2071(INI)", 
      "seq": 12, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-06-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Insists that the role of education, from", 
        "the earliest years of development through", 
        "to higher education and including", 
        "vocational training, as well as that of", 
        "lifelong learning, should be developed", 
        "and should be underpinned by real", 
        "political determination;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "6. While stressing the need for much more", 
        "ambitious goals, notes the common target", 
        "to reduce early school leaving to less than", 
        "10% by 2020 and urges the Commission to", 
        "consider the vast differences among the", 
        "Member States and therefore ensure that", 
        "any criteria that measure achievements are", 
        "comparable and that it takes into account", 
        "the long-term perspective;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2071(INI)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-06-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. While stressing the need for much more", 
        "ambitious goals, notes the common target", 
        "to reduce early school leaving to less than", 
        "10% by 2020 and urges the Commission to", 
        "consider the vast differences among and", 
        "within the Member States, paying", 
        "particular attention to disadvantaged", 
        "groups including migrants and Roma, and", 
        "therefore ensure that any criteria that", 
        "measure achievements are comparable and", 
        "that it takes into account the long-term", 
        "perspective;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "7. Encourages universities to conduct more", 
        "basic research, which forms the foundation", 
        "for a knowledge- and innovation-based", 
        "economy, where the number of young", 
        "people with a university degree or diploma", 
        "must be increased to 40% by 2020."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2071(INI)", 
      "seq": 22, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-06-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Encourages universities \u2013 having due", 
        "regard, in accordance with the principle", 
        "of subsidiarity, to their independence and", 
        "their specificities \u2013 to conduct more basic", 
        "research, which forms the foundation for a", 
        "knowledge- and innovation-based", 
        "economy, where the number of young", 
        "people with a university degree or diploma", 
        "must be increased to 40% by 2020."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2071(INI)", 
      "seq": 24, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-06-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7a. Points out the importance of cultural", 
        "policies, especially public policies, for", 
        "education and training, and for universal", 
        "access to culture, and considers that such", 
        "policies should never be sacrificed in the", 
        "name of budgetary rigour, especially", 
        "given their relatively minor weight in", 
        "budgetary terms."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 7 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "1. Points out that investing in education", 
        "and training and forecasting skills needs", 
        "are crucial if the EU 2020 Strategy", 
        "commitment of improving education", 
        "levels, i.e. reducing school drop-out rates", 
        "to 10 % or less and increasing completion", 
        "rates for tertiary or equivalent education to", 
        "at least 40 %, is to be met;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2067(INI)", 
      "seq": 3, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-06-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Points out that making a substantial", 
        "and, in particular, public investment in", 
        "education and training and forecasting", 
        "skills needs are crucial if the EU 2020", 
        "Strategy commitment of improving", 
        "education levels, i.e. reducing school drop-", 
        "out rates to 10 % or less and increasing", 
        "completion rates for tertiary or equivalent", 
        "education to at least 40 %, is to be met;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2067(INI)", 
      "seq": 5, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-06-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Stresses the vital importance of", 
        "guaranteeing equal, universal access to", 
        "high-quality State education and to", 
        "lifelong learning so that individuals can", 
        "develop socially and intellectually and", 
        "acquire the skills they need to enter", 
        "working life;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. Considers that the measures proposed in", 
        "the Commission communication will", 
        "require strong policy coordination;", 
        "therefore urges Member States, and", 
        "particularly their relevant ministries, to", 
        "become more closely involved in the", 
        "process of early identification of skills", 
        "needs; strongly believes that when", 
        "education and training programmes are", 
        "being designed effective communication", 
        "between employers and education", 
        "institutions, using specific mechanisms, is", 
        "essential;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2067(INI)", 
      "seq": 8, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-06-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Considers that the measures proposed in", 
        "the Commission communication will", 
        "require strong policy coordination;", 
        "therefore calls on Member States, and", 
        "particularly their relevant ministries, to", 
        "incorporate into their education, training", 
        "and lifelong learning programmes the", 
        "teaching of cross-cutting skills relating to", 
        "the use of ICTs, artistic expression,", 
        "mobility, democratic participation and", 
        "multiculturalism; stresses, with that aim", 
        "in view, that it is essential that the", 
        "competences and skills acquired by means", 
        "of informal and non-formal education", 
        "should be recognised and exploited;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "4. Recalls that universities can play a key", 
        "role in the regional economies of Member", 
        "States and that universities are unique", 
        "places where innovation, education and", 
        "research come together and can lead to job", 
        "creation; points out that cooperation", 
        "between universities, regions, governments", 
        "and businesses is fundamental;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2067(INI)", 
      "seq": 26, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-06-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Recalls that universities can play a key", 
        "role in the regional economies of Member", 
        "States and that universities are unique", 
        "places where innovation, education and", 
        "research come together and can lead to job", 
        "creation; points out that cooperation", 
        "between universities, regions,", 
        "governments, the social partners,", 
        "associations and businesses is", 
        "fundamental;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "8. Acknowledges that higher education", 
        "systems have the potential to prepare", 
        "people for the world of work: for instance,", 
        "SMEs with no R&D facilities can benefit", 
        "from university research resources and", 
        "expertise, and SMEs can offer students", 
        "internships and employment opportunities;", 
        "calls, therefore, for closer cooperation", 
        "between higher education institutions and", 
        "SMEs."
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2067(INI)", 
      "seq": 51, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-06-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Acknowledges that higher education", 
        "systems have the potential to prepare", 
        "people for the world of work: for instance,", 
        "SMEs with no R&D facilities can benefit", 
        "from university research resources and", 
        "expertise, and SMEs can offer students", 
        "high-quality internships which enable", 
        "them to build on their education and", 
        "opportunities to secure decent", 
        "employment on completion of their", 
        "studies; calls, therefore, for closer", 
        "cooperation between higher education", 
        "institutions and SMEs."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "C. whereas Youth on the Move (YoM)", 
        "reinforces the existing EU Youth Strategy", 
        "(COM(2009)0200) by equipping young", 
        "people with the knowledge and skills", 
        "needed to access the labour market,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 5, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "C. whereas Youth on the Move (YoM)", 
        "reinforces the existing EU Youth Strategy", 
        "(COM(2009)0200) by equipping young", 
        "people with the knowledge and skills", 
        "needed to, in particular, access the labour", 
        "market,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital C"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "L. whereas volunteering represents an", 
        "important opportunity to acquire more", 
        "competences, helping people to develop a", 
        "sense of social responsibility, especially", 
        "within the framework of the European", 
        "Year of Volunteering 2011,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 26, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "L. whereas volunteering represents an", 
        "important opportunity to acquire more", 
        "competences through formal and informal", 
        "learning, to take on social responsibility,", 
        "to understand the importance of", 
        "European integration and to play an", 
        "active role as European citizens in a wide", 
        "range of areas, and whereas that", 
        "opportunity should be promoted,", 
        "especially within the framework of the", 
        "European Year of Volunteering 2011"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital L"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-460.798%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 31, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ma. whereas a large number of young", 
        "people find themselves trapped in long-", 
        "term unemployment, insecure", 
        "employment or underemployment and are", 
        "having to cope with financial and housing", 
        "problems,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital M a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-460.798%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 32, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Mb. whereas the number of young people", 
        "able to go abroad, in particular under EU", 
        "programmes, is not increasing fast", 
        "enough, and whereas there are major", 
        "disparities according to social group and", 
        "place of residence,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital M b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-460.798%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 38, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2a. Acknowledges the fact that one of the", 
        "goals of higher education must be to", 
        "ensure employability, but points out that it", 
        "must also nurture the creativity and", 
        "innovativeness of young people and help", 
        "them to develop intellectually and", 
        "socially;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-460.798%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "3. Recognises that the success of the YoM", 
        "initiative depends mostly on the", 
        "implementation of its key actions by the", 
        "Member States; therefore asks the", 
        "European Commission to closely monitor", 
        "and analyse crucial elements during", 
        "implementation with a view to helping", 
        "Member States in the process;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 43, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Recognises that the success of the YoM", 
        "initiative depends mostly on the", 
        "implementation of its key actions by the", 
        "Member States; therefore asks the", 
        "European Commission to introduce finely", 
        "tuned indicators and take other necessary", 
        "steps to closely monitor and analyse crucial", 
        "elements during implementation of these", 
        "key actions, with a view to helping", 
        "Member States in the process;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-460.798%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 62, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6a. Takes an extremely negative view of", 
        "the Commission\u2019s intention to establish,", 
        "in cooperation with the European", 
        "Investment Bank, a European student", 
        "loan system to supplement Member", 
        "States\u2019 schemes, and points out that", 
        "students should not be required to bear", 
        "any mobility costs;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 6 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-460.798%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 73, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7a. Underlines the importance of also", 
        "facilitating the mobility of teachers, youth", 
        "workers and social workers, because they", 
        "can act as catalysts for the young people", 
        "coming under their supervision;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-460.798%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "11. Points out the importance of taking", 
        "measures to ensure that students are mobile", 
        "and have an effective social and health", 
        "security system and full portability of", 
        "grants when they are abroad;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 99, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "11. Points out the importance of taking", 
        "measures to ensure that students are mobile", 
        "and have an effective social and health", 
        "security system and full portability of", 
        "grants when they are abroad; calls, in", 
        "particular, for proper consideration to be", 
        "given to the issue of access to mobility", 
        "opportunities for young people from", 
        "island regions;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-460.798%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "12. Recognises that disabled students, as", 
        "well as students with children, should be", 
        "afforded additional support to participate", 
        "in mobility;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 102, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "12. Recognises that disabled students, as", 
        "well as students with children, must be", 
        "afforded additional support in gaining", 
        "access to existing mobility programmes", 
        "and in taking full advantage of them and", 
        "striking a study-work-life balance;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 12"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-460.798%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "13. Underlines the importance of non-", 
        "formal education, such as intercultural", 
        "learning, in developing important skills and", 
        "competences;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 109, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "13. Underlines the importance of informal", 
        "and non-formal education, such as", 
        "intercultural learning, in developing", 
        "important skills and competences, and", 
        "calls for skills and competences acquired", 
        "in this manner to be included in the", 
        "Mobility Scoreboard;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 13"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-460.798%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "15. Welcomes the key new actions of the", 
        "YoM initiative, such as a unique and", 
        "central mobility website, a mobility card", 
        "and a European Skills Passport which all", 
        "upgrade useful and already existing", 
        "mobility tools;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 127, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "15. Hopes that the key new actions of the", 
        "YoM initiative, such as a unique and", 
        "central mobility website, a mobility card", 
        "and a European Skills Passport will ensure", 
        "more effective promotion of mobility", 
        "opportunities for all young people wishing", 
        "to take part, irrespective of their social", 
        "background; calls on the Commission to", 
        "conduct information campaigns aimed at", 
        "specific target groups, in particular in", 
        "less-privileged areas, with a view to", 
        "promoting ad hoc programmes more", 
        "effectively in those areas;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 15"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "16. Stresses the importance of beginning a", 
        "new, more constructive dialogue between", 
        "all stakeholders within the Bologna", 
        "process, taking stock from its positive", 
        "experience, as well as from its failures, in", 
        "order to further improve it;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 135, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16. Stresses the importance of beginning a", 
        "new, more constructive dialogue between", 
        "all stakeholders within the Bologna", 
        "process, in particular student and", 
        "teaching staff representatives, in order to", 
        "take stock of its positive experience, as", 
        "well as of its failures and promote access", 
        "to quality higher education for all those", 
        "wishing to gain such access;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "17. Strongly believes that autonomy of", 
        "universities is necessary but", 
        "simultaneously stresses the responsibility", 
        "of universities towards society;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 139, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "17. Strongly believes that autonomy of", 
        "universities is necessary, which does not", 
        "detract from the fact that they have a", 
        "responsibility towards society;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 17"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "18. Points out the need to find a balance", 
        "between higher education systems on one", 
        "hand and the needs of the economy and", 
        "society in general on the other through", 
        "adequate curricula for future skills and", 
        "jobs;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 143, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "18. Points out the need to find a balance", 
        "between higher education systems on one", 
        "hand and economic and social needs in", 
        "general on the other through curricula", 
        "geared to the acquisition of knowledge,", 
        "know-how, skills and experience;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 18"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "19. Calls on national, regional, and local", 
        "authorities to support and enhance", 
        "cooperation between universities and", 
        "business;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 148, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "19. Calls on national, regional, and local", 
        "authorities to support and enhance", 
        "dialogue between universities and all", 
        "stakeholders (teaching staff, students,", 
        "support staff, employers\u2019 organisations,", 
        "trade unions and civil-society", 
        "organisations), without in any way", 
        "undermining the independence of", 
        "universities;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 19"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "20. Encourages universities to bring their", 
        "programmes and structures closer to the", 
        "specific needs of the labour market and to", 
        "explore new methods of cooperation with", 
        "private and public companies;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 157, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "20. Encourages universities to establish,", 
        "alongside the existing study programmes", 
        "focusing on diversity of independent", 
        "research, additional programmes and", 
        "structures that are labour market-oriented,", 
        "and to explore new methods of cooperation", 
        "with all stakeholders;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 20"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "21. Suggests that, instead of the global", 
        "university ranking system, the Commission", 
        "introduces an information-based system on", 
        "European universities\u2019 programmes which", 
        "would, among other things, regularly report", 
        "to the public on the employability of", 
        "students on each programme;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 166, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "21. Suggests that, instead of the global", 
        "university ranking system, the Commission", 
        "introduces an information-based system on", 
        "European universities\u2019 programmes which", 
        "would, among other things, regularly report", 
        "to the public on the mobility opportunities", 
        "for and the employability of students on", 
        "each programme;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 21"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "25. Strongly stresses that the smooth", 
        "entrance of young people into the labour", 
        "market depends mainly on the", 
        "modernisation of VET institutions and", 
        "universities to ensure that their study", 
        "programmes match the needs of the labour", 
        "market;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 189, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "25. Strongly stresses that the smooth", 
        "entrance of young people into the labour", 
        "market depends partly on the ability of", 
        "VET institutions and universities to ensure,", 
        "among other things, that their study", 
        "programmes match the needs of the labour", 
        "market;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 25"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 203, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "27a. Stresses the need to combat, at all", 
        "levels, the provision of career guidance", 
        "based solely on gender criteria and to give", 
        "all young people, both male and female, a", 
        "comprehensive overview of the career", 
        "paths open to them;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 27 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "28. Invites tertiary education institutions to", 
        "introduce a period of high-quality", 
        "traineeship into all study programmes in", 
        "order to enable young people to meet, in", 
        "advance, the real and practical demands", 
        "of the working environment;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 206, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "28. Invites tertiary education institutions to", 
        "introduce a period of high-quality", 
        "traineeship into appropriate study", 
        "programmes in order to enable young", 
        "people to prepare themselves for working", 
        "life, but points out that such traineeships", 
        "must not take the place of real jobs and", 
        "must be combined with adequate pay and", 
        "welfare protection;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 28"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2307(INI)", 
      "seq": 223, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-03-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "29a. Notes the Commission\u2019s proposal to", 
        "encourage Member States to introduce a", 
        "\u2018youth guarantee\u2019, the purpose of which is", 
        "to ensure that, within four months of", 
        "leaving school, all young people are", 
        "offered, on the basis of a personalised", 
        "appraisal, a higher education course, a", 
        "vocational training course or a job with", 
        "fair pay; believes that any such", 
        "arrangement must be based on free and", 
        "informed choice;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 29 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "E. whereas ECEC targets are often overly", 
        "labour-market driven, focusing too heavily", 
        "on the need to increase the numbers of", 
        "women in work and too loosely on the", 
        "needs and best interests of the child,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 16, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-02-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "E. whereas ECEC targets are often overly", 
        "labour-market driven, focusing too heavily", 
        "on the need to increase employment rates,", 
        "and paying too little attention to the needs", 
        "and best interests of the child,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-02-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ea. whereas many households have major", 
        "difficulties in reconciling family", 
        "obligations with the constraints of work", 
        "linked to current changes in the labour", 
        "market, such as the trend for employees to", 
        "be required to work atypical and flexible", 
        "hours and the rise of insecure jobs,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 35, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-02-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4a. Notes the significant role played by", 
        "gender stereotypes in our educational", 
        "practices, and emphasises the importance", 
        "of drawing up strategies designed to lead", 
        "to the establishment of gender-neutral", 
        "education from the earliest age;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "14. Regrets that in an unstable economic", 
        "climate ECEC policies are easily", 
        "neglected; highlights that Member States", 
        "should devote appropriate resources to", 
        "ECEC services;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 62, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-02-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "14. Regrets that in an unstable economic", 
        "climate ECEC policies are easily neglected", 
        "and that the cuts in education budgets", 
        "being implemented by several Member", 
        "States are leading to the loss of posts for", 
        "ECEC professionals among others; calls", 
        "for the reinstatement of the posts which", 
        "have been cut and highlights that Member", 
        "States must devote appropriate resources to", 
        "ECEC services;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 14"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "16. Recognises that quality early years", 
        "education can help reduce early school", 
        "leaving, which affects society as a whole;", 
        "notes that young people from vulnerable", 
        "social groups such as migrant", 
        "backgrounds, especially males, are", 
        "particularly at risk;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 66, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-02-17T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16. Recognises that quality early years", 
        "education can help reduce early school", 
        "leaving, combat the educational", 
        "disadvantages of children from", 
        "disadvantaged social and cultural groups", 
        "and reduce the resulting social and", 
        "cultural inequalities;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. Points to the need to employ national", 
        "and regional means of obtaining public", 
        "financial support for broadband in areas", 
        "where commercial investment is unlikely", 
        "to occur;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2304(INI)", 
      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-08-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Points to the need to employ national", 
        "and regional means of obtaining public", 
        "financial support in order to guarantee", 
        "standards in respect of quality, diversity of", 
        "content and the democratisation of access", 
        "to broadband, with special emphasis on", 
        "areas in which commercial investment is", 
        "unlikely to occur;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2304(INI)", 
      "seq": 11, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-08-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2a. Reaffirms the principle of network", 
        "neutrality and takes the view that open,", 
        "equal access to telecommunications", 
        "infrastructure and information", 
        "technology is vital to ensure social,", 
        "economic and cultural progress;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. Encourages innovation as a broad", 
        "concept involving the whole process from", 
        "the original idea to the final product,", 
        "particularly as regards innovation in", 
        "business models and taking full advantage", 
        "of European industries\u2019 creative potential;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2245(INI)", 
      "seq": 4, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Encourages innovation as a broad", 
        "concept involving the whole process from", 
        "the original idea to the final product,", 
        "particularly as regards innovation in", 
        "business models and taking full advantage", 
        "of the creative potential of European", 
        "industry and the European economy in its", 
        "multiple and varied forms of", 
        "entrepreneurship (large firms, SMEs,", 
        "social economy enterprises and", 
        "organisations);"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2245(INI)", 
      "seq": 12, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3a. Reiterates the importance of acquiring", 
        "a core of basic competences and a good", 
        "level of general culture in order to ensure", 
        "better adaptability to the working", 
        "environment; stresses that, in this context,", 
        "language learning is of particular", 
        "importance;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-456.908%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2245(INI)", 
      "seq": 13, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3b. Views international cooperation in the", 
        "field of research as essential, but", 
        "reiterates that exchanges must be based", 
        "on a balanced partnership so as not to", 
        "deprive the southern countries of the", 
        "skills they need for their development;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-456.908%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2245(INI)", 
      "seq": 14, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3c. Expresses its concern at the effects of", 
        "\u2018selective\u2019 immigration policies focusing", 
        "on the most highly qualified young", 
        "people;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3 c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2245(INI)", 
      "seq": 15, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3d. Deplores the budget cuts in research", 
        "and education made by several Member", 
        "States and reiterates the importance of", 
        "providing adequate public funding in", 
        "these areas;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3 d (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "4. Calls on the Member States to support", 
        "the development of stronger partnerships", 
        "between universities and the business", 
        "world;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2245(INI)", 
      "seq": 16, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Calls on the Member States to support", 
        "the development of partnerships within", 
        "universities involving all stakeholders and", 
        "reaffirms its commitment to the", 
        "independence of research, particularly", 
        "scientific research, in the face of the need", 
        "to ensure a return on investment;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "5. Calls for a coordinated effort at all levels", 
        "of government, local-regional, national and", 
        "European, to implement the \u2018Innovation", 
        "Union\u2019, taking into account the educational", 
        "and cultural dimensions of innovation;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2245(INI)", 
      "seq": 22, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Calls for a coordinated effort at all levels", 
        "of government, local-regional, national and", 
        "European, together with all the", 
        "stakeholders, to implement the \u2018Innovation", 
        "Union\u2019, taking into account the educational", 
        "and cultural dimensions of innovation;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2245(INI)", 
      "seq": 24, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5a. Considers that it is essential to", 
        "establish programmes specifically to", 
        "promote scientific and technological", 
        "culture as part of the measures to promote", 
        "innovation in all areas;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-456.908%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2245(INI)", 
      "seq": 25, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5b. Welcomes the Commission\u2019s", 
        "commitment concerning open access to", 
        "publications and data from publicly", 
        "funded research; encourages it to find the", 
        "means, including financial means, to", 
        "ensure that such publications and data", 
        "are distributed as widely as possible and", 
        "emphasises the role that Europeana can", 
        "play in this field;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-456.908%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2245(INI)", 
      "seq": 26, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5c. Considers that IPR reform is", 
        "necessary in order to permit the transfer", 
        "of knowledge and technological know-", 
        "how and to establish fair conditions for", 
        "collaboration, especially scientific", 
        "collaboration, inside the EU and with", 
        "third countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5 c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "seq": 27, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
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        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5d. Affirms the principle of net neutrality", 
        "and of open standards as the drivers of", 
        "innovation;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5 d (new)"
        ]
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    }, 
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      "old": [
        "6. Highlights the importance of social", 
        "innovation in meeting social needs of all", 
        "kinds - from working conditions and", 
        "education to community development and", 
        "health;"
      ], 
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      "seq": 28, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
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        "CULT"
      ], 
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      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Highlights the importance of social", 
        "innovation in meeting social needs of all", 
        "kinds and improving working conditions,", 
        "so as to promote health and access to", 
        "education and knowledge, to culture and", 
        "to health and social services; emphasises", 
        "the role played by the social economy", 
        "sector (cooperatives, mutuals, associations", 
        "and foundations) in social innovation by", 
        "devising and implementing the means and", 
        "arrangements to meet needs which are not", 
        "taken into account by the market and by", 
        "the conventional forms of", 
        "entrepreneurship, account being taken of", 
        "these needs as close as possible to where", 
        "they occur; emphasises the role also", 
        "played by the social economy in", 
        "managerial innovation aimed at", 
        "achieving, by appropriate means,", 
        "whether consultative or deliberative, the", 
        "full participation of all employees in", 
        "company decisions and management;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
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      "seq": 30, 
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      "meps": [], 
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6a. Welcomes the special attention which", 
        "the Commission is giving to achieving a", 
        "more even gender balance in the sciences,", 
        "and calls on it to make specific", 
        "recommendations for achieving the", 
        "objective of real gender equality in as", 
        "short a time as possible;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6 a (new)"
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      "seq": 3, 
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      "meps": [], 
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        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 having regard to Decision No", 
        "1983/2006/EC of the European", 
        "Parliament and of the Council of", 
        "18 December 2006 concerning the", 
        "European Year of Intercultural Dialogue", 
        "(2008);"
      ], 
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          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Citation 11 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "seq": 4, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
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      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2013 having regard to the United Nations", 
        "Millennium Declaration (2000), and in", 
        "particular the articles under the heading", 
        "Human rights, democracy and good", 
        "governance,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
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      "old": [
        "(A) whereas the EU is a culturally diverse", 
        "community of values,"
      ], 
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      "seq": 10, 
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      "meps": [], 
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        "CULT"
      ], 
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      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(A) whereas the EU is a community of", 
        "diverse cultural experiences expressed in", 
        "diverse ways,"
      ], 
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        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "seq": 13, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
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      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(Aa) whereas successive EU", 
        "enlargements, personal mobility in the", 
        "shared European area, established and", 
        "new migratory flows and exchanges of all", 
        "kinds with the rest of the world help foster", 
        "that cultural diversity,"
      ], 
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          "Motion for a resolution", 
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      "old": [
        "(B) whereas culture has intrinsic value,", 
        "enriches people's lives and fosters", 
        "understanding,"
      ], 
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      "seq": 14, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(B) whereas culture has intrinsic value and", 
        "enriches lives by helping people free", 
        "themselves and by fostering mutual", 
        "understanding,"
      ], 
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        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital B"
        ]
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    }, 
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      "old": [
        "D. whereas the economic nature of cultural", 
        "goods, including sports, contributes to the", 
        "EU's economic value through cultural", 
        "industries and tourism, and the settlement", 
        "of businesses in the EU,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 23, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "D. whereas the economic nature of cultural", 
        "goods, including sports, contributes to the", 
        "EU's economic value through strong", 
        "economic externalities and value added", 
        "products to cultural industries and tourism,", 
        "and the settlement of businesses in the EU,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital D"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 28, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ea. whereas artists act as de facto cultural", 
        "diplomats exchanging and confronting", 
        "different aesthetic, political, moral and", 
        "social values,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 29, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Eb. whereas life performance", 
        "organisations occupy an important", 
        "position in the economy of culture,", 
        "according to the findings of the \u2018Study on", 
        "the economy of culture in Europe\u2019", 
        "published by the European Commission,", 
        "DG for Education and Culture (2006),"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 30, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ec. whereas artist\u2019s mobility is a key", 
        "characteristic of all artistic professions;", 
        "whereas numerous studies, such as the", 
        "\u2018Study on IMPEDIMENTS TO", 
        "MOBILITY in the EU Live Performance", 
        "Sector POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS\u2019", 
        "published by the Performing Arts", 
        "Employers Associations League Europe,", 
        "authored by Richard Pol\u00e1\u010dek (2007),", 
        "show that live performance organisations", 
        "face specific mobility related issues in", 
        "their activity,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. Stresses that democratic and", 
        "fundamental freedoms such as freedom of", 
        "expression, press freedom, access to", 
        "information and communication, freedom", 
        "of worship, freedom from want and", 
        "freedom from fear, and freedom to", 
        "connect, online and offline, are", 
        "preconditions for cultural expression,", 
        "cultural exchanges and cultural diversity;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 43, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Stresses that democratic and", 
        "fundamental freedoms such as freedom of", 
        "expression, press freedom, access to", 
        "information and communication, freedom", 
        "of worship, freedom from want and", 
        "freedom from fear, and freedom to", 
        "connect, online and offline, are", 
        "preconditions for \u2013 and also only possible", 
        "when \u2013 cultural expression, cultural", 
        "exchanges and cultural diversity are", 
        "embodied and experienced in freedom;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "4. Underlines that transatlantic", 
        "cooperation is important to advance joint", 
        "interests and shared values;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 52, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Underlines that international", 
        "cooperation is important to advance joint", 
        "interests and shared values;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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        "4. Underlines that transatlantic cooperation", 
        "is important to advance joint interests and", 
        "shared values;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 53, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Underlines that transatlantic cooperation", 
        "is important to advance joint interests and", 
        "common values;"
      ], 
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        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
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      "old": [
        "5. Values public-private cooperation in", 
        "cultural aspects of the EU's external", 
        "actions;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 56, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Values cooperation among all social", 
        "actors in cultural aspects of the EU's", 
        "external actions, and in particular", 
        "cooperation involving local, regional and", 
        "national cultural authorities, institutions,", 
        "organisations and associations;"
      ], 
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          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
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    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 77, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "10a. Regrets the fact that national", 
        "administrative procedures are too", 
        "complex for artists and live performance", 
        "organisations; takes note of the efforts", 
        "accomplished by certain EU Member", 
        "states recognizing a special statute of", 
        "workers in the live performance sector,", 
        "taking into account the specificity of", 
        "mobility characteristics of this cultural", 
        "sector, such as the French \"statut des", 
        "intermittents du spectacle\" and wishes to", 
        "encourage the preservation and", 
        "strengthening of such actions;"
      ], 
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        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 10 a (new)"
        ]
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      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 78, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "10b. Calls for the creation of a cultural", 
        "visa for third country nationals, artists", 
        "and other professionals in the cultural", 
        "field, emulating the existing Scientific", 
        "Visa Program in implementation since", 
        "2005;"
      ], 
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        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 10 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "11. Calls for IPR reform and the", 
        "completion of the European Digital", 
        "Market to strengthen the EU's cultural", 
        "industries' competitive position in a global", 
        "economy;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 83, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "11. Stresses the need to ensure the", 
        "broadest possible access to cultural assets", 
        "of quality and to strengthen the EU's", 
        "cultural industries' position in a global", 
        "economy, and therefore recommends", 
        "freedom of circulation in respect of those", 
        "assets, which will necessitate IPR reform", 
        "to ensure fair remuneration for artists", 
        "and protection for users;"
      ], 
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        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 87, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "11a. Emphasises the role of social media", 
        "in the construction of a global public", 
        "space in which every individual ultimately", 
        "becomes a cultural agent participating in", 
        "cultural exchanges;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 11 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "12. Regrets that censoring and monitoring", 
        "of the internet is increasingly used by", 
        "repressive regimes, and recommends the", 
        "Commission to develop an EU strategy to", 
        "promote and defend internet freedom", 
        "globally;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 95, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "12. Regrets that censoring and monitoring", 
        "of the internet is increasingly used by", 
        "repressive regimes both within and outside", 
        "the European Union, and recommends the", 
        "Commission to develop an EU strategy to", 
        "promote and defend internet freedom", 
        "globally;"
      ], 
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        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 12"
        ]
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    }, 
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      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 101, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "12a. Reaffirms the principle of Net", 
        "Neutrality that ensures that Internet", 
        "remains a free and open technology,", 
        "fostering democratic communication;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 12 a (new)"
        ]
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    }, 
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      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 113, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "13a. Calls on the EEAS to promote", 
        "constructive exchange between the", 
        "different cultures contributing to cultural,", 
        "social and economic life in the EU and", 
        "with third countries, taking as a basis the", 
        "foreign communities living on EU", 
        "territory, and to foster the expression and", 
        "exchange of a variety of cultural", 
        "experiences flowing from these", 
        "exchanges, including in diplomatic, trade", 
        "and other talks between the EU and third", 
        "countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 13 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 114, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "13b. Stresses the need to devise effective", 
        "strategies for intercultural talks and", 
        "considers that a multicultural approach to", 
        "this task may have a favourable impact on", 
        "the conclusion of beneficial agreements,", 
        "putting the EU and third country partners", 
        "on an equal footing;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 13 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "18. Calls on the EEAS to focus on", 
        "coordination and strategic deployment of", 
        "cultural aspects, incorporating culture", 
        "consistently and systematically into the", 
        "EU's external relations and contributing to", 
        "complementarity with Member State", 
        "policies;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 134, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "18. Calls on the EEAS to focus on", 
        "coordination and strategic deployment of", 
        "cultural aspects, with particular attention", 
        "to artists' mobility issues, incorporating", 
        "culture consistently and systematically into", 
        "the EU's external relations and contributing", 
        "to complementarity with Member State", 
        "policies;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 18"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "19. Calls for the appropriate training of", 
        "EEAS staff with regard to cultural and", 
        "digital aspects;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 138, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "19. Calls for the appropriate training of", 
        "EEAS staff with regard to cultural issues,", 
        "artists' mobility and digital aspects;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 19"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 154, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "24a. Calls for Commission to look for", 
        "ways to develop additional social, cultural", 
        "and financial synergies through the", 
        "cooperation of several organisations", 
        "dedicated to the strengthening of cultural", 
        "activities and exchanges, such as the", 
        "British Council, Institut Fran\u00e7ais,", 
        "Instituto Cam\u00f5es, the Goethe Institute, the", 
        "Swedish Institute and their peers in third", 
        "countries, urging them to go beyond", 
        "cultural export and with the aim of", 
        "promoting networking; insists on the fact", 
        "that these undertakings should always be", 
        "accompanied by efforts to promote within", 
        "the EU the culture of the countries where", 
        "these organisations are active;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 24 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 161, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "25a. Proposes the creation of specific", 
        "Information Systems to support the", 
        "mobility of artists and other professionals", 
        "in the cultural field as envisaged by the", 
        "study commissioned by the DG Education", 
        "and Culture of the European", 
        "Commission, entitled \"Information", 
        "systems to support the mobility of artists", 
        "and other professionals in the culture", 
        "field: a feasibility study\", published on", 
        "March 2009;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 25 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "32. Recognises the link between cultural", 
        "rights and human rights and objects to the", 
        "use of cultural arguments to justify human", 
        "rights violations;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2161(INI)", 
      "seq": 187, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2011-01-25T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "32. Recognises the link between cultural", 
        "diversity and human rights, but objects to", 
        "the use of cultural arguments to justify", 
        "human rights violations;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 32"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2276(INI)", 
      "seq": 4, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Cornelia Ernst", 
      "date": "2010-12-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "-1. Stresses that access for the Roma", 
        "people to high-quality education and", 
        "vocational training, the sharing and", 
        "understanding of their culture, their", 
        "values and their cultural heritage, their", 
        "involvement in associations and better", 
        "representation for their community are", 
        "essential strands of a holistic approach to", 
        "the implementation of national and", 
        "European strategies for their inclusion", 
        "and involvement in society;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph -1 (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "1. Emphasises that an individual\u2019s", 
        "education influences his or her future life", 
        "opportunities, and that it is therefore", 
        "essential to ensure that education systems", 
        "and standards are equitable, so that", 
        "everyone can benefit from quality", 
        "education without discrimination of any", 
        "kind;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2276(INI)", 
      "seq": 5, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Cornelia Ernst", 
      "date": "2010-12-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Emphasises that high-quality education", 
        "and training has an influence on an", 
        "individual's future life, in both personal", 
        "and professional terms, and on his or her", 
        "involvement in society, and that it is", 
        "therefore essential to ensure that everyone", 
        "has the same access to education and", 
        "training without discrimination of any", 
        "kind;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2276(INI)", 
      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Cornelia Ernst", 
      "date": "2010-12-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Considers that cultural diversity and", 
        "action to combat stereotypes should be", 
        "included in school curricula from a very", 
        "early age;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2276(INI)", 
      "seq": 10, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Cornelia Ernst", 
      "date": "2010-12-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1b. Calls on the Commission to collect", 
        "and disseminate information on", 
        "experience and action in the various", 
        "Member States, in particular in the", 
        "educational and cultural spheres;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. Believes that a better future for the", 
        "Roma people can be ensured through", 
        "education, and that investing in the", 
        "education of Roma children and youth is", 
        "therefore essential;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2276(INI)", 
      "seq": 12, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Cornelia Ernst", 
      "date": "2010-12-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Believes that a better future for the", 
        "Roma people can be ensured by affording", 
        "them easier access to education at all", 
        "levels and to vocational training, and that", 
        "investing in education and training and, in", 
        "particular, providing training to teachers", 
        "and vocational trainers, providing extra-", 
        "curricular support services and ensuring", 
        "easier access to grants are therefore", 
        "essential;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "3. Considers it crucial that the Member", 
        "States keep up their efforts to involve", 
        "Roma children and youth in education,", 
        "and to ensure their long-term participation", 
        "therein, for instance by offering special", 
        "training for school staff and providing", 
        "after-school support and scholarships;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2276(INI)", 
      "seq": 23, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Cornelia Ernst", 
      "date": "2010-12-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3.Stresses that it is crucial that the Member", 
        "States really do implement national and", 
        "European programmes for the benefit of", 
        "the Roma in order to combat the", 
        "discrimination of which they are victims,", 
        "promote their integration in the", 
        "communal and cultural life of the places", 
        "and countries in which they live, and", 
        "ensure their long-term participation and", 
        "representation therein;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "5. Deems it essential that programmes are", 
        "designed and developed which ensure", 
        "quality primary, secondary and tertiary", 
        "education for Roma girls and women,", 
        "while promoting an understanding of", 
        "Roma culture and values among both the", 
        "Roma and non-Roma;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2276(INI)", 
      "seq": 35, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Cornelia Ernst", 
      "date": "2010-12-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
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      "old": [
        "6. Emphasises that low attendance and", 
        "high absenteeism rates in schools may", 
        "indicate that pupils and parents are", 
        "unaware of the importance of education;", 
        "underlines, therefore, the importance of", 
        "involving the parents of Roma children", 
        "and the Roma community in an ongoing", 
        "dialogue on educational matters;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2276(INI)", 
      "seq": 42, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Cornelia Ernst", 
      "date": "2010-12-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Emphasises that, in order to encourage", 
        "school attendance and combat", 
        "absenteeism by Roma children, it is", 
        "important to meet with all the educational", 
        "players, the parents of Roma children and", 
        "representatives of the broader Roma", 
        "community in order to initiate an ongoing,", 
        "regular dialogue on educational matters;", 
        "stresses, above and beyond the clich\u00e9s, the", 
        "need to study all the causes of", 
        "absenteeism from school by Roma", 
        "children in order to determine the real", 
        "obstacles to their regular school", 
        "attendance (insufficient resources, health", 
        "problems, lack of access to", 
        "accommodation and public services,", 
        "expulsions, etc.) and to find practical", 
        "solutions to them;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "7. Supports the promotion of teacher", 
        "training programmes that enhance", 
        "teachers\u2019 ability to engage with children", 
        "and youth with a Roma background;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2276(INI)", 
      "seq": 51, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Cornelia Ernst", 
      "date": "2010-12-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Supports the promotion of teacher", 
        "training programmes that enhance", 
        "teachers\u2019 ability to engage with children", 
        "and youth with a Roma background, as", 
        "well as with their parents;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
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    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "8. Views the Roma culture as an integral", 
        "part of Europe\u2019s cultural mosaic; points", 
        "out that a key means of understanding the", 
        "Roma people and their way of life is to", 
        "increase other Europeans\u2019 awareness of", 
        "the heritage, traditions and language of the", 
        "Roma, as well as of contemporary Roma", 
        "culture."
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2276(INI)", 
      "seq": 58, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Cornelia Ernst", 
      "date": "2010-12-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Views the Roma culture as an integral", 
        "part of Europe\u2019s culture; points out that a", 
        "key means of understanding Roma peoples", 
        "and their way of life is to familiarise other", 
        "Europeans with their heritage, traditions,", 
        "language, culture (for example by", 
        "spotlighting well-known Roma artists", 
        "such as the Hungarian Roma painters,", 
        "singers and musicians such as Esma", 
        "Red\u017eepova, Monika Miczura and Django", 
        "Reinhardt, and film-makers such as Tony", 
        "Gatlif) and history (including the", 
        "genocide of which they were victims in the", 
        "Second World War); calls on the", 
        "Commission to give financial support of", 
        "whatever kind it deems appropriate to the", 
        "Roma Pavilion at the Venice Biennale of", 
        "4 June to 27 November 2011;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 8"
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      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2234(INI)", 
      "seq": 4, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Emphasises the importance of social", 
        "and inclusive economy models for this", 
        "new enterprise culture, and points out that", 
        "it is vital that institutions providing", 
        "vocational training and education,", 
        "including higher education, should equip", 
        "their students with a detailed knowledge", 
        "of all forms of entrepreneurship,", 
        "including in the social and inclusive", 
        "economy, and of responsible and ethical", 
        "management principles;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1 a (new)"
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      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2234(INI)", 
      "seq": 34, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-09-12T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5a. Acknowledges the significant role", 
        "played by gender stereotypes in our", 
        "educational practices, and emphasises,", 
        "therefore, the importance of drawing up", 
        "strategies designed to lead to the", 
        "establishment of gender-neutral", 
        "education, which would help to bring", 
        "about, for example, equal access for", 
        "women and men to VET and employment;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2206(INI)", 
      "seq": 7, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-09-11T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Stresses the importance of fair and", 
        "sustainable tourism schemes as a means", 
        "of using leisure activities to foster fair", 
        "trade, solidarity and eco-development;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2206(INI)", 
      "seq": 8, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-09-11T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1b. Points to the important role played by", 
        "public bodies, particularly territorial", 
        "authorities and associations, in providing", 
        "the broadest possible access to leisure", 
        "activities, including for disadvantaged", 
        "population groups and young people", 
        "(holiday camps and leisure centres,", 
        "sporting and cultural activities, etc.),", 
        "taking care to ensure a broad social mix", 
        "at all times;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1 b (new)"
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      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2206(INI)", 
      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-09-11T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1c. Believes access to tourism to be", 
        "intrinsically linked to purchasing power", 
        "and the right to paid holidays; voices its", 
        "concern, in this connection, at the fact", 
        "that access to tourism is declining in a", 
        "growing number of countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1 c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-452.684%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2206(INI)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-09-11T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3a. Voices its concern at the growing", 
        "standardisation of culture and language;", 
        "stresses, therefore, the importance of", 
        "cultural, linguistic and heritage diversity;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-452.684%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "5. Considers such initiatives as the", 
        "\u2018European Capital of Culture\u2019, the", 
        "\u2018European Heritage Label\u2019 and the \u2018Iron", 
        "Curtain Trail\u2019 to be necessary in", 
        "promoting European heritage,", 
        "contemporary creativity and sustainability", 
        "in cultural tourism; welcomes programmes", 
        "such as EDEN and NECSTouR due to their", 
        "potential for boosting economic", 
        "development;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2206(INI)", 
      "seq": 24, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-09-11T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Considers such initiatives as the", 
        "\u2018European Capital of Culture\u2019 and the", 
        "\u2018European Heritage Label\u2019 to be necessary", 
        "in promoting European heritage,", 
        "contemporary creativity and sustainability", 
        "in cultural tourism; welcomes programmes", 
        "such as EDEN and NECSTouR due to their", 
        "potential for boosting economic", 
        "development;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-452.684%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2206(INI)", 
      "seq": 33, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-09-11T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5a. Draws attention to the major adverse", 
        "impact that mass tourism can have on", 
        "social cohesion; notes that it can result in", 
        "the destruction of heritage and natural", 
        "resources and even turn local cultures", 
        "and crafts into a mere tourist attraction or", 
        "totally commercialise them, and that due", 
        "consideration should also be given to the", 
        "devastating effects of sexual tourism;", 
        "points out, accordingly, that it can pose a", 
        "threat to the natural, cultural and social", 
        "environment in certain destinations if it is", 
        "not regulated or properly supervised;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-452.684%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2206(INI)", 
      "seq": 34, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-09-11T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5b. Considers that, in many countries,", 
        "opening up the heritage to tourism results", 
        "in its privatisation;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-452.684%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2206(INI)", 
      "seq": 35, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-09-11T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5c. Condemns trafficking in historical", 
        "artefacts and artworks and the fact that", 
        "some States are doing very little or", 
        "nothing at all to combat such trafficking;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5 c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-449.033%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "Launching an initiative should not suffer from too many restrictions. The number of countries\nconcerned will rise as signatures are collected. Looking at it from this viewpoint, it is fairly\nlogical that the number of organiser countries will be lower than the number of countries\nfrom which signatures come.", 
      "old": [
        "(5) It is necessary to establish the minimum", 
        "number of Member States from which", 
        "citizens must come. In order to ensure that", 
        "a citizens' initiative is representative of a", 
        "Union interest, this number should be set at", 
        "one third of Member States."
      ], 
      "seq": 32, 
      "reference": "2010/0074(COD)", 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-04-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(5) It is necessary to establish the minimum", 
        "number of Member States from which", 
        "citizens must come. In order to ensure that", 
        "a citizens' initiative is representative of a", 
        "Union interest, this number should be set at", 
        "one fourth of Member States."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-449.033%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "Lier l'\u00e2ge minimal aux dispositions nationales en mati\u00e8re d'\u00e2ge pour avoir le droit de vote\nrisque de cr\u00e9er des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s parmi les Etats-membres de l'UE. La participation \u00e0 l'initiative\ncitoyenne n'a pas de cons\u00e9quence l\u00e9gislative directe. Elle peut donc \u00eatre con\u00e7ue comme un\noutil d'\u00e9ducation \u00e0 la citoyennet\u00e9. En cons\u00e9quence, il est souhaitable d'harmoniser l'\u00e2ge\nminimal du droit de signer une initiative citoyenne de fa\u00e7on \u00e0 encourager la participation des\njeunes \u00e0 la vie d\u00e9mocratique le plus t\u00f4t possible. L'\u00e2ge de 16 ans en vigueur dans certains des\nEtats membres pour le droit de vote para\u00eet donc \u00eatre un \u00e2ge raisonnable.", 
      "old": [
        "(7) It is appropriate to fix a minimum age", 
        "for supporting a citizens' initiative. This", 
        "should be set as the age at which citizens", 
        "are entitled to vote in the European", 
        "Parliament elections."
      ], 
      "seq": 36, 
      "reference": "2010/0074(COD)", 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-04-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(7) It is appropriate to fix a minimum age", 
        "for supporting a citizens' initiative. This", 
        "should be set at 16 years of age.", 
        "(This amendment applies throughout the", 
        "text. Adopting it will necessitate", 
        "corresponding changes throughout.)"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-449.033%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "The website will both raise the profile of all citizens\u2019 initiatives and ensure that personal data\nprovided by signatories is protected.", 
      "reference": "2010/0074(COD)", 
      "seq": 39, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-04-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(8a) The Commission\u2019s opinions on", 
        "proposed initiatives, favourable or", 
        "otherwise, should be posted on the", 
        "website. The website should also allow", 
        "signatures to be collected under", 
        "conditions that comply with EU law and", 
        "Directive 95/46/EC in particular."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 8 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-449.033%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "Les ressortissants des pays-tiers r\u00e9sidant dans l'Union europ\u00e9enne participent au m\u00eame titre\nque les citoyens ayant la nationalit\u00e9 d'un des pays de l'Union \u00e0 la vie \u00e9conomique, sociale et\nculturelle des Etats membres et contribuent ainsi \u00e0 la richesse de l'Union. Ils sont donc des\ncitoyens actifs de l'Union puisque la citoyennet\u00e9 ne peut se limiter \u00e0 l'exercice du droit de\nvote au sens strict du terme. Faciliter l'int\u00e9gration de tous ceux et toutes celles qui vivent sur\nle territoire de l'UE est une question souvent evoqu\u00e9e. D\u00e8s lors que la participation \u00e0 une\ninitiative citoyenne n'a pas de cons\u00e9quence l\u00e9gislative directe, donner le droit d'y participer \u00e0\ntous ceux et toutes celles qui r\u00e9sident sur le territoire de l'UE peut \u00eatre un signe fort en leur\ndirection.", 
      "old": [
        "2. \"Signatories\u201d means citizens of the", 
        "Union that have supported a given citizens\u2019", 
        "initiative by completing a statement of", 
        "support for that initiative;"
      ], 
      "seq": 52, 
      "reference": "2010/0074(COD)", 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-04-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. \"Signatories\u201d means residents in the", 
        "Union that have supported a given citizens\u2019", 
        "initiative by completing a statement of", 
        "support for that initiative;", 
        "(This amendment applies throughout the", 
        "text. Adopting it will necessitate", 
        "corresponding changes throughout.)"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-449.033%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "The citizens\u2019 initiative is a democratic instrument to be employed either by citizens themselves\nor via the not-for-profit bodies representing them. Forming them into a organising committee\nis a way of facilitating participation by citizens who may, left to themselves, feel incapable\nwhen faced with the complexity and scope of the citizens\u2019 initiative.", 
      "old": [
        "3. \u201cOrganiser\u201d means a natural or legal", 
        "person or organisation responsible for the", 
        "preparation and submission of a citizens\u2019", 
        "initiative to the Commission."
      ], 
      "seq": 56, 
      "reference": "2010/0074(COD)", 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-04-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. \u201cOrganising committee\u201d means a group", 
        "of natural or legal persons responsible for", 
        "the preparation and submission of a", 
        "citizens\u2019 initiative to the Commission."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 2 \u2013 paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-449.033%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "There is no reason why young people who are 16 years of age should be excluded completely\nfrom the organising committee .", 
      "old": [
        "Where the organiser is a natural person,", 
        "that person shall be a citizen of the Union", 
        "and be of the age to be entitled to vote in", 
        "the European elections."
      ], 
      "seq": 60, 
      "reference": "2010/0074(COD)", 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-04-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Natural persons who are members of the", 
        "organising committee must be of the age", 
        "required to participate in the citizens\u2019", 
        "initiative; at least one third of them plus", 
        "one must be of the age to be entitled to", 
        "vote in the European elections."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 3 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 subparagraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-449.033%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "To stop any hijacking of the citizens\u2019 initiative, only not-for-profit bodies may be members of\nthe organising committee.", 
      "old": [
        "Where the organiser is a legal person or", 
        "an organisation it shall be established in a", 
        "Member State. Organisations which do not", 
        "have legal personality under the applicable", 
        "national law shall have representatives that", 
        "have the capacity to undertake legal", 
        "obligations on their behalf and assume", 
        "liability."
      ], 
      "seq": 64, 
      "reference": "2010/0074(COD)", 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-04-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Where the organising committee is", 
        "composed of legal persons, the latter shall", 
        "be established in a Member State. Only", 
        "not-for-profit bodies may be members of", 
        "the organising committee. Organisations", 
        "which do not have legal personality under", 
        "the applicable national law shall have", 
        "representatives that have the capacity to", 
        "undertake legal obligations on their behalf", 
        "and assume liability."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 3 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 subparagraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-449.033%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "Transparency will undoubtably prove educational and prevent the multiplication of\ninadmissible or ludicrous initiatives.", 
      "old": [
        "4. The Commission shall reject the", 
        "registration of proposed citizens' initiatives", 
        "which are manifestly against the values of", 
        "the Union."
      ], 
      "seq": 74, 
      "reference": "2010/0074(COD)", 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-04-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. The Commission shall reject the", 
        "registration of proposed citizens' initiatives", 
        "which are manifestly against the values of", 
        "the Union. The Commission must duly", 
        "explain and publish its reasons for", 
        "rejecting an initiative."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 4 \u2013 paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-449.033%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "Signatories are providing personal data which must be protected from any possible form of\nmisuse.", 
      "reference": "2010/0074(COD)", 
      "seq": 80, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-04-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Data submitted by signatories through", 
        "the online collection system must be", 
        "checked, stored and destroyed in", 
        "accordance with the EU\u2019s rules on data", 
        "protection and the right to privacy and be", 
        "managed by independent bodies obliged to", 
        "maintain confidentiality."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Article 6 \u2013 paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-445.812%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2001(BUD)", 
      "seq": 14, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3a. Is concerned about the social", 
        "inequalities observed in terms of access to", 
        "these programmes; recommends", 
        "increasing funding for the programmes", 
        "(without simply increasing the number of", 
        "grants) in order to give more people", 
        "access to them, and asks the Commission", 
        "to establish a better communication policy", 
        "vis-\u00e0-vis education institutions involved in", 
        "EU exchange programmes;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-445.812%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "4. Finds that ICT education and training is", 
        "vital to ensure that Europe develops new", 
        "skills for new jobs and takes full advantage", 
        "of the potentials of an ever more digital", 
        "society; therefore suggests that EU", 
        "programmes should contribute more to", 
        "develop these skills;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2001(BUD)", 
      "seq": 15, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-26T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Finds that ICT education and training is", 
        "vital to ensure that Europe develops new", 
        "skills for new jobs and takes full advantage", 
        "of the potentials of an ever more digital", 
        "society; therefore suggests that EU", 
        "programmes should contribute more to", 
        "develop these skills; recommends that", 
        "protection of personal data form an", 
        "integral part of ICT-related programmes;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.977%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/0064(COD)", 
      "seq": 81, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-20T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "having regard to Article 16 of the Treaty", 
        "on the Functioning of the European", 
        "Union,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Citation 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.977%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/0064(COD)", 
      "seq": 82, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-20T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "having regard to Articles 7, 8, 11 and 24", 
        "of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of", 
        "the European Union,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Citation 1 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.977%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/0064(COD)", 
      "seq": 83, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-20T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "having regard to Articles 8 and 10 of the", 
        "European Convention for the Protection", 
        "of Human Rights and Fundamental", 
        "Freedoms (ECHR),"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Citation 1 c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.977%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/0064(COD)", 
      "seq": 84, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-20T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "having regard to the 1989 UN Convention", 
        "on the Rights of the Child, and in", 
        "particular Articles 19 and 34 thereof,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Citation 1 d (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/0064(COD)", 
      "seq": 85, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-20T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "having regard to the 2007 Council of", 
        "Europe Convention on the Protection of", 
        "Children against Sexual Exploitation and", 
        "Sexual Abuse,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Citation 1 e (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.977%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(8) Investigating offences and bringing", 
        "charges in criminal proceedings should be", 
        "facilitated, to take into account the", 
        "difficulty for child victims of denouncing", 
        "abuse and the anonymity of offenders in", 
        "cyberspace. To ensure successful", 
        "investigations and prosecutions of the", 
        "offences referred to in this Directive,", 
        "effective investigation tools should be", 
        "made available to those responsible for the", 
        "investigation and prosecutions of such", 
        "offences. These tools may include covert", 
        "operations, interception of", 
        "communications, covert surveillance", 
        "including electronic surveillance,", 
        "monitoring of bank accounts or other", 
        "financial investigations."
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/0064(COD)", 
      "seq": 101, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-20T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(8) Investigating offences and bringing", 
        "charges in criminal proceedings should be", 
        "facilitated, to take into account the", 
        "difficulty for child victims of denouncing", 
        "abuse and the anonymity of offenders in", 
        "cyberspace. To ensure successful", 
        "investigations and prosecutions of the", 
        "offences referred to in this Directive,", 
        "effective investigation tools should be", 
        "made available to those responsible for the", 
        "investigation and prosecutions of such", 
        "offences."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(10) Measures to protect child victims", 
        "should be adopted in their best interest,", 
        "taking into account an assessment of their", 
        "needs. Child victims should have easy", 
        "access to legal remedies, including free", 
        "legal counselling and representation and", 
        "measures to address conflicts of interest", 
        "where abuse occurs in the family.", 
        "Moreover, child victims should be", 
        "protected from sanctions, for example", 
        "under national legislation on immigration", 
        "or prostitution, if they bring their case to", 
        "the attention of competent authorities.", 
        "Furthermore, participation in criminal", 
        "proceedings by child victims should not", 
        "cause additional trauma as a result of", 
        "interviews or visual contact with offenders."
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/0064(COD)", 
      "seq": 104, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-20T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(10) Measures to protect victims under the", 
        "age of 18 should be adopted in their best", 
        "interest, taking into account an assessment", 
        "of their needs. These measures should also", 
        "include abuse prevention and should", 
        "involve all those connected with", 
        "education, including parents and", 
        "associations acting in the interests of", 
        "persons below the age of 18 years. Victims", 
        "under the age of 18 should have easy", 
        "access to legal remedies, including free", 
        "legal counselling and representation and", 
        "measures to address conflicts of interest", 
        "where abuse occurs in the family.", 
        "Moreover, victims below the age of 18", 
        "should be protected from sanctions, for", 
        "example under national legislation on", 
        "immigration or prostitution, if they bring", 
        "their case to the attention of competent", 
        "authorities. Furthermore, participation in", 
        "criminal proceedings by victims under the", 
        "age of 18 should not cause additional", 
        "trauma as a result of interviews or visual", 
        "contact with offenders."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 10"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "(11) To prevent and minimise recidivism,", 
        "offenders should be subject to an", 
        "assessment of the danger posed by the", 
        "offenders and the possible risks of", 
        "repetition of sexual offences against", 
        "children, and should have access to", 
        "effective intervention programmes or", 
        "measures on a voluntary basis."
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/0064(COD)", 
      "seq": 105, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-20T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(11) To prevent and minimise recidivism,", 
        "offenders should have access to support", 
        "programmes or treatment on a voluntary", 
        "basis."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "(12) Where the danger posed by the", 
        "offenders and the possible risks of", 
        "repetition of the offences make it", 
        "appropriate, convicted offenders should", 
        "be temporarily or permanently prevented", 
        "from exercising activities involving", 
        "regular contacts with children, where", 
        "appropriate. Implementation of such", 
        "prohibitions throughout the EU should be", 
        "facilitated."
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/0064(COD)", 
      "seq": 106, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-20T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(12) When repeat sexual offences against", 
        "persons below the age of 18 years are", 
        "either committed or attempted, temporary", 
        "or permanent steps may be taken, under", 
        "the supervision of a judicial authority, to", 
        "avoid any regular professional contact", 
        "between the offenders concerned and", 
        "persons below the age of 18 years.", 
        "Implementation of such prohibitions", 
        "throughout the EU should be facilitated."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 12"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.977%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(15) This Directive respects fundamental", 
        "rights and observes the principles", 
        "recognised in particular by the Charter of", 
        "Fundamental Rights of the European Union", 
        "and notably human dignity, the prohibition", 
        "of torture and inhuman or degrading", 
        "treatment or punishment, the rights of the", 
        "child, the right to liberty and security,", 
        "freedom of expression and information,", 
        "protection of personal data, the right to an", 
        "effective remedy and to a fair trial and the", 
        "principles of legality and proportionality of", 
        "criminal offences and penalties. In", 
        "particular, this Directive seeks to ensure", 
        "full respect for those rights and has to be", 
        "implemented accordingly."
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/0064(COD)", 
      "seq": 111, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-20T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(15) This Directive respects fundamental", 
        "rights and observes the principles", 
        "recognised in particular by the Charter of", 
        "Fundamental Rights of the European Union", 
        "and notably human dignity, the prohibition", 
        "of torture and inhuman or degrading", 
        "treatment or punishment, the rights of the", 
        "child, the right to liberty and security,", 
        "freedom of expression and information,", 
        "protection of personal data, the right to an", 
        "effective remedy and to a fair trial and the", 
        "principles of legality and proportionality of", 
        "criminal offences and penalties. In", 
        "particular, this Directive ensures full", 
        "respect for those rights and has to be", 
        "implemented accordingly."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Recital 15"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/0064(COD)", 
      "seq": 189, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-20T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Article 21a", 
        "Preventive measures", 
        "Preventive measures must make it", 
        "possible to inform and raise awareness", 
        "among persons below the age of 18 years", 
        "and their parents, as early as possible,", 
        "about the use of information and", 
        "communication technologies and the", 
        "dangers they pose in relation to sexual", 
        "abuse. These may also include sex", 
        "education. The education system and", 
        "associations closely involved in extra-", 
        "curricular and leisure activities for", 
        "persons below the age of 18 years can", 
        "play an important role in this. The", 
        "Member States shall exchange", 
        "information and best practice in the field.", 
        "This information shall be sent to the", 
        "Commission."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Article 21 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.977%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/0064(COD)", 
      "seq": 190, 
      "orig_lang": "r", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-20T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Article 21b", 
        "Right to an effective remedy and right to a", 
        "fair trial", 
        "The Member States shall ensure that the", 
        "accused have the right to an effective", 
        "remedy, the right to a fair trial and the", 
        "right of access to an impartial court, in", 
        "line with the principles of legality and", 
        "proportionality of criminal offences and", 
        "penalties."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a directive", 
          "Article 21 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "B. whereas broadcasting is still the main", 
        "source of information for most citizens in", 
        "the EU and as such is uniquely placed to", 
        "influence people\u2019s values and opinions,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2028(INI)", 
      "seq": 6, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-08-07T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "B. whereas broadcasting is still the main", 
        "source of information for most citizens in", 
        "the EU and as such is uniquely placed to", 
        "promote education in European values", 
        "and to diversify people\u2019s opinions,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital B"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.961%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "E. whereas such a coexistence of public", 
        "and commercial broadcasters has ensured a", 
        "diverse range of programming, which", 
        "benefits all EU citizens and contributes to", 
        "media pluralism, cultural and linguistic", 
        "diversity, editorial competition (in terms of", 
        "content quality and diversity) and freedom", 
        "of expression,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2028(INI)", 
      "seq": 16, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-08-07T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "E. whereas such a coexistence of public", 
        "and commercial broadcasters has ensured a", 
        "diverse range of programming, which", 
        "benefits all EU citizens and contributes to", 
        "media pluralism, cultural and linguistic", 
        "diversity, healthy competition, in terms of", 
        "both content quality and diversity, and", 
        "freedom of expression,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "K. whereas public broadcasters in some", 
        "Member States are confronted with", 
        "fundamental, life-threatening problems,", 
        "both financially and politically, which", 
        "poses a direct threat to the very existence", 
        "of the dual system,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2028(INI)", 
      "seq": 38, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-08-07T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "K. whereas public broadcasters in some", 
        "Member States are confronted with", 
        "fundamental problems jeopardising their", 
        "financial existence and political", 
        "independence, which poses a direct threat", 
        "to the very existence of the dual system,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital K"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "1. Reaffirms its attachment to the dual", 
        "broadcasting system, where private and", 
        "public media play their respective roles,", 
        "and access to information must be ensured", 
        "irrespective of consumers\u2019 ability to pay;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2028(INI)", 
      "seq": 62, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-08-07T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Reaffirms its attachment to the dual", 
        "broadcasting system, where private and", 
        "public media play their respective roles,", 
        "and access to information must be ensured", 
        "irrespective of consumers\u2019 and users\u2019", 
        "ability to pay;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.961%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "3. Highlights against this background the", 
        "specific mission of public service", 
        "broadcasting in the digital era to bring", 
        "media content to as many European", 
        "citizens as possible and to maintain a", 
        "public sphere with the aim of overcoming", 
        "audience fragmentation;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2028(INI)", 
      "seq": 73, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-08-07T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Highlights against this background the", 
        "specific mission of public service", 
        "broadcasting in the digital era to bring", 
        "quality media content to as many European", 
        "citizens as possible and to maintain a", 
        "public sphere with the aim of overcoming", 
        "audience fragmentation;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.961%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2028(INI)", 
      "seq": 78, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-08-07T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3a. Calls on the Member States to address", 
        "the digital divide \u2013 for example between", 
        "urban and rural areas \u2013 and to ensure", 
        "that, with digitisation, all individuals in", 
        "all regions have equal access to public", 
        "service broadcasting;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.961%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "6. Welcomes the Commission broadcasting", 
        "Communication of July 2009 and calls on", 
        "Member States to implement its guidelines", 
        "in order to maintain a balance amongst the", 
        "digital media services on offer, to ensure", 
        "fair competition between public", 
        "broadcasting and private media and thus to", 
        "preserve a vibrant media landscape in the", 
        "online environment;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2028(INI)", 
      "seq": 91, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-08-07T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Welcomes the Commission broadcasting", 
        "Communication of July 2009 and calls on", 
        "Member States to implement its guidelines", 
        "in order to maintain a balance amongst the", 
        "digital media services on offer, to ensure a", 
        "balance between public broadcasting and", 
        "private media and thus to preserve a", 
        "vibrant media landscape in the online", 
        "environment;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.961%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "8. Reminds Member States of their", 
        "commitments to these European standards", 
        "and urges them to provide appropriate and", 
        "stable funding for public service media to", 
        "enable them to fulfil their remit, guarantee", 
        "their political and economic independence,", 
        "contribute to an inclusive information and", 
        "knowledge society and avoid a division", 
        "between information haves and have-nots;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2028(INI)", 
      "seq": 103, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-08-07T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Reminds Member States of their", 
        "commitments to these European standards", 
        "and urges them to provide appropriate and", 
        "stable funding for public service media to", 
        "enable them to fulfil their remit, guarantee", 
        "their political and economic independence,", 
        "contribute to an inclusive information and", 
        "knowledge society and avoid unequal", 
        "access to information;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.961%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "9. Calls on the Commission and Member", 
        "States to give a mandate to the European", 
        "Audiovisual Observatory to monitor the", 
        "way in which Member States adhere to", 
        "these standards, and insists that Member", 
        "States should be held accountable for", 
        "failing to fulfil these commitments;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2028(INI)", 
      "seq": 112, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-08-07T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "9. Calls on the Commission and Member", 
        "States to give a mandate to the European", 
        "Audiovisual Observatory to verify the way", 
        "in which Member States adhere to these", 
        "standards, and insists that Member States", 
        "should be held accountable for failing to", 
        "fulfil these commitments;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 9"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.961%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2028(INI)", 
      "seq": 126, 
      "orig_lang": "de", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Lothar Bisky, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-08-07T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "11a. Points out, in this context, that", 
        "community broadcasters, especially in", 
        "smaller communities, have problems with", 
        "long-term financing (e.g. from", 
        "advertising) and that there is potential", 
        "here for using the new options available", 
        "with digitisation in order to set up", 
        "regional-level community broadcasting,", 
        "covering a wide area;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 11 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-442.961%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "16. Invites the Commission to launch an", 
        "initiative on a possible legal framework for", 
        "content aggregators under which search", 
        "engines would contribute to content", 
        "creation;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2028(INI)", 
      "seq": 150, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2010-08-07T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16. Invites the Commission to launch an", 
        "initiative on a possible legal framework for", 
        "content aggregators under which search", 
        "engines would contribute to content", 
        "creation in order to safeguard users\u2019", 
        "rights and above all freedom of", 
        "expression, privacy and personal data", 
        "protection; calls in this regard for", 
        "particular attention to be paid to questions", 
        "of transparency relating to:", 
        "1. the terms and conditions of use of those", 
        "services;", 
        "2. the decisions taken by the providers of", 
        "those services;", 
        "3. fair representation of research findings,", 
        "whatever its source of funding;", 
        "4. provisions on content;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2028(INI)", 
      "seq": 152, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky", 
      "date": "2010-08-07T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16a. Emphasises the importance of media", 
        "education for the responsible use of", 
        "services provided by content aggregators;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 3, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ca. whereas the Lisbon Treaty introduces", 
        "a new form of public involvement in the", 
        "shaping of EU policies, the European", 
        "citizens' initiative; whereas public access", 
        "to and ownership of information are of", 
        "key importance to the success of the", 
        "European citizens' initiative,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital C a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "D. whereas a public sphere can be", 
        "understood as a sphere in which public", 
        "authority is monitored through informed", 
        "and critical discourse by the people and", 
        "the media,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 4, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "D. whereas a public sphere can be", 
        "understood as a place in which public", 
        "policies may be better understood by, and", 
        "discussed with, all European citizens, with", 
        "a view to meeting their expectations more", 
        "effectively, and whereas it must be a", 
        "venue both for the provision of", 
        "information and for wide-ranging", 
        "consultations transcending national", 
        "borders and fostering the development of", 
        "a sense of shared public interest", 
        "throughout Europe,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital D"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 6, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Da. whereas the term 'new media' is used", 
        "to describe networked digital information", 
        "and communication technologies;", 
        "whereas those new technologies foster the", 
        "dissemination of information and", 
        "diversity of input and make for a more", 
        "deliberative democracy,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital D a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "E. whereas electronic social media create", 
        "new forms of public, which are physically", 
        "dispersed but bound by a shared interest in", 
        "the same topic, with the potential to create", 
        "new transnational public spheres,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 7, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "E. whereas new media create new public", 
        "behaviour patterns by fostering the", 
        "formation of both on-line and off-line", 
        "communities; whereas those communities", 
        "may be physically dispersed but bound by", 
        "a shared interest in the same topic, with the", 
        "potential to create new transnational public", 
        "spheres,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "G. whereas there is no overarching", 
        "European public sphere at present, but", 
        "whereas there are very lively national", 
        "public spheres,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "G. whereas there is no overarching", 
        "European public sphere at present, but", 
        "whereas there are very lively national", 
        "public spheres between which synergies", 
        "should be developed, along the lines of,", 
        "for example, the Franco-German", 
        "television channel Arte,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital G"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "H. whereas the creation of a European", 
        "public sphere is closely related to the", 
        "existence of pan-European or", 
        "transnational media structures,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 12, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital H "
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "J. whereas there is clear evidence of", 
        "citizens being under-informed on European", 
        "issues, as reflected in the results of various", 
        "Eurobarometer polls,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 20, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "J. whereas there is clear evidence of", 
        "citizens being under-informed on European", 
        "policies and issues and, at the same time,", 
        "wishing to be better informed, as reflected", 
        "in the results of various Eurobarometer", 
        "polls; whereas those polls indicate that", 
        "this lack of information is one of the main", 
        "reasons for people deciding not to vote", 
        "and being reluctant to trust the European", 
        "institutions,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital J"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "3. Notes that the lack of online news and", 
        "information on the EU and its institutions", 
        "is not the problem; notes that all the", 
        "institutions have launched their own news", 
        "platforms, which fail, however, to", 
        "captivate the public;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 36, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Notes that the lack of online news and", 
        "information on the EU and its institutions", 
        "is not the problem; notes that all the", 
        "institutions have launched their own news", 
        "platforms, which fail, however, to interest", 
        "a broad section of the public; notes that", 
        "those platforms are generally very off-", 
        "putting for people who are unfamiliar", 
        "with European issues and considers that", 
        "there should be an introductory portal to", 
        "the platforms that clarifies the workings", 
        "of all the European institutions,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "5. Asks the Commission to introduce", 
        "annual scoreboards that list and compare", 
        "EU news broadcasting by public service", 
        "networks in the Member States;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 54, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Asks the Commission to introduce", 
        "annual scoreboards that list and compare", 
        "EU news coverage by the media and the", 
        "frequency with which such news is", 
        "broadcast by news networks in the", 
        "Member States, with a view to facilitating", 
        "the pooling of good practice while taking", 
        "due account of the diversity and specific", 
        "features of news networks in the", 
        "European Union;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "7. Notes that the best way to create a", 
        "common European consciousness is", 
        "through direct participation, for example", 
        "by means of direct elections;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 64, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "8. Underlines the need for the Member", 
        "States to have a minister for European", 
        "affairs to act as a point of reference to", 
        "whom citizens can direct their attention on", 
        "EU matters;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 71, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Underlines the need for the Member", 
        "States to have a specialised European", 
        "affairs department responsible for", 
        "explaining the local, regional and", 
        "national implications of European", 
        "policies and for acting as a point of", 
        "reference to whom citizens can direct their", 
        "attention on EU matters;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "10. Recognises the enhanced role of", 
        "national parliaments and thus the", 
        "importance of Parliament\u2019s information", 
        "offices in the Member States; points out,", 
        "however, that in order to become more", 
        "visible they must adapt their mission", 
        "statement to include strengthening links", 
        "with national parliaments;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 74, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "10. Recognises the enhanced role of", 
        "national parliaments and thus the", 
        "importance of Parliament\u2019s information", 
        "offices in the Member States; points out,", 
        "however, that in order to become more", 
        "visible they must adapt their mission", 
        "statement to include strengthening links", 
        "with national parliaments, local and", 
        "regional authorities and representatives of", 
        "civil society;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 10"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 101, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "15a. Underlines the crucial importance of", 
        "respecting the freedom and editorial", 
        "independence of the media, especially the", 
        "right of public-service radio and television", 
        "broadcasters to schedule their", 
        "programmes as they see fit, in order to", 
        "build a free, open and democratic society;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 15 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "16. Points out that social media have", 
        "immense potential for reaching young", 
        "people and therefore encourages the", 
        "Commission and Parliament to further", 
        "strengthen their activities in this area, in", 
        "particular by involving companies", 
        "specialising in new media communication", 
        "in public-private partnerships;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 105, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16. Points out that social media have", 
        "immense potential for reaching young", 
        "people and therefore encourages the", 
        "Commission and Parliament to further", 
        "strengthen their activities in this area, in", 
        "particular by involving companies", 
        "specialising in new media communication;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "17. Suggests setting up a taskforce of", 
        "independent journalists who are free of", 
        "editorial control, hired from outside the", 
        "EU institutions and based in Brussels,", 
        "with the task of producing daily EU news", 
        "coverage to be published on different", 
        "platforms and channels in accordance", 
        "with journalistic news criteria; suggests", 
        "appointing an independent chief editor for", 
        "this taskforce;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 118, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 17"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "22. Encourages the Member States to", 
        "produce clear public service guidelines on", 
        "coverage of EU affairs and ensure that", 
        "they are respected, acknowledging EU", 
        "reporting as a high priority;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 153, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 22"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 157, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "22a. Stresses the importance of the public", 
        "media in safeguarding the public interest", 
        "and recognises their role as a credible", 
        "source of information since they are", 
        "backed up by a solid infrastructure at", 
        "national level and can bridge the gap", 
        "between EU-level activity and the national", 
        "and local sphere;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 22 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 158, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "22b. Deplores the financial and", 
        "technological challenges currently facing", 
        "the public media, which may considerably", 
        "affect the quality of the information they", 
        "provide, and stresses the need to endow", 
        "them with a level of public funding", 
        "consistent with their remit;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 22 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-441.043%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "23. Encourages public broadcasters to", 
        "create online forums using webstreaming,", 
        "where citizens can follow debate in", 
        "national parliaments and the European", 
        "Parliament;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2015(INI)", 
      "seq": 162, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-05-05T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "23. Underlines the need for the public", 
        "media to take on board communication", 
        "techniques relying on the new media so as", 
        "to increase their credibility via open", 
        "public participation; encourages public", 
        "broadcasters, for example, to create online", 
        "forums using webstreaming, where citizens", 
        "can follow and exchange views on debate", 
        "in national parliaments and the European", 
        "Parliament;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 23"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-439.935%2b02%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "A. whereas quality education and training", 
        "are a must for the new EU 2020 strategy to", 
        "develop the knowledge-based economy", 
        "and to strengthen its social dimension,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 3, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "A. whereas quality education and training", 
        "are a must in terms of personal fulfilment", 
        "of the individual, equality, fighting social", 
        "exclusion and poverty, and active", 
        "citizenship and social cohesion,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "G. whereas more than 80% of primary", 
        "school teachers and 97% of pre-school", 
        "teachers in the Union are women, while in", 
        "the secondary education the equivalent", 
        "figure is only 60%,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 18, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "G. whereas more than 80% of primary", 
        "school teachers and 97% of pre-school", 
        "teachers in the Union are women, while in", 
        "secondary education the equivalent figure", 
        "is only 60%, and in higher education and", 
        "research less than 40%; whereas the", 
        "feminisation of a profession must not lead", 
        "to its becoming devalued,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital G"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "H. whereas the challenges faced by the", 
        "teaching profession are increasing as", 
        "educational environments become more", 
        "complex and heterogeneous: changes in", 
        "information and communication", 
        "technologies (ICT), changes to social and", 
        "family structures, increased immigration", 
        "and the emergence of multicultural", 
        "societies,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 19, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "H. whereas the challenges faced by", 
        "teachers are increasing as educational", 
        "environments become more complex and", 
        "heterogeneous: changes in information and", 
        "communication technologies (ICT),", 
        "changes to social and family structures,", 
        "and multiculturalism,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital H"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 29, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2a. Is concerned at the rise in the number", 
        "of young people who are not fully literate", 
        "at the age of 15 (21.3% in 2000, 24.1% in", 
        "2006);"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "3. Asks the Commission to continue the", 
        "debate on \u2018New Skills for New Jobs\u2019;", 
        "points out that by 2020, 16 million more", 
        "jobs will need high qualifications and four", 
        "million more jobs will need medium", 
        "qualifications, while 12 million fewer jobs", 
        "will require low qualifications; calls for", 
        "this debate to involve all interested parties,", 
        "including teachers, students, business", 
        "people and workers from all sectors;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 30, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Asks the Commission to continue the", 
        "debate on \u2018New Skills for New Jobs\u2019;", 
        "points out that by 2020, 16 million more", 
        "jobs will need high qualifications and four", 
        "million more jobs will need medium", 
        "qualifications, while 12 million fewer jobs", 
        "will require low qualifications; calls for", 
        "this debate to involve all interested parties,", 
        "including teachers, students, civil society", 
        "stakeholders, particularly parents\u2019 and", 
        "students\u2019 associations, and representatives", 
        "of business;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 39, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4a. stresses the importance of a non-", 
        "gender-based education from the", 
        "youngest possible age;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "6. Considers it essential to set up digital", 
        "and media literacy at all levels in education", 
        "and training;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 48, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Considers it essential to set up digital", 
        "and media literacy and to provide an", 
        "introduction to new technologies at all", 
        "levels in education and training;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "7. Underlines the importance of sport in", 
        "education and training and the need to give", 
        "it particular consideration not only", 
        "throughout pre-primary, primary and", 
        "secondary education but through the whole", 
        "life cycle;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 50, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Underlines the importance of providing", 
        "education in art, culture and sport in", 
        "education and training and the need to give", 
        "them particular consideration not only", 
        "throughout pre-primary, primary and", 
        "secondary education but through the whole", 
        "life cycle;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "9. Points out that mobility will not become", 
        "a reality for people without a second", 
        "language: for this reason calls on the", 
        "Member States to introduce the learning of", 
        "a second language at this early stage;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 61, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "9. Stresses the importance of", 
        "multilingualism for mobility: for this", 
        "reason calls on the Member States to", 
        "introduce the learning of a second language", 
        "at an early stage;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 9"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 62, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "9a. Stresses that it is essential to put in", 
        "place educational support measures for", 
        "children of immigrants in order to", 
        "facilitate their adjustment to the", 
        "educational and social environment of the", 
        "host country;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 9 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-439.935%2b02%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 67, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "12a. Supports the idea of an educational", 
        "approach that allows more regular", 
        "consultation of, and greater participation", 
        "by, students in the management of the", 
        "educational process, active participation", 
        "by students\u2019 parents in the educational", 
        "community and the development of a", 
        "confidence-based relationship between", 
        "students and teachers, serving to stimulate", 
        "the spirit of initiative and the acquisition", 
        "of social and civic skills that are essential", 
        "to active citizenship;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 12 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "13. Supports the idea that children acquire", 
        "ICT skills at an early age under proper", 
        "supervision;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 68, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "13. Supports the idea that children acquire", 
        "ICT skills at an early age; considers it", 
        "essential to make children aware of the", 
        "issues of protection of privacy and", 
        "personal data and compliance with the", 
        "rules of copyright;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 13"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-439.935%2b02%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "15. Calls for an encompassing strategy for", 
        "key competence acquisition from school", 
        "curriculum adaptation to support of the", 
        "professional development of teachers and", 
        "trainers;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 74, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "15. Calls for an encompassing strategy for", 
        "key competence acquisition from school", 
        "curriculum adaptation to support of the", 
        "development and continuing training of", 
        "teachers and all members of the", 
        "educational community;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 15"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "16. Calls for enhanced mobility between", 
        "higher education institutions, the business", 
        "world and vocational education and", 
        "training (e.g. students, teachers, employees,", 
        "trainers) to promote the acquisition of", 
        "competences such as entrepreneurship", 
        "and creativity, which are increasingly", 
        "needed on the labour market;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 79, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16. Calls for enhanced mobility between", 
        "higher education institutions, the economic", 
        "and social sector and vocational education", 
        "and training (e.g. students, teachers,", 
        "employees, trainers) in order to give more", 
        "prominence to entrepreneurship in all its", 
        "forms and to creativity, and to promote the", 
        "acquisition of the skills that are needed", 
        "for the development of the labour market;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 85, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16a. Stresses the importance of providing", 
        "all young people with a solid grounding in", 
        "the basic skills that are essential to", 
        "promoting lifelong mobility and enabling", 
        "them to deal with developments in the", 
        "employment market and the emergence of", 
        "new economic and social needs;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 95, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "17a. Is surprised that the Commission", 
        "communication notes the development of", 
        "competition between establishments,", 
        "including in the context of public funding,", 
        "without drawing any conclusions, and", 
        "therefore wishes to call on the Member", 
        "States to be vigilant in this area;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 17 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 100, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "17b. Is surprised that the only possibility", 
        "for new funding is recourse to university-", 
        "business partnerships, and recalls the", 
        "importance of public funding for", 
        "universities;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 17 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "18. Calls on the Member States to", 
        "encourage partnerships (at international,", 
        "national, regional and local level) between", 
        "higher education institutions and the", 
        "business world;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 101, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "18. Calls on the Member States to", 
        "encourage dialogue and cooperation (at", 
        "international, national, regional and local", 
        "level) between higher education", 
        "institutions and other stakeholders in", 
        "society;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 18"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "22. Calls for quick action to tackle the", 
        "growing number of people with low levels", 
        "of reading literacy;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 118, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Does not affect the English version."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 22"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 122, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "23a. Stresses the need to think about the", 
        "measures to be implemented in order to", 
        "meet the target of at least 40% of people", 
        "between 30 and 34 going to university,", 
        "bearing in mind inter alia the wide variety", 
        "of situations in the Member States as", 
        "regards this objective;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 23 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2010/2013(INI)", 
      "seq": 131, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-07-04T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "25a. Recommends to educational and", 
        "training establishments that they seek to", 
        "publicise more widely their programmes", 
        "that are open to adults and to simplify the", 
        "administrative procedures for gaining", 
        "access to these programmes;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 25 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2221(INI)", 
      "seq": 5, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-03-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Underlines the importance of", 
        "ensuring that all young people have a", 
        "solid core of basic competences, essential", 
        "to promote lifelong mobility and to enable", 
        "them to cope with the changes in the", 
        "labour market and the appearance of new", 
        "economic and social needs;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. Underlines the importance of helping", 
        "young people in starting their own", 
        "business, and recommends an EU", 
        "information campaign, in education", 
        "institutes, covering entrepreneurship, start-", 
        "up capital, taxation on start-up business,", 
        "training support;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2221(INI)", 
      "seq": 10, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-03-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Encourages the Member States to", 
        "ensure that the appropriate bodies fully", 
        "assist young people in starting their own", 
        "business when they wish to do so, and", 
        "recommends a comprehensive EU", 
        "information campaign, in education", 
        "institutes, covering entrepreneurship in all", 
        "its forms, including the cooperative and", 
        "voluntary sectors, with the involvement of", 
        "other relevant actors in the field (NGOs,", 
        "SMEs, etc.);"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "3. Considers essential the establishment of", 
        "partnerships between the education and", 
        "work, and calls for the improvement of the", 
        "mobility of students, teachers and", 
        "employees;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2221(INI)", 
      "seq": 18, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-03-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Considers dialogue and cooperation", 
        "between education and all economic and", 
        "social actors to be important, and calls for", 
        "the improvement of the mobility of", 
        "students, teachers and employees;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "6. Considers that apprentices should be", 
        "properly trained and that this on-the-job", 
        "training should serve as a means to acquire", 
        "competences and skills; supports", 
        "strengthening the link between education", 
        "and work, and suggests that in addition to", 
        "technology and science, also foreign", 
        "languages should be taught;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2221(INI)", 
      "seq": 41, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-03-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Considers that apprentices should be", 
        "properly trained and that this on-the-job", 
        "training, in particular, should serve as a", 
        "means to acquire competences and skills;", 
        "supports strengthening the link between", 
        "education and work, and suggests that in", 
        "addition to acquiring technical and", 
        "scientific knowledge, a good level of", 
        "general culture should be gained and", 
        "foreign languages should be taught;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6"
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      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "7. Recalls that the new EU 2020 strategy", 
        "has a crucial role to play in improving", 
        "citizens' employability; young people being", 
        "a key factor in achieving its objectives,", 
        "considers it essential that they be provided", 
        "with better education and training."
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2221(INI)", 
      "seq": 49, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-03-29T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Recalls that the new EU 2020 strategy", 
        "has a crucial role to play in improving", 
        "citizens' employability; young people being", 
        "the most significant group affected by this", 
        "issue, considers it essential that they be", 
        "provided with better education and", 
        "training."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 7"
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      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "seq": 1, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Aa. whereas, in view of their threefold", 
        "function (education, research and", 
        "innovation), universities have a vital part", 
        "to play in the future of the Union and the", 
        "education of its citizens, and whereas the", 
        "role of higher education is to provide a", 
        "learning environment that promotes", 
        "autonomy, creativity and optimum use of", 
        "knowledge,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A a (new)"
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      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "C. whereas it is urgent to implement,", 
        "coordinate and promote a coherent", 
        "approach among all those countries having", 
        "signed the Bologna Process, especially in", 
        "the field of student mobility and full", 
        "recognition of diplomas,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 4, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "C. whereas it is urgent to implement,", 
        "coordinate and promote a coherent", 
        "approach among all those countries having", 
        "signed the Bologna Process, especially in", 
        "the field of student mobility and full", 
        "recognition of diplomas, and to do so", 
        "necessitates a proper assessment of the", 
        "said process that identifies the difficulties,", 
        "obstacles and misunderstandings", 
        "encountered by students,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital C"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
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      "old": [
        "E. whereas the diverse range of higher", 
        "education institutions, business circles and", 
        "types of cooperation makes it hard to", 
        "agree on an ideal cooperation model that", 
        "would match the profile, priorities and", 
        "requirements of every institution in", 
        "Europe,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 6, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "E. whereas the diverse range of higher", 
        "education institutions, economic players", 
        "and types of cooperation makes it essential", 
        "to seek the ideal cooperation model suited", 
        "to the profile, priorities and requirements", 
        "of every institution in Europe"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "F. whereas it is important to support", 
        "universities financially (for example", 
        "through public-private partnerships),", 
        "while at the same time guaranteeing their", 
        "autonomy and quality assurance,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "F. whereas it is important to support", 
        "universities financially first and foremost", 
        "through sufficient public funding, while", 
        "at the same time guaranteeing their", 
        "autonomy and quality assurance,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital F"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "G. whereas education and training are vital", 
        "elements of lifelong learning and have", 
        "multiple benefits that go beyond job", 
        "creation and the promotion of", 
        "competitiveness,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 12, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "G. whereas education and training are vital", 
        "elements of lifelong learning and, beyond", 
        "job creation and the promotion of", 
        "competitiveness, are essential for cultural", 
        "and intellectual plurality and civic life,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital G"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "1. Welcomes the above-mentioned", 
        "Commission communication entitled \u2018A", 
        "new partnership for the modernisation of", 
        "Europe\u2019s universities: the EU Forum for", 
        "University Business Dialogue\u2019, and the", 
        "areas on which it proposes to focus future", 
        "cooperation;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Wishes to have an assessment of the", 
        "above-mentioned Commission", 
        "communication entitled \u2018A new partnership", 
        "for the modernisation of Europe\u2019s", 
        "universities: the EU Forum for University", 
        "Business Dialogue\u2019;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 18, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Stresses that the university is a major,", 
        "nearly millennial European heritage", 
        "whose importance for the progress of", 
        "society cannot be reduced to its", 
        "contribution to the economy and whose", 
        "development cannot depend solely on the", 
        "present mode of economic organisation;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. Endorses the view that cooperation", 
        "between business and higher education", 
        "institutions should remain a priority for the", 
        "near future;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 19, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Endorses the view that dialogue and", 
        "cooperation between business and higher", 
        "education institutions should remain one of", 
        "the priorities for the near future, along", 
        "with dialogue and cooperation with all", 
        "other sectors of society, so that all", 
        "stakeholders can benefit from the", 
        "cultural, scientific and technical", 
        "knowledge produced and disseminated by", 
        "higher education institutions;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 25, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2a. Considers it desirable to support", 
        "dialogue between higher education", 
        "institutions and the other players in", 
        "society such as business enterprises while", 
        "in no way subjecting the development", 
        "strategies of universities to the needs of", 
        "economic players alone, so as to respect", 
        "the role which society expects universities", 
        "to play;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 26, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2b. Considers that cooperation between", 
        "business and universities must not stand", 
        "in the way of the universities\u2019 other", 
        "priorities, which call for the study of all", 
        "fields of knowledge;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-439.315%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 27, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2c. Considers it necessary to strengthen", 
        "the interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary", 
        "nature of education and research", 
        "programmes as well as cooperation", 
        "among universities, and that ICT are an", 
        "essential tool in this respect;"
      ], 
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        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2 c (new)"
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    }, 
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      "old": [
        "3. Calls for improvements in the", 
        "performance of European universities", 
        "through the implementation of the", 
        "principle of the \u2018research-education-", 
        "innovation\u2019 knowledge triangle, bearing in", 
        "mind the need for better business-", 
        "university links;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 29, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Considers that the implementation of", 
        "the principle of the \u2018research-education-", 
        "innovation\u2019 knowledge triangle, while", 
        "bearing in mind the need for better", 
        "business-university links, should be", 
        "subjected to overall assessments taking", 
        "account of all the priorities of the", 
        "education system;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "4. Recalls the importance of the definition", 
        "of lifelong learning and the many concepts", 
        "it covers, ranging from general education", 
        "to non-formal and informal learning", 
        "throughout life and vocational education", 
        "and training;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 36, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Recalls the importance of the definition", 
        "of lifelong learning and the many concepts", 
        "it covers, ranging from general education", 
        "to non-formal and informal learning useful", 
        "for economic, social, cultural and civic", 
        "life and vocational education and training;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 38, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4a. Welcomes the communiqu\u00e9 of the", 
        "Conference of European Ministers", 
        "Responsible for Higher Education of 28-", 
        "29 April 2009, which stresses their", 
        "commitment to \u2018the goals of the European", 
        "Higher Education Area, which is an area", 
        "where higher education is a public", 
        "responsibility, and where all higher", 
        "education institutions are responsive to", 
        "the wider needs of society through the", 
        "diversity of their missions\u2019; recalls that", 
        "employment opportunities for graduates", 
        "of higher education institutions vary", 
        "considerably according to the studies", 
        "pursued and that, to derive maximum", 
        "benefit from this diversity, which is", 
        "essential to society, scientific and", 
        "technical specialisms should not be", 
        "favoured to the detriment of the", 
        "humanities and social sciences nor should", 
        "measures be promoted that would place", 
        "the various types of university course in", 
        "competition with each other;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4 a (new)"
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    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "5. Recalls that one of the key messages is", 
        "to raise the level of investment in Europe\u2019s", 
        "human resources in order to give priority", 
        "to the EU\u2019s most important asset \u2013 its", 
        "people, the focal point of the Union\u2019s", 
        "policies;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 41, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Recalls that one of the key messages is", 
        "to raise the level of investment in sectors", 
        "that make it possible to give priority to the", 
        "EU\u2019s most important asset \u2013 its people,", 
        "who must be the focal point of the Union\u2019s", 
        "policies;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 5"
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      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "6. Points out the need to match lifelong", 
        "learning opportunities as closely as", 
        "possible to the needs of individuals, and", 
        "emphasises that the constantly changing", 
        "nature of those needs makes continuing", 
        "education an inevitable necessity; recalls", 
        "that there is no longer any such thing as a", 
        "\u2018job for life\u2019 and that retraining is essential;", 
        "reiterates that a learning culture needs to", 
        "be encouraged from childhood;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 44, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Points out the need to match lifelong", 
        "learning opportunities as closely as", 
        "possible to the needs of individuals, and", 
        "emphasises that the constantly changing", 
        "nature of those needs makes continuing", 
        "education an inevitable necessity; recalls", 
        "that there is no longer any such thing as a", 
        "\u2018job for life\u2019 and that retraining is essential,", 
        "in which respect the acquisition of basic", 
        "knowledge and a good level of general", 
        "culture is a key factor in professional", 
        "mobility;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 54, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7a. Stresses that, from the viewpoint of", 
        "demography and that of North-South", 
        "relations, it is essential to promote the", 
        "reception of young students from the", 
        "countries of the South and to adapt", 
        "immigration policies accordingly;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "10. Suggests a new approach of guidance", 
        "through life, whereby universities, students", 
        "and the business world would benefit from", 
        "following up young graduates more closely", 
        "in order to assess the usefulness of", 
        "education programmes;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 61, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "10. Suggests a new approach of guidance", 
        "through life, whereby universities, students", 
        "and the whole range of economic and", 
        "social sectors would benefit from", 
        "following up young graduates more closely", 
        "in order to assess the economic and social", 
        "usefulness of education programmes;"
      ], 
      "location": [
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          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 10"
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      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "11. Reiterates that mobility is a cornerstone", 
        "of the European higher education area, in", 
        "which European universities are invited to", 
        "undertake innovative, far-reaching and", 
        "methodical curricular reform; affirms that", 
        "this should be a political priority in the", 
        "context of redefining the major goals of the", 
        "Bologna Process beyond 2010;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 63, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "11. Reiterates that mobility is a cornerstone", 
        "of the European higher education area, of", 
        "which European universities are invited to", 
        "take greater account in their curricula;", 
        "affirms that this should be a political", 
        "priority in the context of redefining the", 
        "major goals of the Bologna Process beyond", 
        "2010;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "13. Asks the Commission to propose a", 
        "legal framework designed to support and", 
        "facilitate mobility between universities and", 
        "business and to emphasise the need to", 
        "recognise and certify this form of learning;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 67, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "13. Asks the Commission to propose a", 
        "legal framework designed to support and", 
        "facilitate mobility between universities and", 
        "social and economic players and to", 
        "emphasise the need to recognise and certify", 
        "this form of learning;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 13"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "16. Recalls that in times of crisis being an", 
        "entrepreneur is not a choice; supports the", 
        "idea of integrating a culture of", 
        "entrepreneurship into curricula (beginning", 
        "early with primary curricula);"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 78, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16. Supports the idea of integrating", 
        "commercial and non-commercial", 
        "entrepreneurship into curricula as an", 
        "essential component of active and", 
        "responsible citizenship;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "17. Encourages the business world to", 
        "participate actively in the design of", 
        "educational material on entrepreneurship", 
        "to be made available at all levels of", 
        "education;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 86, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "17. Encourages economic players to", 
        "participate actively in the design of", 
        "educational materials on entrepreneurship", 
        "to be made available at all levels of", 
        "education and stresses that such materials", 
        "must respect freedom of enterprise and", 
        "demonstrate the value of the various", 
        "forms of entrepreneurship in both", 
        "partnerships and business corporations;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 17"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "18. Recalls that young graduates will", 
        "enhance their career opportunities if", 
        "higher education institutions foster", 
        "innovation and an entrepreneurial mindset", 
        "among students, encouraging them, for", 
        "instance, to establish their own spin-off", 
        "firms;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 91, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "18. Recalls that commercial", 
        "entrepreneurship in its various forms", 
        "should be envisaged as one of the possible", 
        "professions for young graduates and that", 
        "it is essential for higher education", 
        "institutions to provide students with", 
        "detailed knowledge of all forms of", 
        "entrepreneurship, including the social", 
        "and charitable economy, encouraging", 
        "them, for instance, to establish their own", 
        "spin-off firms;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 18"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 105, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "21a. Welcomes the communiqu\u00e9 of the", 
        "Conference of European Ministers", 
        "Responsible for Higher Education of 28-", 
        "29 April 2009 calling for public policies", 
        "that \u2018fully recognise the value of various", 
        "missions of higher education, ranging", 
        "from teaching and research to community", 
        "service and engagement in social", 
        "cohesion and cultural development\u2019;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 21 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-439.315%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "23. Encourages the Commission to", 
        "continue promoting dialogue at national,", 
        "local and regional level with a focus on", 
        "best practices, especially where such", 
        "dialogue involves all the interested parties", 
        "(for example the social partners), with a", 
        "view to highlighting the economic and", 
        "social added-value of collaboration", 
        "between the two worlds of university and", 
        "business;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2099(INI)", 
      "seq": 108, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "23. Encourages the Commission to", 
        "continue promoting dialogue at national,", 
        "local and regional level with a focus on", 
        "best practices, and to ensure that such", 
        "dialogue involves all the interested parties", 
        "(for example the social partners) and all", 
        "types of enterprise (SMEs, social and", 
        "charitable enterprises, etc., as well as", 
        "representatives of third countries (NGOs,", 
        "etc.), with a view to highlighting the", 
        "economic and social added-value of", 
        "collaboration between the two worlds of", 
        "university and business;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 23"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "B. whereas all young people are an", 
        "important resource to society and should", 
        "be recognised as such,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "B. whereas all young people are an", 
        "integral part of society and should be", 
        "recognised as such,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital B"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "C. whereas, while European youth is", 
        "exposed to growing unemployment rates", 
        "and is badly affected by the economic", 
        "crisis, securing appropriate and high-", 
        "quality employment is important,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 12, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "C. whereas, while European youth is", 
        "exposed to growing unemployment rates", 
        "and job insecurity which are compounded", 
        "by the current economic crisis, securing", 
        "appropriate, lasting and high-quality", 
        "employment is important,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital C"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "D. whereas equal access for all young", 
        "people to high-quality education and", 
        "training at all levels should be supported,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 16, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "D. whereas equal access for all young", 
        "people to high-quality education and", 
        "training at all levels should be supported;", 
        "whereas such education and training", 
        "should under no circumstances be", 
        "tailored solely to job-related objectives", 
        "alone and fail to provide the general", 
        "knowledge that tomorrow's citizens will", 
        "need,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital D"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "E. whereas young people\u2019s transition", 
        "between education and training and the", 
        "labour market should be facilitated and", 
        "early school-leaving reduced,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 18, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "E. whereas young people\u2019s transition", 
        "between education and training and the", 
        "labour market should be facilitated,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 19, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ea. whereas absolute priority should be", 
        "given as a matter of urgency to the", 
        "problems of early school-leaving and", 
        "illiteracy, in particular among adolescents", 
        "and the youth prison population,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "F. whereas health care for young people is", 
        "of great importance and may be affected by", 
        "a polluted environment and poor housing,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 20, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "F. whereas issues relating to health,", 
        "housing and the environment are of great", 
        "importance for young people and can have", 
        "a serious impact on their lives and future,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital F"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "H. whereas an effective youth policy can", 
        "contribute to the development of a", 
        "European mentality,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 25, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "H. whereas an effective youth policy can", 
        "contribute to the development of civic", 
        "awareness among young people, which is", 
        "of the utmost importance for European", 
        "youth policy,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital H"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "5. Underlines that the Open Method of", 
        "Coordination needs to be carried by a", 
        "strong political will on the part of the", 
        "Member States if it is to deliver maximum", 
        "results;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 38, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Underlines that the Open Method of", 
        "Coordination needs to be carried by a", 
        "strong political will on the part of all those", 
        "involved if it is to deliver maximum", 
        "results; calls on the Commission, the", 
        "Member States and youth representatives", 
        "to play an active part in implementing a", 
        "youth strategy;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "7. Stresses the need to develop clear and", 
        "user-friendly indicators both at European", 
        "and national level which make it possible", 
        "to measure and compare progress on the", 
        "implementation of commonly set", 
        "objectives; underlines the importance of", 
        "constant monitoring and evaluation;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 40, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Stresses the need to develop clear and", 
        "user-friendly indicators both at European", 
        "and national level which make it possible", 
        "to measure and compare progress on the", 
        "implementation of commonly set", 
        "objectives; underlines the importance of", 
        "constant monitoring and evaluation;", 
        "proposes that these indicators be", 
        "developed by a working party involving", 
        "representatives of the Commission,", 
        "Parliament, the Member States, youth", 
        "organisations and other civil society", 
        "representatives;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "9. Considers that, in order to have a", 
        "complete EU strategy for youth, the", 
        "formulation of youth policies and of EU", 
        "programmes and actions should go hand in", 
        "hand in an accurate and transparent way;", 
        "stresses the need to mobilise the EU", 
        "programmes and social funds for youth and", 
        "to facilitate access to them;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 51, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "9. Considers that, in order to have a", 
        "complete EU strategy for youth, the", 
        "formulation of youth policies and of EU", 
        "programmes and actions should go hand in", 
        "hand in an accurate and transparent way;", 
        "stresses the need to mobilise the EU", 
        "programmes and social funds for youth and", 
        "to facilitate access to them; highlights the", 
        "importance of young people being", 
        "involved in implementing youth", 
        "programmes so that their needs can be", 
        "better taken into account;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 9"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "12. Underlines the importance of", 
        "minimising all kinds of discrimination", 
        "among young people;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 63, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "12. Underlines the importance of", 
        "combating, as far as possible, all kinds of", 
        "discrimination among young people and", 
        "stresses the importance of a non-gender-", 
        "based education from the youngest", 
        "possible age;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 12"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "16. Strongly encourages Member States to", 
        "promote learning and training mobility for", 
        "students and youth workers, which is a", 
        "key factor for gaining learning and", 
        "working experience;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 85, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16. Strongly encourages Member States to", 
        "promote learning and training mobility for", 
        "all young people, which is a key factor for", 
        "gaining learning and working experience;", 
        "calls on the Commission to make an effort", 
        "to improve communication with", 
        "educational establishments which receive", 
        "support under the Comenius and", 
        "Leonardo programmes;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "17. Calls on the Member States to offer", 
        "sufficient opportunities and incentives for", 
        "\u2018second chances\u2019;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 90, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "17. Calls on the Member States to offer", 
        "sufficient opportunities and incentives for", 
        "\u2018second chances\u2019, but stresses the", 
        "importance of supporting activities", 
        "outside the education system in order to", 
        "reduce early school-leaving rates;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 17"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "18. Underlines the importance of", 
        "supporting young people with a migrant", 
        "background in achieving the necessary", 
        "command of the language and familiarising", 
        "themselves with the culture of the host", 
        "Member State;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 97, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "18. Underlines the importance of", 
        "supporting young people with a migrant", 
        "background in achieving the necessary", 
        "command of the language and familiarising", 
        "themselves with the culture of the host", 
        "Member State, which can only be done if", 
        "the host Member State takes all possible", 
        "measures to ensure that these young", 
        "people know and preserve their own", 
        "cultural heritage, thereby contributing", 
        "considerably to the integration of the", 
        "entire migrant family;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 18"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "19. Is extremely concerned about the", 
        "increasing numbers of unemployed young", 
        "people, especially in the current economic", 
        "crisis;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 112, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "19. Is extremely concerned about the", 
        "increasing numbers of young people who", 
        "are unemployed or have no job security,", 
        "especially in the current economic crisis;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 19"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 124, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "20 a. Calls on the Member States to", 
        "guarantee the total transferability of", 
        "acquired social benefits so as not to", 
        "jeopardise welfare protection for young", 
        "workers who have opted for mobility;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 20 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "21. Suggests promoting an", 
        "entrepreneurial culture; underlines the", 
        "importance of young people entering into", 
        "entrepreneurship on an informed basis;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 126, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "21. Underlines the importance of young", 
        "people entering into entrepreneurship on an", 
        "informed basis, which means, inter alia,", 
        "that they should be made aware of the", 
        "different forms of entrepreneurship and", 
        "in particular of the business models which", 
        "are part of the social economy;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 21"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "25. Strongly encourages enhancing the", 
        "participation of young people and youth", 
        "organisations in the formulation of youth", 
        "policy through the structured dialogue and", 
        "with the help of new technologies;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 151, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "25. Strongly encourages enhancing the", 
        "participation of young people and youth", 
        "organisations in the formulation of youth", 
        "policy through ongoing structured dialogue", 
        "and with the help of new technologies;", 
        "welcomes the establishment of a standing", 
        "working party bringing together", 
        "representatives of the Member States and", 
        "the European Youth Forum;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 25"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 152, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "25a. Deplores the symbolic nature of the", 
        "events held under the structured dialogue;", 
        "proposes that a small number of", 
        "long-term, inclusive local forms of", 
        "dialogue be established in order to attract", 
        "an increasingly wide range of young", 
        "people;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 25 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "27. Regrets that no specific action is", 
        "proposed in order to better communicate", 
        "EU programmes to young people;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 163, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "27. Regrets that no specific action is", 
        "proposed in order to better communicate", 
        "EU programmes to young people;", 
        "deplores the fact that youth information", 
        "policy is not based on the ERYICA", 
        "criteria;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 27"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 167, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "28a. Is surprised at the lack of any explicit", 
        "reference to cultural issues in the", 
        "Commission communication; adds that", 
        "such issues cannot come down only to", 
        "entrepreneurship and the use of new", 
        "technologies;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 28 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 168, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "28b. Stresses the importance of", 
        "supporting and recognising youth culture", 
        "when the Member States allocate funds,", 
        "as this is essential for developing young", 
        "people's creativity;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 28 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "31. Takes the view that youth volunteering", 
        "should be supported without discriminating", 
        "against disadvantaged young people who", 
        "cannot afford the luxury of committing", 
        "themselves to volunteering;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 177, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "31. Takes the view that unpaid work by", 
        "young people should be supported without", 
        "discriminating against young people who", 
        "are disadvantaged because of their gender", 
        "or their social, cultural or economic", 
        "background, since unpaid involvement in", 
        "an activity should not be regarded as a", 
        "luxury for them;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 31"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "33. Stresses also the need to develop more", 
        "outreach programmes for marginalised", 
        "groups, such as legal immigrants, people", 
        "with special needs, homeless people and", 
        "others;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 187, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "33. Stresses also the need to develop more", 
        "outreach programmes for marginalised", 
        "groups, such as young immigrants and all", 
        "those with special needs (the disabled,", 
        "homeless people, those in casual", 
        "employment, etc.);"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 33"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 192, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "33a. Recommends that priority be given in", 
        "each Member State to ensuring that no", 
        "young minors are denied access to social", 
        "care;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 33 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 193, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Lothar Bisky, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "33b. Stresses the importance of an", 
        "inclusive digital environment; encourages", 
        "Member States to develop, as part of their", 
        "formal and informal education systems,", 
        "concepts which guarantee access to", 
        "information, education and culture and", 
        "improve young people's media skills;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 33 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 203, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "35a. Welcomes the fact that the Council", 
        "resolution takes into account the role", 
        "played by social and cultural activities,", 
        "which complements that of the education", 
        "system and of families; notes that such", 
        "activities also contribute decisively to the", 
        "fight against discrimination and", 
        "inequality and facilitate young people's", 
        "access to leisure pursuits, culture and", 
        "sport;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 35 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.492%2b03%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2009/2159(INI)", 
      "seq": 204, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-03T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "35b. Takes the view that Community", 
        "programmes and funds should reflect", 
        "Europe's ambitions for young people;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 35 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.393%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "6. Calls for the start-up of transatlantic", 
        "1", 
        "OJ C41 E, 19.2.2009, p. 80.", 
        "talks between the US and the EU", 
        "administrations in order to further", 
        "internationalise ICANN and to develop a", 
        "model of governance guaranteeing free", 
        "access and global security of the Internet,", 
        "including the protection of personal data", 
        "and privacy;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2229(INI)", 
      "seq": 10, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Calls for the EU to start talks in order to", 
        "further internationalise ICANN and to", 
        "develop a model of governance", 
        "guaranteeing free access and global", 
        "security of the Internet, including the", 
        "protection of personal data and privacy;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2229(INI)", 
      "seq": 15, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7a. Hopes that the European Union will", 
        "incorporate provisions concerning the", 
        "question of ethics in partnership", 
        "agreements, particularly when they", 
        "include a section on culture;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 7 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "2. Underlines the importance of teaching", 
        "secondary school students how to use", 
        "online resources, in particular", 
        "governmental ones, in order to make them", 
        "familiar with ICT and to increase their", 
        "interest in the political environment;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2225(INI)", 
      "seq": 21, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Underlines the importance of", 
        "familiarising children as early as possible", 
        "with uses of the Internet and including ad", 
        "hoc programmes in primary school", 
        "teaching which will teach pupils how to", 
        "use online resources actively and", 
        "creatively;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2225(INI)", 
      "seq": 27, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2a. Suggests that introductory courses in", 
        "ICT should be made available to everyone", 
        "in all Member States in order to combat", 
        "the digital divide, particularly in countries", 
        "where e-administration is being", 
        "developed, as this could not fail to help", 
        "strengthen social cohesion and public", 
        "awareness;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "3. Recognises the importance of e-learning", 
        "as a method of education adapted to ICT", 
        "innovations, but underlines the need for the", 
        "exchange of information between teachers,", 
        "students and other interested parties;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2225(INI)", 
      "seq": 32, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Recognises the importance of e-learning", 
        "as a method of education adapted to ICT", 
        "innovations which can meet the needs of", 
        "people who do not have ready access to", 
        "conventional educational methods, but", 
        "underlines the need for the exchange of", 
        "information between teachers, students and", 
        "other interested parties;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2225(INI)", 
      "seq": 36, 
      "orig_lang": "pt", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Rui Tavares, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3a. Recommends launching an inquiry at", 
        "European level with a view to obtaining", 
        "precise indicators from each Member", 
        "State concerning ICT use and", 
        "requirements at local level, so as to boost", 
        "cooperation between official bodies and", 
        "civil society in order to define objectives", 
        "and priorities for a new strategy for", 
        "Europe's information society;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.396%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "4. Recommends that an EU-level", 
        "information campaign be initiated in order", 
        "to achieve a higher level of awareness;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2225(INI)", 
      "seq": 39, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Recommends that an EU-level", 
        "information campaign be initiated in order", 
        "to achieve a higher level of awareness,", 
        "particularly in terms of issues concerning", 
        "the protection of private life, personal", 
        "data protection and compliance with", 
        "copyright rules;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-438.396%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "6. Calls for the creation of a European", 
        "Portal, where Union citizens would have", 
        "access to European films as well as other", 
        "European cultural events such as concerts", 
        "and plays, through the use of Video-On-", 
        "Demand (VOD);"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2225(INI)", 
      "seq": 51, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-02-02T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Calls for the establishment of a", 
        "European digital platform using a range", 
        "of instruments (Video-On-Demand (VOD)", 
        "and an Internet portal), where Union", 
        "citizens would have access to European", 
        "films as well as other European cultural", 
        "events such as concerts and plays;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "A. whereas in a digital environment it is", 
        "essential to guarantee universal access to", 
        "European cultural heritage and to ensure", 
        "that it be preserved for generations to", 
        "come,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 2, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "A. whereas in a digital environment it is", 
        "essential to guarantee and simplify", 
        "universal access to European cultural", 
        "heritage and to ensure that it be promoted", 
        "and preserved for generations to come,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 3, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Aa. whereas, with reference to the", 
        "digitisation of European cultural heritage", 
        "materials, a European policy in the field", 
        "of culture is essential and shows a strong", 
        "public commitment by the European", 
        "Union and its Member States to", 
        "preserving, respecting and promoting", 
        "cultural diversity,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "D. whereas account must be taken of the", 
        "rapid development of new technologies", 
        "with resulting changes in cultural practices,", 
        "and of existing digitisation projects outside", 
        "Europe, such as Google Books and the", 
        "results of the settlement of its case in the", 
        "United States of America,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 7, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "D. whereas account must be taken of the", 
        "rapid development of new technologies,", 
        "resulting changes in cultural practices and", 
        "existing digitisation projects outside", 
        "Europe, particularly those in the United", 
        "States,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital D"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 11, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ea. whereas the fact that all new books", 
        "are now being produced in a digital", 
        "format prior to being printed on paper", 
        "makes it easy, notwithstanding the", 
        "copyright issue, for them to be made", 
        "available on Europeana for a derisory", 
        "sum,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "G. whereas digital technology also", 
        "constitutes a remarkable tool for disabled", 
        "people,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 15, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "G. whereas digital technology also", 
        "constitutes a remarkable tool for people", 
        "coming up against barriers to their access", 
        "to culture (disability, financial problems,", 
        "rural location, cultural minorities, etc.),"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital G"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-430.897%2b02%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "I. whereas urgent efforts are needed to", 
        "solve the issue of a \"black hole\" with", 
        "regard to 20th and 21st century content,", 
        "where works of high cultural value are", 
        "languishing unused; whereas any", 
        "solution must take proper account of the", 
        "interests of all parties involved,"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "I. whereas urgent efforts are needed to", 
        "bring to prominence 20th and 21st century", 
        "works, particularly those over which the", 
        "author still has rights which should be", 
        "preserved, and to make contemporary", 
        "works known to a wider public while", 
        "taking account of the interests of all parties", 
        "involved, users, authors, publishers and", 
        "cultural institutions,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital I"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 23, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ia. whereas digitisation of cultural works", 
        "can constitute a tremendous tool for adult", 
        "education whereby elite culture and mass", 
        "commercial culture can be guarded", 
        "against, taking into account the quality of", 
        "the works and not just their commercial", 
        "profitability,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital I a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-430.897%2b02%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1. Welcomes the opening and development", 
        "of the European digital library, museum", 
        "and archive for high-quality content named", 
        "Europeana, as a single, direct and", 
        "multilingual access point and gateway to", 
        "European cultural heritage;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 25, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Welcomes the opening and development", 
        "of the European Union digital library,", 
        "museum and archive for high-quality", 
        "content named Europeana, as a single,", 
        "direct and multilingual access point and", 
        "gateway to European cultural heritage;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-430.897%2b02%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "4. Emphasises the potential economic", 
        "benefits of digitisation, as digitised cultural", 
        "assets have an important economic impact,", 
        "especially on culture-related industries, and", 
        "underpin the knowledge economy;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 31, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Emphasises the potential economic", 
        "benefits of digitisation, as digitised cultural", 
        "assets have an important economic impact,", 
        "especially on culture-related industries, and", 
        "underpin the knowledge economy, all the", 
        "while bearing in mind the fact that", 
        "cultural assets are not standard economic", 
        "goods and must be protected from", 
        "excessive commercialisation;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "5. Points out that the portal should take into", 
        "account the needs of disabled people, who", 
        "should be able to get full access to Europe's", 
        "collective knowledge; therefore", 
        "encourages publishers to make more", 
        "works available in formats accessible to", 
        "disabled persons;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 33, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Points out that the portal should take into", 
        "account the needs of people who have", 
        "problems accessing culture (the disabled,", 
        "people in financial difficulties, people", 
        "living in rural areas, cultural minorities,", 
        "etc.), who should be able to get full access", 
        "to Europe\u2019s collective knowledge, and", 
        "undertakes therefore to encourage", 
        "publishers to make more works available", 
        "under conditions and in formats allowing", 
        "such people access to culture;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "7. Urges the Commission and Member", 
        "States to take all necessary steps to avoid a", 
        "knowledge gap between Europe and the", 
        "United States of America and to ensure full", 
        "access for Europeans to their own cultural", 
        "heritage;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 38, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Urges the Commission and Member", 
        "States to take all necessary steps to avoid a", 
        "knowledge gap between Europe and the", 
        "United States of America and to ensure full", 
        "access for Europeans to their own cultural", 
        "heritage in all its diversity, as well as", 
        "facilitating access thereto for the whole", 
        "world;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "8. Welcomes the Commission's decision to", 
        "renew the mandate of the High Level", 
        "Expert Group, as it contributes to a shared", 
        "vision for European digital libraries, and", 
        "supports practical solutions for key issues", 
        "affecting online accessibility of cultural", 
        "material;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 42, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "8. Welcomes the Commission's decision to", 
        "renew the mandate of the High Level", 
        "Expert Group, as it contributes to a shared", 
        "vision for European digital libraries, and", 
        "supports practical solutions for key issues", 
        "affecting online accessibility of cultural", 
        "assets;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 8"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-430.897%2b02%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "9. Encourages content providers to increase", 
        "the diversity of the types of content for", 
        "Europeana, especially audio and video", 
        "content, paying special attention to those", 
        "works which deteriorate easily, while", 
        "respecting intellectual property rights", 
        "especially performers' rights;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 46, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "9. Encourages content providers to increase", 
        "the diversity of the types of content for", 
        "Europeana, especially audio and video", 
        "content, paying special attention to those", 
        "works which deteriorate easily, while", 
        "respecting intellectual property rights,", 
        "especially authors and performers' rights;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 9"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 50, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "11a. Considers that Europeana, being an", 
        "online public library, must make", 
        "provision for users to freely access recent", 
        "works in the same way as happens in", 
        "traditional public libraries, where readers", 
        "do not pay a specific price for each", 
        "individual work that interests them;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 11 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-430.897%2b02%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "13. Endorses the Commission's intention to", 
        "establish a simple and cost-efficient rights", 
        "clearance system for the digitisation of", 
        "published works and their availability on", 
        "the Internet, working in close cooperation", 
        "with all the stakeholders involved;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 55, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "13. Endorses the Commission's intention to", 
        "establish, for all the stakeholders involved,", 
        "a simple and cost-efficient rights clearance", 
        "system for the digitisation of published", 
        "works and their availability on the Internet,", 
        "working in close cooperation with all the", 
        "stakeholders involved, including users;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 13"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "18. Stresses that, in order to meet the high", 
        "costs of digitisation and time pressures,", 
        "new methods of financing must be", 
        "developed, such as public-private", 
        "partnerships on the basis of well-", 
        "understood conditions and common", 
        "guidelines;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 69, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "18. Stresses that, in order to meet the high", 
        "costs of digitisation and time pressures,", 
        "new methods of financing must be", 
        "developed, such as public-private", 
        "partnerships on the basis of well-", 
        "understood conditions and common", 
        "guidelines so that these partnerships do", 
        "not jeopardise the cultural sector\u2019s public", 
        "interest activities and access to culture for", 
        "all;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 18"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "20. Proposes to organise a campaign", 
        "entitled \"Join Europeana\" on funding", 
        "efforts in order to heighten awareness of", 
        "the issue and its urgency, and recommends", 
        "that part of the resources earmarked for", 
        "Europeana should be devoted to promoting", 
        "this library among the broadest possible", 
        "public;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 85, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "20. Proposes to organise a campaign", 
        "entitled \"Join Europeana\" on funding", 
        "efforts in order to heighten awareness of", 
        "the issue and its urgency, and recommends", 
        "that part of the resources earmarked for", 
        "Europeana should be devoted to promoting", 
        "among the broadest possible public a", 
        "library containing as wide-ranging a", 
        "collection of works as possible on all", 
        "forms of media (text, audio, video);"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 20"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "22. Believes that cultural institutions must", 
        "continue to play a major role in the future", 
        "governance model of Europeana;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/2158(INI)", 
      "seq": 90, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2010-01-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "22. Believes that cultural institutions must", 
        "continue to play a major role in the", 
        "governance, which should be as", 
        "democratic as possible, of the Europeana", 
        "project and that local cultural institutions", 
        "must be given autonomy in choosing, with", 
        "due regard for cultural diversity and a", 
        "Europe open to the world, the works to be", 
        "digitised and made available to the public;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 22"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "justification": "The development of human resources is an ambiguous term borrowed from economics which\nis not appropriate for voluntary activities. It is necessary to define their scope better and to\nsee to it that voluntary activities contribute to the prosperity of our society. It is important to\npromote their role in order to contribute to more participatory democracy.", 
      "old": [
        "(3) Volunteering constitutes a non-formal", 
        "learning experience which enables both the", 
        "development of professional skills and", 
        "competences as well as a major form of", 
        "active civic participation. Actions carried", 
        "out by volunteers of all ages are crucial to", 
        "the development of democracy, one of the", 
        "founding principles of the European", 
        "Union, and contribute to the development", 
        "of human resources and to the social", 
        "cohesion."
      ], 
      "seq": 23, 
      "reference": "2009/0072(CNS)", 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2009-11-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(3) Voluntary activities constitute a non-", 
        "formal learning experience which enables", 
        "the development of professional and social", 
        "skills and competences as well as a major", 
        "form of active civic participation. Actions", 
        "carried out by volunteers of all ages are", 
        "crucial to better management of the public", 
        "sphere and to the promotion of citizenship", 
        "and of more participatory democracy.", 
        "Voluntary activities contribute to the", 
        "harmonious development of European", 
        "society with regard to solidarity and the", 
        "fight against all forms of discrimination.", 
        "They contribute to the social cohesion and", 
        "the prosperity of the European Union."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Recital 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-430.665%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "Les activit\u00e9s b\u00e9n\u00e9voles permettent \u00e0 un grand nombre d'associations de r\u00e9aliser de\nnombreuses missions. L'\u00e9laboration et l'application des r\u00e8gles europ\u00e9ennes dans divers\ndomaines d'intervention des associations en les consid\u00e9rant comme les activit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques\nni leurs sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s. Il est notamment n\u00e9cessaire d'int\u00e9grer le r\u00f4le des b\u00e9n\u00e9voles afin qu'elles\npuissent poursuivre leurs missions, faute de quoi certaines activit\u00e9s qu'elles prennent en\ncharge ne seraient plus assur\u00e9es ou accessibles au plus grand nombre, entre autres dans le\ndomaine des services d'int\u00e9r\u00eat g\u00e9n\u00e9ral.", 
      "old": [
        "(13) There exists a large variety of", 
        "voluntary activities throughout Europe", 
        "which should be preserved and developed", 
        "further."
      ], 
      "seq": 32, 
      "reference": "2009/0072(CNS)", 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2009-11-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(13) Voluntary activities have", 
        "considerable importance in Europe; they", 
        "should be preserved and developed further,", 
        "in particular by ensuring that European", 
        "rules do not ultimately serve to hamper", 
        "them, owing to a failure to conduct impact", 
        "studies which take account of their", 
        "specific characteristics. This is the case,", 
        "inter alia, for services of general interest."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Recital 13"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-430.665%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "(Does not affect English version.)", 
      "old": [
        "The year 2011 shall be designated as the", 
        "'European Year of Volunteering'", 
        "(hereinafter referred to as 'the European", 
        "Year')."
      ], 
      "seq": 49, 
      "reference": "2009/0072(CNS)", 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2009-11-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(Does not affect English version.)"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Article 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-430.665%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "The aim is to include voluntary activities in Community action on gender equality.", 
      "old": [
        "\u2022 dissemination of results of related studies", 
        "and research;"
      ], 
      "seq": 59, 
      "reference": "2009/0072(CNS)", 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2009-11-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2022 dissemination of the statistics and the", 
        "results of related studies and research with", 
        "particular regard to gender equality;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Article 3 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 bullet point 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-430.665%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "As an adjunct to the information and promotion campaigns, it is necessary to create a site to\nput across the campaign messages.", 
      "old": [
        "\u2022 information and promotion campaigns to", 
        "disseminate key messages."
      ], 
      "seq": 62, 
      "reference": "2009/0072(CNS)", 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2009-11-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "\u2022 information and promotion campaigns to", 
        "disseminate key messages and the creation", 
        "of a European portal to do this."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Article 3 \u2013 paragraph 1 \u2013 bullet point 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-430.665%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "justification": "The complex administrative procedures for association funding impose a large number of\nconditions which prevent associations with limited resources from participating. It is\nnecessary to devise ways of simplifying these associations' access to European funds,\nparticularly for this European Year.", 
      "old": [
        "Each Member State shall ensure that the", 
        "aforementioned body properly involves a", 
        "wide range of stakeholders at national,", 
        "regional and local level."
      ], 
      "seq": 69, 
      "reference": "2009/0072(CNS)", 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2009-11-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Each Member State shall ensure that the", 
        "aforementioned body properly involves a", 
        "wide range of stakeholders at national,", 
        "regional and local level, particularly when", 
        "drafting the national work programme", 
        "and national measure(s), for the entire", 
        "duration of the European Year. Special", 
        "attention must be paid in each national", 
        "programme to the simplification of", 
        "administrative procedures, inter alia by", 
        "facilitating access to funding for small", 
        "associations with limited resources."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Article 4 \u2013 paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-430.665%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1. The budget for implementing this", 
        "Decision for the period from 1 January", 
        "2011 to 31 December 2011 is", 
        "EUR 6 000 000."
      ], 
      "reference": "2009/0072(CNS)", 
      "seq": 74, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "CULT"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Rui Tavares", 
      "date": "2009-11-13T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. The budget for implementing this", 
        "Decision for the period from 1 January", 
        "2011 to 31 December 2011 is", 
        "EUR 15 000 000."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a decision", 
          "Article 7 \u2013 paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.611%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 1, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "ITRE"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "-1. Recalls that social enterprises tend to", 
        "be organisations whose nature and status", 
        "differ from those of classical enterprises,", 
        "created to meet objectives that are", 
        "primarily social and/or in the general", 
        "interest, essentially non-profit making,", 
        "generating numerous jobs, the profits of", 
        "which are largely reinvested to ensure", 
        "sustainability or to develop social", 
        "activities or activities to meet needs of", 
        "general interest, and that their operation", 
        "aims to ensure the participation, or indeed", 
        "the co-decision of their employees and/or", 
        "users and/or partners; stresses that the", 
        "activities of social enterprises are for the", 
        "most part non-relocatable and are", 
        "extensively involved in the social,", 
        "economic and territorial cohesion of the", 
        "Union and of its Member States;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph -1 (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.611%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1. Welcomes the Commission's proposal", 
        "on increasing access to financing for social", 
        "enterprises by establishing a regulatory", 
        "framework for introducing investment", 
        "instruments at EU level; points out that the", 
        "introduction of new forms of financial", 
        "support will be preceded by an analysis of", 
        "current instruments in order to verify their", 
        "efficiency; firmly believes that the proposal", 
        "to create a system of European social", 
        "entrepreneurship funds or European", 
        "venture capital funds constitutes a chance", 
        "to develop social enterprises; takes the", 
        "view that initiatives encouraging specific", 
        "Business Angels to get involved in the", 
        "field of social business could also be", 
        "promoted;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 3, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "ITRE"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Welcomes the Commission\u2019s proposal", 
        "on increasing access to financing for social", 
        "enterprises by establishing a regulatory", 
        "framework for introducing investment", 
        "instruments at EU level; points out that the", 
        "introduction of new forms of financial", 
        "support will be preceded by an analysis of", 
        "current instruments in order to verify their", 
        "efficiency; firmly believes that the proposal", 
        "to create a system of European social", 
        "entrepreneurship funds or European", 
        "venture capital funds constitutes a chance", 
        "to recognise and develop social", 
        "enterprises; calls on the European", 
        "Commission, the Council and the Member", 
        "States to take account of current", 
        "initiatives in the Member States and at", 
        "local level to develop innovative financial", 
        "instruments, taking account of their", 
        "specific, individual status, operational and", 
        "organisational methods, and activities; in", 
        "this regard, calls on the European", 
        "Commission, the Council and the Member", 
        "States to pay particular attention to the", 
        "development of hybrid capital structures", 
        "corresponding to the ways in which social", 
        "enterprises are financed1, including with", 
        "respect to the development of different", 
        "types of public social investment and the", 
        "initiatives of ethical and cooperative", 
        "banks, etc. ;", 
        "__________________", 
        "1", 
        "see the EESC opinion (INT/589)", 
        "adopted on 26 October 2011"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.611%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "2. Considers it necessary to create", 
        "conditions under which social enterprises", 
        "can gain financial independence and", 
        "engage in commercial business activity;", 
        "notes that, in many Member States,", 
        "financial mechanisms force social", 
        "enterprises to focus on obtaining grants and", 
        "funds from governmental institutions,", 
        "rather than on increasing the quality of", 
        "their services or products, which would", 
        "help boost their competitiveness;", 
        "emphasises the need to broaden access to", 
        "debt and equity instruments, taking into", 
        "account the specific way in which social", 
        "enterprises operate;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 9, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "ITRE"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Considers it necessary to create", 
        "conditions under which social enterprises,", 
        "especially those operating in the social", 
        "economy, can gain financial independence", 
        "to engage in and develop their activity to", 
        "meet needs of a general interest; notes", 
        "that, in many Member States, financial", 
        "mechanisms force a large number of", 
        "social enterprises to focus on obtaining", 
        "grants and funds from governmental", 
        "institutions to the detriment of", 
        "guaranteeing and increasing the quality of", 
        "their services or products to meet needs of", 
        "a general interest; emphasises the need to", 
        "broaden access to equity instruments,", 
        "taking into account the specific way in", 
        "which social enterprises operate and their", 
        "social purpose;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.611%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "4. Believes that one of the fundamental", 
        "problems in the social enterprises market", 
        "is the lack of appropriate know-how when", 
        "it comes to establishing and managing", 
        "such enterprises, and that therefore it is", 
        "important not only to create an", 
        "international knowledge base, but also to", 
        "ensure that advice, training and", 
        "information is available in this context;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 17, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "ITRE"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Believes that one of the fundamental", 
        "problems of enterprises is the impossibility", 
        "for these enterprises to have their specific", 
        "characteristics taken into account; also", 
        "recalls the need to provide better", 
        "information about the existence of", 
        "international knowledge relating to the", 
        "creation, operation and social or general-", 
        "interest purpose of social enterprises,", 
        "especially those operating in a social", 
        "economy, but also to ensure that advice,", 
        "training and information is available in this", 
        "context, including in the framework of", 
        "initial and continuous training;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.611%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "5. Emphasises that is essential to change", 
        "the perception of social enterprises through", 
        "proper information campaigns; notes that", 
        "in many cases the operations of social", 
        "enterprises are hampered by awareness", 
        "problems or by the stereotypes surrounding", 
        "them; notes, therefore, that, in the", 
        "Commission\u2019s view, the top priority is to", 
        "broaden awareness within local", 
        "communities, as using local potential might", 
        "help involve these local communities and", 
        "at the same time increase the attractiveness", 
        "of the social enterprises working in the", 
        "regions concerned;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2004(INI)", 
      "seq": 20, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "ITRE"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Emphasises that it is essential to create", 
        "greater awareness of social enterprises,", 
        "especially those operating in a social", 
        "economy, through proper information", 
        "campaigns, and believes that this objective", 
        "requires greater visibility being given to", 
        "the advantages and purposes of social", 
        "entrepreneurship by drawing on other", 
        "assessments and other indicators than", 
        "those of a purely economic nature; notes", 
        "that in many cases the operations of social", 
        "enterprises, especially those operating in a", 
        "social economy, are hampered by", 
        "awareness problems or by the stereotypes", 
        "surrounding them; notes, therefore, that, in", 
        "the Commission\u2019s view, the top priority is", 
        "to broaden awareness within all public", 
        "authorities, especially local communities,", 
        "as using local potential might help involve", 
        "these local communities and at the same", 
        "time increase the attractiveness of the", 
        "social enterprises working in the regions", 
        "concerned;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "on the annual report on Human Rights and", 
        "Democracy in the World 2011 and the", 
        "European Union\u2019s policy on the matter"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 1, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(does not affect English version)"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Heading 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 4, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- having regard to the United Nations", 
        "Millennium Declaration of 8 September", 
        "2000 (A/Res/55/2 ) and the resolutions", 
        "adopted by its General Assembly,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Citation 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 5, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Willy Meyer, Sabine L\u00f6sing", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "- having regard to the European", 
        "Parliament\u2019s report of 11 September 2012", 
        "on Alleged transportation and illegal", 
        "detention of prisoners in European", 
        "countries by the CIA1", 
        "__________________", 
        "1", 
        "Texts adopted, P7_TA(2012)0309,"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Citation 3 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "A. whereas the treaties commit the", 
        "European Union to base its external action", 
        "on the principled foundation of democracy,", 
        "the rule of law, the universality and", 
        "indivisibility of human rights and", 
        "fundamental freedoms, respect for human", 
        "dignity, the principles of equality and", 
        "solidarity, and respect for the principles of", 
        "the United Nations Charter and", 
        "international law;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 30, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "A. whereas the treaties commit the", 
        "European Union to basing its external", 
        "action on the principled foundation of", 
        "democracy, the rule of law, the universality", 
        "and indivisibility of human rights and on", 
        "respect for fundamental freedoms, human", 
        "dignity and the principles of equality and", 
        "solidarity notably as defined and protected", 
        "by the United Nations Charter and", 
        "international law and in particular by the", 
        "New York international covenants on civil", 
        "and political rights, and on economic,", 
        "social and cultural rights, and by the", 
        "European Convention on Human Rights;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 31, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Willy Meyer, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Aa. whereas economic, social and cultural", 
        "rights are an integral part of human", 
        "rights and their observance leads to full", 
        "implementation of the eight Millennium", 
        "Development Goals from the year 2000,", 
        "namely: eradicate extreme hunger and", 
        "poverty, achieve universal primary", 
        "education, promote gender equality and", 
        "empower women, reduce child mortality,", 
        "improve maternal health, combat", 
        "HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases,", 
        "ensure environmental sustainability, and", 
        "develop a global partnership for", 
        "development; whereas an ambitious", 
        "timetable was set for these goals to be", 
        "achieved by 2015, but this is currently far", 
        "from being achieved;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital A a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 39, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Willy Meyer, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ba. whereas the EU is bound to help", 
        "countries with which it has signed", 
        "international agreements, including trade", 
        "agreements, to implement all these", 
        "fundamental principles, and in particular", 
        "by ensuring strict compliance with the", 
        "human rights and democracy clauses in", 
        "said agreements;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital B a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "C. whereas democracy is the best safeguard", 
        "of human rights and fundamental", 
        "freedoms, tolerance of all groups in society", 
        "and equality of opportunity for each", 
        "person;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 40, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "C. whereas democracy is the best safeguard", 
        "of human rights and fundamental", 
        "freedoms, tolerance of all groups in society", 
        "and equality for all;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital C"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "D. whereas the lessons learned from the", 
        "Arab Spring events must continue, to", 
        "provide impetus for the EU to review and", 
        "improve its policies on, inter alia, human", 
        "rights defenders, international", 
        "humanitarian law, human rights dialogues", 
        "with third countries, and social media;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 46, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Sabine L\u00f6sing", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "D. whereas the lessons learned from the", 
        "Arab Spring events must continue, to", 
        "provide impetus for the EU to review and", 
        "improve its policies on, inter alia, human", 
        "rights defenders, international", 
        "humanitarian law, human rights dialogues", 
        "with third countries, and social media,", 
        "without losing sight of the fact that these", 
        "revolutions came about for economic and", 
        "social reasons;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital D"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "E. whereas violations of freedom of", 
        "religion or belief, perpetrated by", 
        "governments and non-state actors alike, are", 
        "increasing in many countries of the world,", 
        "resulting in discrimination, intolerance and", 
        "violence against certain individuals and", 
        "religious communities, including religious", 
        "minority representatives;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 54, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "E. whereas violations of freedom of", 
        "thought, conscience or religion,", 
        "perpetrated by public authorities and non-", 
        "state actors alike, are increasing in many", 
        "countries of the world, resulting in", 
        "discrimination and intolerance both against", 
        "certain individuals and against certain", 
        "groups which may be religious minorities", 
        "but may also be non-believers;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital E"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1. Welcomes the adoption of the EU", 
        "Annual Report on Human Rights and", 
        "Democracy in 2011; welcomes the fact that", 
        "the Vice-President of the", 
        "Commission/High Representative (VP/HR)", 
        "was able to present the Annual Report in", 
        "the June plenary of Parliament and thereby", 
        "return to the normal practice;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 60, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Welcomes the adoption of the EU", 
        "Annual Report on Human Rights and", 
        "Democracy in 2011; welcomes the fact that", 
        "the Vice-President of the", 
        "Commission/High Representative (VP/HR)", 
        "was able to present the Annual Report in", 
        "the June plenary of Parliament and thereby", 
        "return to the normal practice; regrets", 
        "however that the 319 page report was only", 
        "made available a few days before the", 
        "debate in the European Parliament and in", 
        "just one language; recalls that linguistic", 
        "diversity is also a fundamental right", 
        "which should be respected, including in", 
        "the EU institutions;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 66, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Willy Meyer, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4a. Deplores the fact that the European", 
        "Union\u2019s human rights policy is restricted,", 
        "and even contradicted, by diplomatic,", 
        "political or economic considerations,", 
        "creating double standards which damage", 
        "all EU policies in this field and are in", 
        "total contradiction to a universal vision of", 
        "human rights; stresses the importance for", 
        "the EU\u2019s credibility of not exploiting any", 
        "of these issues, not imposing restrictions", 
        "on the people\u2019s right to self-", 
        "determination, and not interfering in the", 
        "political life of third countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 67, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Willy Meyer, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Jacky H\u00e9nin, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4b. Calls on the Commission and the", 
        "Member States to check that companies", 
        "which come under national or EU law do", 
        "not disregard the human rights and", 
        "social, health and environmental", 
        "standards they are subject to when", 
        "moving to or carrying out their activities", 
        "in a third country;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 68, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Willy Meyer, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Jacky H\u00e9nin, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4c. Emphasises the need for particular", 
        "attention to be paid by the European", 
        "Union and its Member States to the", 
        "human rights situation in the Western", 
        "Sahara; recalls that any form of", 
        "occupation should be strongly condemned", 
        "by the international community, notably", 
        "in Palestine and the Western Sahara;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4 c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "7. Welcomes the mandate of the thematic", 
        "EU Special Representative (EUSR) on", 
        "Human Rights and the planned creation of", 
        "a Brussels-based Council Working Party", 
        "on Human Rights (COHOM); looks", 
        "forward to their close co-operation with", 
        "Parliament;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 71, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Takes note of the mandate of the", 
        "thematic EU Special Representative", 
        "(EUSR) on Human Rights, warns against", 
        "any attempt to segregate the EU\u2019s human", 
        "rights policy through the establishment of", 
        "this post, and takes note of the planned", 
        "creation of a Brussels-based Council", 
        "Working Party on Human Rights", 
        "(COHOM); looks forward to their close co-", 
        "operation with Parliament;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "10. Welcomes the adoption of local human", 
        "rights strategies for individual countries to", 
        "implement EU policies in the most", 
        "appropriate and effective way; recognises", 
        "the key role played by the local EU", 
        "delegations in developing and following up", 
        "on the country strategies tailored for the", 
        "specific circumstances, but stresses the", 
        "coordinating responsibility of the EEAS in", 
        "ensuring the coherent application of EU", 
        "human rights policy priorities set out in the", 
        "human rights strategic framework and in", 
        "the EU Guidelines; stresses the importance", 
        "of completing the network of focal points", 
        "on human rights and democracy in EU", 
        "Delegations and CSDP missions and", 
        "operations; urges the VP/HR and the EEAS", 
        "and the Member States to adopt as best", 
        "practice the method of working on human", 
        "rights issues locally through human rights", 
        "working groups formed among EU", 
        "delegations and embassies of EU Member", 
        "States; supports the EEAS aim to provide", 
        "training on human rights and democracy", 
        "for all EEAS, Commission, EU delegation", 
        "and CSDP mission staff;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 80, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "10. Welcomes the adoption of local human", 
        "rights strategies for individual countries to", 
        "implement policies in the most appropriate", 
        "and effective way; recognises the key role", 
        "played by the local EU delegations in", 
        "developing and following up on the", 
        "country strategies tailored for the specific", 
        "circumstances, but stresses the", 
        "coordinating responsibility of the EEAS in", 
        "ensuring the coherent application of EU", 
        "human rights policy priorities set out in the", 
        "human rights strategic framework and in", 
        "the EU Guidelines; stresses the importance", 
        "of completing the network of focal points", 
        "on human rights and democracy in EU", 
        "Delegations and CSDP missions and", 
        "operations; urges the VP/HR and the EEAS", 
        "and the Member States to adopt as best", 
        "practice the method of working on human", 
        "rights issues locally through human rights", 
        "working groups formed among EU", 
        "delegations and embassies of EU Member", 
        "States; supports the EEAS aim to provide", 
        "training on human rights and democracy", 
        "for all EEAS, Commission, EU delegation", 
        "and CSDP mission staff, and for European", 
        "Union agencies, FRONTEX in particular,", 
        "that have relationships with third", 
        "countries; asks for great attention to be", 
        "paid in particular to protecting human", 
        "rights defenders;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 10"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "12. Welcomes the leadership shown by EU", 
        "Member States to support the credibility of", 
        "the UN human rights system by jointly", 
        "extending a standing invitation to all UN", 
        "Special Procedures on Human Rights, by", 
        "initiating a UN Human Rights Council", 
        "(HRC) Special Session on Libya, where the", 
        "historic recommendation of Libya\u2019s", 
        "suspension from the HRC was made, and", 
        "by taking the lead in efforts that led to the", 
        "establishment of the Independent", 
        "Commission of Inquiry on the human", 
        "rights situation in Syria;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 86, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "12. Welcomes the leadership shown by EU", 
        "Member States to support the credibility of", 
        "the UN human rights system by jointly", 
        "extending a standing invitation to all UN", 
        "Special Procedures on Human Rights, by", 
        "initiating a UN Human Rights Council", 
        "(HRC) Special Session on Libya, where the", 
        "historic recommendation of Libya\u2019s", 
        "suspension from the HRC was made, and", 
        "by taking the lead in efforts that led to the", 
        "establishment of the Independent", 
        "Commission of Inquiry on the human", 
        "rights situation in Syria; regrets that these", 
        "efforts have not been crowned with", 
        "success and that the number of victims in", 
        "Syria continues to rise;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 12"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 91, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Willy Meyer, Sabine L\u00f6sing", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "12e. Is firmly opposed to any change in", 
        "direction for the CFSP and believes that", 
        "the European Union\u2019s policies should be", 
        "directed solely towards peace and political", 
        "resolution of conflicts;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 12 e (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "14. Reiterates its opposition to the practice", 
        "of regional groups arranging uncontested", 
        "elections to the Human Rights Council;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 93, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 14"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 132, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "20a. Is troubled by the fact that Colombia", 
        "is one of the countries with the highest", 
        "rates of judicial impunity in the world,", 
        "that trade unionists in particular, but also", 
        "students, farmers, women and children,", 
        "are the victims of these acts of violence", 
        "which go unpunished, believes as a", 
        "consequence that ratification of the free", 
        "trade agreement with Columbia ought to", 
        "be made subject to conditions; recalls", 
        "furthermore that people residing in the", 
        "European Union, and notably members of", 
        "the European Parliament\u2019s Subcommittee", 
        "on Human Rights and leading members", 
        "of NGOs, have been the victims of", 
        "schemes by the Colombian secret services", 
        "under the direct control of the former", 
        "President of the Republic of Columbia; is", 
        "amazed that these serious acts remain", 
        "unpunished and calls on the European", 
        "Union to enforce the recommendations", 
        "concerning Columbia contained in the", 
        "2009 report by the Committee against", 
        "Torture;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 20 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "24. Reiterates its commitment to the", 
        "principle of the \u2018Responsibility to Protect\u2019", 
        "(R2P), stressing the importance of external", 
        "actors, including the EU, addressing gross", 
        "human rights violations in third countries", 
        "when the governments of these countries", 
        "are unable or unwilling to protect their own", 
        "citizens; stresses the importance of", 
        "engaging in R2P actions under the auspices", 
        "or authorisation of the UN whenever", 
        "possible;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 145, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "24. Reiterates its commitment to the", 
        "principle of the \u2018Responsibility to Protect\u2019", 
        "(R2P), stressing the importance of external", 
        "actors, including the EU, addressing gross", 
        "human rights violations in third countries", 
        "when the governments of these countries", 
        "are unable or unwilling to protect their own", 
        "citizens; stresses the importance of", 
        "engaging in R2P actions under the auspices", 
        "or authorisation of the UN whenever", 
        "possible but considers that these must in", 
        "no case serve as a pretext for military", 
        "operations, as was notably the case in", 
        "Libya; considers that the EU should be", 
        "capable of opening its doors to refugees", 
        "who fall victim to such crises and deplores", 
        "the fact that this has not always been the", 
        "case, including during the conflict in", 
        "Libya, when only a small number of", 
        "Member States were capable of doing so;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 24"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 147, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Willy Meyer, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "24a. Believes that the EU\u2019s response to", 
        "global threats and challenges can in no", 
        "case be of a military nature; underlines", 
        "the importance of tackling the root causes", 
        "of instability by means of development", 
        "policies that are in line with the", 
        "Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)", 
        "and other socio-economic, political and", 
        "cultural measures which can create an", 
        "environment conducive to preventing the", 
        "resurgence of conflict, and which aim to", 
        "eliminate poverty, foster economic, social", 
        "and cultural development, create", 
        "institutional and administrative", 
        "capacities, improve the quality of life of", 
        "the population and consolidate the rule of", 
        "law;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 24 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "25. Commends, in this context, the actions", 
        "of several Member States which took the", 
        "lead in preventing further violence", 
        "against civilians in Libya during the", 
        "course of 2011, but regrets the lack of a", 
        "concerted response at EU level;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 148, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Jacky H\u00e9nin", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "deleted"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 25"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "26. Argues that private military and", 
        "security companies (PMSCs) should be", 
        "held accountable for any violations of", 
        "human rights and humanitarian laws", 
        "committed by their personnel; calls on the", 
        "EU and the Member States, in light of the", 
        "widespread use of PMSCs, to step up their", 
        "efforts to find a credible regulatory", 
        "solution to avoid legal loopholes in terms", 
        "of accountability;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 154, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "26. Condemns the wholesale recourse to", 
        "private military and security companies", 
        "(PMSCs) and calls on the EU and", 
        "Member States to step up their efforts in", 
        "this area; argues that PMSCs should be", 
        "held accountable for any violations of", 
        "human rights and humanitarian laws", 
        "committed by their personnel; calls on the", 
        "EU and the Member States, in light of the", 
        "widespread use of PMSCs, to step up their", 
        "efforts to find a credible regulatory", 
        "solution to avoid legal loopholes in terms", 
        "of accountability;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 26"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "27. Emphasises the significance of the", 
        "2011 uprisings in the Arab world both as", 
        "an expression of the desire for freedom,", 
        "justice and dignity and as a major", 
        "challenge to EU policy in the region and", 
        "beyond; recognises that the EU has", 
        "stepped up its political engagement in", 
        "both the Eastern and Southern", 
        "Neighbourhood, but stresses the need to", 
        "learn from past policy mistakes and chart", 
        "a new policy aligned with respect of", 
        "human rights and support of democratic", 
        "values;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 155, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "27. Emphasises the significance of the", 
        "2011 uprisings in the Arab world both as", 
        "an expression of the desire for freedom,", 
        "justice, including social justice, and", 
        "dignity and as a major challenge to EU", 
        "policy in the region and beyond; stresses", 
        "that the lessons of past strategy errors", 
        "have not always been learned and that", 
        "there is an urgent need to frame a", 
        "genuinely new policy aligned with respect", 
        "for human rights and support for young", 
        "democracies;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 27"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 157, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "27a. Considers that, in view of its", 
        "responsibilities and those of some of its", 
        "Member States in the economic, social", 
        "and political situation that led to the", 
        "popular uprisings in the \u2018Arab Spring\u2019", 
        "countries, the European Union should", 
        "help the institutions in those countries to", 
        "carry out audits of their debts, and", 
        "particularly their European debts, in", 
        "order to ascertain what proportion of", 
        "those debts illegitimately did not benefit", 
        "the people of those countries, and that it", 
        "should do its utmost to ensure that those", 
        "debts are swiftly written off; expresses its", 
        "concern at the lack of continuity between", 
        "the partnership guidelines and those in", 
        "previous discussions;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 27 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 158, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Willy Meyer, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Ivo Vajgl, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Pino Arlacchi, Ana Miranda, Jill Evans, Antonio Masip Hidalgo, Marco Scurria, \u00c5sa Westlund, Nicole Kiil- Nielsen, Anna Hedh, Marita Ulvskog, Ra\u00fcl Romeva i Rueda, Isabella L\u00f6vin, Francisco Sosa Wagner", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "27a. Recalls the European Parliament", 
        "resolution of 25 November 2010 on the", 
        "situation in Western Sahara; urges", 
        "Morocco and the Polisario Front to", 
        "continue negotiation for a peaceful and", 
        "long-lasting solution of the Western", 
        "Sahara conflict and reiterates the rights", 
        "of the Sahrawi people to self", 
        "determination which should be decided", 
        "through a democratic referendum, in", 
        "accordance with the relevant United", 
        "Nations resolutions; condemns the", 
        "ongoing violation of the human rights of", 
        "the Sahrawi people; calls for the release", 
        "of the Sahrawi political prisoners;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 27 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 162, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "28a. Deplores particularly the policies of", 
        "the European Union and Member States", 
        "aimed at ensuring the policing of the", 
        "EU\u2019s immigration and asylum policy by", 
        "third countries participating in its", 
        "Neighbourhood Policy, which is very", 
        "often done with contempt for the rights of", 
        "persons trying to reach Europe;", 
        "condemns severely the inability of the", 
        "European Union and its Member States", 
        "and their partner countries to uphold the", 
        "right of asylum and ensure rescue at sea;", 
        "considers these immigration policies to be", 
        "indicative of prejudice towards the", 
        "inhabitants of the countries of the South;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 28 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 163, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "28b. Points out that, according to some", 
        "NGOs, more than 15 000 migrants trying", 
        "to reach continental Europe have died at", 
        "sea since 1988, with more than 1 500", 
        "migrants having drowned at sea in 2011", 
        "alone; recalls in particular the deaths of", 
        "63 of the 72 African migrants who set out", 
        "to sea from Libya in March 2011; recalls", 
        "the resolution adopted by the", 
        "Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of", 
        "Europe on 24 April 2012, which identified", 
        "a variety of failings at various levels, on", 
        "the part both of EU Member States and of", 
        "NATO, and set out a number of", 
        "recommendations that the Union, its", 
        "Member States and NATO have a duty to", 
        "implement by whatever means appropriate", 
        "as soon as possible, and calls on the", 
        "representatives of the EU institutions to", 
        "ensure that this cooperation is conducted", 
        "with an eye to the safety of the persons", 
        "concerned, including by allowing them,", 
        "whenever NGO representatives so request,", 
        "to provide information without the", 
        "authorities concerned being present or", 
        "even being party to that information;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 28 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "33. Remains extremely concerned at the", 
        "lack of democracy, rule of law,", 
        "fundamental freedoms and the respect for", 
        "human rights in Belarus, the only European", 
        "Neighbourhood country not to fully", 
        "participate in the Eastern Partnership and", 
        "the work of the Euronest Parliamentary", 
        "Assembly, especially in the aftermath of", 
        "the presidential elections in December", 
        "2010 and the subsequent violent", 
        "crackdown on protesters and political", 
        "opposition, including trials of activists", 
        "2011 which did not conform to", 
        "international standards and saw", 
        "disproportionately harsh sentences handed", 
        "down; commends the EU\u2019s unity in", 
        "response to the expulsion of EU diplomats", 
        "from Belarus in February 2012; urges the", 
        "Union and all of its Member States to", 
        "remain coherent and consistent in their", 
        "policies towards Belarus, and to keep up", 
        "the pressure on the political regime,", 
        "including through sanctions, while", 
        "reaching out to civil society through such", 
        "tools as enhanced visa facilitation and", 
        "increased education opportunities;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 172, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "33. Remains extremely concerned at the", 
        "lack of democracy, rule of law,", 
        "fundamental freedoms and the respect for", 
        "human rights in Belarus, the only European", 
        "Neighbourhood country not to fully", 
        "participate in the Eastern Partnership and", 
        "the work of the Euronest Parliamentary", 
        "Assembly, especially in the aftermath of", 
        "the presidential elections in December", 
        "2010 and the subsequent violent", 
        "crackdown on protesters and political", 
        "opposition, including trials of activists", 
        "2011 which did not conform to", 
        "international standards and saw", 
        "disproportionately harsh sentences handed", 
        "down; commends the EU\u2019s unity in", 
        "response to the expulsion of EU diplomats", 
        "from Belarus in February 2012; urges the", 
        "Union and all of its Member States to", 
        "remain coherent and consistent in their", 
        "policies towards all third countries and to", 
        "respond with similar firmness and", 
        "vigilance in all countries in which serious", 
        "human rights violations are committed,", 
        "and calls for the pressure to be maintained", 
        "on the Belarus political regime, including", 
        "through sanctions, while reaching out to", 
        "civil society through such tools as", 
        "enhanced visa facilitation and increased", 
        "education opportunities; makes reminder", 
        "that Ales Bialetski, the President of the", 
        "Viasna Human Rights Centre and", 
        "Vice-President of the International", 
        "Federation for Human Rights has been in", 
        "prison since 4 August 2011; deplores the", 
        "lack of cooperation between the Polish", 
        "and Lithuanian Governments, which", 
        "allowed Ales Bialetski to be arrested", 
        "through the forwarding of banking", 
        "information, and calls for everything", 
        "possible to be done to prevent a repetition", 
        "of such mistakes;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 33"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "34. Urges the EU to apply the same", 
        "consistent approach towards human rights", 
        "abuses in all third countries, both partner", 
        "countries and countries with which the EU", 
        "has a less-developed relationship; insists", 
        "that the EU be vocal in pointing out and", 
        "condemning human rights violations", 
        "whenever and wherever they occur,", 
        "regardless of the level or strategic", 
        "importance of partnership with the country", 
        "concerned;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 178, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "34. Urges the EU to apply the same", 
        "consistent approach towards human rights", 
        "abuses in all third countries, both partner", 
        "countries and countries with which the EU", 
        "has a less-developed relationship; insists", 
        "that the EU be vocal in pointing out and", 
        "condemning human rights violations,", 
        "regardless of the political allegiances of", 
        "the governments of the countries", 
        "concerned, whenever and wherever they", 
        "occur, regardless of the level or strategic", 
        "importance of partnership with the country", 
        "concerned, including in terms of the", 
        "importance of the economic interests of", 
        "European companies in the country", 
        "concerned;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 34"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 182, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Willy Meyer, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Jacky H\u00e9nin, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "35a. Recognises that the current", 
        "economic and financial crisis is having a", 
        "severe social impact on communities", 
        "within and outside the EU, notes that the", 
        "various austerity plans adopted by the EU", 
        "and other international institutions such", 
        "as the IMF have led to an erosion of", 
        "social and democratic rights and a", 
        "significant deterioration in living", 
        "conditions, particularly for the most", 
        "vulnerable and susceptible groups;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 35 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 195, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "38a. Stresses the importance of providing", 
        "electoral assistance and observation", 
        "together with the United Nations;", 
        "considers that this assistance should never", 
        "become a form of EU interference in the", 
        "political affairs of third countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 38 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "40. Reiterates its concern, however, with", 
        "the persistently disappointing lack of", 
        "progress in a number of human rights", 
        "dialogues, and the lack of transparent", 
        "benchmarks to genuinely assess", 
        "improvements or deterioration in human", 
        "rights; notes the continued EU difficulties", 
        "to negotiate improved modalities for the", 
        "dialogue with China and Russia; calls on", 
        "the newly appointed EUSR on Human", 
        "Rights to inject new momentum into these", 
        "and other dialogues;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 200, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "40. Reiterates its concern, however, with", 
        "the persistently disappointing lack of", 
        "progress in a number of human rights", 
        "dialogues, and the lack of transparent", 
        "benchmarks to genuinely assess", 
        "improvements or deterioration in human", 
        "rights; notes the continued EU difficulties", 
        "to negotiate improved modalities for the", 
        "dialogue with several third countries; calls", 
        "on the newly appointed EUSR on Human", 
        "Rights to inject new momentum into these", 
        "and other dialogues;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 40"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 222, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Willy Meyer, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "42d. Stresses that while clauses", 
        "concerning democracy and human rights", 
        "have been included in political framework", 
        "agreements with third countries since", 
        "1995, and in agreements concluded with", 
        "more than 120 countries, these clauses", 
        "have mostly remained a dead letter; is", 
        "convinced that these clauses, which", 
        "should constitute a legally binding", 
        "commitment on the part of the EU and", 
        "partner countries, must be complemented", 
        "by an operational enforcement", 
        "mechanism to give them concrete form;", 
        "considers there is a need for ex-ante", 
        "monitoring mechanisms prior to the", 
        "conclusion of a framework agreement,", 
        "and on which such conclusion is made", 
        "conditional as a fundamental part of the", 
        "agreement, and for ex-post monitoring", 
        "mechanisms which enable tangible action", 
        "to be taken in response to infringements", 
        "of these clauses, including the possible", 
        "suspension of an agreement;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 42 d (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 223, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Jacky H\u00e9nin, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "42e. Stresses that introducing these", 
        "clauses in free-trade agreements signed by", 
        "the EU with third countries has been a", 
        "failure, not only since they have barely", 
        "been taken into account, but also because", 
        "those free-trade agreements have even", 
        "resulted in violations of fundamental", 
        "economic and social rights and in the", 
        "impoverishing of the communities", 
        "concerned, and in the monopolisation of", 
        "resources by multinational companies;", 
        "believes that besides these clauses there is", 
        "a need to implement new forms of", 
        "cooperation to facilitate the economic and", 
        "social development of third countries", 
        "based on the needs of their peoples;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 42 e (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "43. Reiterates that the consistent", 
        "application of the human rights clause of", 
        "agreements is fundamental in relations", 
        "between the European Union and its", 
        "Member States and third countries; stresses", 
        "the importance of reviewing how Member", 
        "States have cooperated with the apparatus", 
        "of repression in the name of countering", 
        "terrorism; underlines, in this respect, the", 
        "need for the newly revised European", 
        "Neighbourhood Policy to focus on", 
        "providing support for security sector", 
        "reform and, in particular, to ensure a clear", 
        "separation of intelligence and law", 
        "enforcement functions; calls on the EEAS,", 
        "the Council and the Commission to step up", 
        "their cooperation with the Committee for", 
        "the Prevention of Torture, and with other", 
        "relevant Council of Europe mechanisms, in", 
        "the planning and implementation of", 
        "counter-terrorism assistance projects with", 
        "third countries, and in all forms of counter-", 
        "terrorism dialogues with third countries;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 224, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "43. Reiterates that the consistent", 
        "application of the human rights clause of", 
        "agreements is fundamental in relations", 
        "between the European Union and its", 
        "Member States and third countries; stresses", 
        "the importance of reviewing how Member", 
        "States have cooperated in the field of", 
        "police cooperation in terms of police", 
        "training, which should comprise a human", 
        "rights facet, and deplores that more often", 
        "than not this has amounted to nothing", 
        "more than cooperating with the apparatus", 
        "of repression, and that in the name of", 
        "countering terrorism the most fundamental", 
        "of rights have been ignored; underlines, in", 
        "this respect, the need for the newly revised", 
        "European Neighbourhood Policy to focus", 
        "on providing support for security sector", 
        "reform and, in particular, to ensure a clear", 
        "separation of intelligence and law", 
        "enforcement functions; calls on the EEAS,", 
        "the Council and the Commission to step up", 
        "their cooperation with the Committee for", 
        "the Prevention of Torture, and with other", 
        "relevant Council of Europe mechanisms, in", 
        "the planning and implementation of", 
        "assistance projects with third countries in", 
        "this field, especially with regard to", 
        "counter-terrorism, and in all forms of", 
        "dialogue in this field with third countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 43"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 226, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Jacky H\u00e9nin, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "43a. Emphasises the importance of", 
        "continuing the work on global practices", 
        "relating to secret detention in the context", 
        "of countering terrorism; stresses that", 
        "combating terrorism can under no", 
        "circumstances be used as a justification", 
        "for violations of human rights, either in", 
        "third countries or in the EU; welcomes in", 
        "this respect the adoption of the European", 
        "Parliament resolution of 11 September", 
        "2012 on alleged transportation and illegal", 
        "detention of prisoners in European", 
        "countries by the CIA: follow-up to the", 
        "European Parliament TDIP Committee", 
        "report at the request of the Member States", 
        "and implementation of its", 
        "recommendations;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 43 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 228, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Willy Meyer, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Jacky H\u00e9nin, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "44a. Calls once again on the High", 
        "Representative of the Union for Foreign", 
        "Affairs and Security Policy/Vice-President", 
        "of the Commission and the Member States", 
        "to endeavour to establish a common", 
        "position for the European Union", 
        "concerning the action to be taken on the", 
        "report by the UN fact-finding mission", 
        "headed by Judge Goldstone on the Gaza", 
        "conflict in the south of Israel, and to", 
        "endeavour to ensure the effective", 
        "implementation of its recommendations,", 
        "including those concerning the", 
        "assignment of responsibilities for all", 
        "violations of international law, including", 
        "alleged war crimes; calls in this", 
        "connection for the suspension of the", 
        "EU-Israel Association Agreement;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 44 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 237, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Sabine L\u00f6sing", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "49a. Welcomes the rejection by the", 
        "European Parliament of the ACTA", 
        "Agreement since, in the guise of fighting", 
        "counterfeiting and protecting intellectual", 
        "property rights, which is legitimate and", 
        "necessary but only within bounds that", 
        "guarantee freedom of choice for all, it", 
        "carried severe threats, inter alia, to", 
        "internet neutrality, access to high-quality,", 
        "safe and affordable medicines as well as", 
        "to generic medicines; strongly hopes that", 
        "the Commission and Council will pay full", 
        "heed to this no-appeal vote in Parliament;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 49 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "52. Notes with concern the worrying trend", 
        "of increased attacks and intimidation", 
        "against journalists and media workers in", 
        "the OSCE area; calls for a stepping up of", 
        "EU efforts to promote their safety in", 
        "dialogues with the Union\u2019s partners and", 
        "other countries;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 247, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "52. Notes with concern the worrying trend", 
        "of increased attacks and intimidation", 
        "against journalists and media workers in", 
        "the OSCE area; calls for a stepping up of", 
        "EU efforts to promote their safety in", 
        "dialogues with the Union\u2019s partners and", 
        "other countries; expresses particular", 
        "concern at the growing number of", 
        "journalists being arrested in Turkey,", 
        "which has the worst record in this area of", 
        "all the member states of the Council of", 
        "Europe;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 52"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 253, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "53a. Is deeply concerned by the numerous", 
        "and repeated attacks on privacy and", 
        "protection of personal data in the fight", 
        "against terrorism and within the wider", 
        "framework of so-called security policy;", 
        "notes that these policies lead to more and", 
        "more files being kept on the general", 
        "public without any proof being given of", 
        "the effectiveness of these; condemns in", 
        "particular the new attempts at", 
        "intimidation carried out by the United", 
        "States in international negotiations and", 
        "threats made by certain countries to", 
        "telephone service providers to change", 
        "security measures (blocking access to the", 
        "internet and certain services) and the data", 
        "protection of their services; deplores the", 
        "draft EU PNR agreements with third", 
        "countries which do not confirm to", 
        "Community legislation in relation to the", 
        "protection of personal data; regrets the", 
        "maintaining of provisions prohibiting any", 
        "recourse to legal action in US law by third", 
        "country nationals;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 53 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 256, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "53b. Regrets that the international", 
        "community has still not carried out", 
        "negotiations for the conclusion of an", 
        "international agreement on the protection", 
        "of personal data for which Convention", 
        "108 of the Council of Europe could serve", 
        "as a model; invites the European", 
        "Commission to ask the national", 
        "Commissioners responsible for the", 
        "protection of personal data and the", 
        "European bodies involved in this field to", 
        "develop a framework, in cooperation with", 
        "their international counterparts;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 53 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 265, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Jacky H\u00e9nin, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "57a. Is particularly concerned by the", 
        "deterioration of the situation in Turkey", 
        "and the increasing repression faced by", 
        "human rights defenders and government", 
        "opponents, including elected", 
        "representatives, trade unionists,", 
        "journalists, artists and, in particular,", 
        "against the Kurdish community;", 
        "specifically condemns the arbitrary", 
        "arrests carried out in the context of the", 
        "KCK trial and the fact that those arrested", 
        "spend long months in prison without any", 
        "judicial acts being performed;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 57 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 268, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Takis Hadjigeorgiou, Willy Meyer, Nikolaos Chountis, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "58a. Regrets that persecution and", 
        "marginalisation of Kurdish human rights", 
        "defenders remain a widespread practice in", 
        "Turkey. Expresses concern at the large", 
        "number of criminal cases launched", 
        "against writers and journalists writing on", 
        "the Kurdish issue and the arrest of several", 
        "Kurdish politicians, locally elected", 
        "mayors, members of municipal councils", 
        "and human rights defenders in", 
        "connection with the KCK trial;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 58 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "64. Welcomes the assessment by human", 
        "rights organisations that the use of the", 
        "death penalty in 2011 broadly confirms the", 
        "global trend towards abolition; regrets,", 
        "however, that there was a significant", 
        "increase in executions in Iran, Iraq and", 
        "Saudi Arabia; expresses serious", 
        "disappointment at the refusal of China to", 
        "disclose credible information about its use", 
        "of death penalty and executions that,", 
        "according to Amnesty International,", 
        "number in the thousands; welcomes the", 
        "abolition of the death penalty in the US", 
        "state of Illinois but regrets that the United", 
        "States continues to execute people despite", 
        "being the only G8 country to do so in 2011;", 
        "recalls with concern that Belarus is the", 
        "only European country to continue use the", 
        "death penalty; urges the EU and its", 
        "Member States consistently to bring this", 
        "issue up in their dialogues with these", 
        "countries;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 276, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "64. Stresses that evidence shows that the", 
        "death penalty first and foremost affects", 
        "underprivileged people; welcomes the", 
        "assessment by human rights organisations", 
        "that the use of the death penalty in 2011", 
        "broadly confirms the global trend towards", 
        "abolition; regrets, however, that there was", 
        "a significant increase in executions in Iran,", 
        "Iraq and Saudi Arabia; expresses serious", 
        "disappointment at the refusal of China to", 
        "disclose credible information about its use", 
        "of death penalty and executions that,", 
        "according to Amnesty International,", 
        "number in the thousands; welcomes the", 
        "abolition of the death penalty in the US", 
        "state of Illinois but regrets that the United", 
        "States continues to execute people despite", 
        "being the only G8 country to do so in 2011;", 
        "condemns the decision by the Supreme", 
        "Court of South Korea to declare the death", 
        "penalty legal again when this country was", 
        "considered de facto as one in which it was", 
        "abolished; recalls European Parliament", 
        "resolution P7_TA(2010) 0068 on South", 
        "Korea; recalls with concern that Belarus is", 
        "the only European country to continue use", 
        "the death penalty; urges the EU and its", 
        "Member States consistently to bring this", 
        "issue up in their dialogues with these", 
        "countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 64"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 284, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "66a. Highlights that the definition of", 
        "slavery provided by the UN is the status or", 
        "condition of a person over whom any or", 
        "all of the powers attaching to the right of", 
        "ownership are exercised; deplores the fact", 
        "that modern forms of slavery survive", 
        "including within the EU; calls therefore", 
        "for the Commission to have a much", 
        "stronger policy on this subject,", 
        "particularly with regard to domestic staff,", 
        "the socio-professional group most affected", 
        "by these forms of slavery;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 66 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 288, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Willy Meyer, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "67a. Reiterates its condemnation of the", 
        "practices of extraordinary rendition,", 
        "secret prisons and torture, in which the", 
        "USA and some EU Member States were", 
        "involved, which are prohibited under", 
        "domestic and international human rights", 
        "law and which breach, inter alia, the", 
        "rights to liberty, security, humane", 
        "treatment, freedom from torture,", 
        "presumption of innocence, fair trial, legal", 
        "counsel and equal protection under the", 
        "law; regrets that thus far no responsibility", 
        "has been apportioned, either in the USA,", 
        "or at EU level; sincerely hopes that, in", 
        "accordance with the promises made, the", 
        "detention and torture centre at", 
        "Guant\u00e1namo be closed as soon as", 
        "possible;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 67 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 290, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Takis Hadjigeorgiou, Willy Meyer, Nikolaos Chountis, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Jacky H\u00e9nin", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "68a. Regrets that human rights violations", 
        "still remain a painful problem in the", 
        "occupied areas of Cyprus. Thousands of", 
        "refugees, who have been forced to", 
        "abandon their homes and properties, are", 
        "being denied by the Turkish military", 
        "forces to live in their homeland until", 
        "today. Moreover, the families and", 
        "relatives of missing persons are still", 
        "denied the right to have an answer about", 
        "the fate of their loved ones as Turkey does", 
        "not facilitate the access to military zones", 
        "and relevant reports from archives for the", 
        "investigations of the Committee on", 
        "Missing Persons in Cyprus."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 68 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "70. Strongly regrets that homosexuality", 
        "remains criminalised in 78 states, including", 
        "five in which it is subject to the death", 
        "penalty; calls on these states to", 
        "decriminalise homosexuality without", 
        "delay, to free those imprisoned on the basis", 
        "of their sexual orientation and not to", 
        "execute them; calls on the EEAS to make", 
        "full use of the LGBT Toolkit to protect the", 
        "rights of LGBTI people; calls on the", 
        "Council to work towards binding", 
        "guidelines in this area; calls on the EEAS", 
        "and Member States to assist LGBTI human", 
        "rights defenders in countries where they", 
        "are at risk, and calls on the VP/HR to", 
        "continue making clear the European", 
        "Union's firm commitment to equality and", 
        "non-discrimination based on sexual", 
        "orientation, gender identity and gender", 
        "expression in the world, including by", 
        "launching and supporting initiatives at", 
        "bilateral, international and UN level on", 
        "these matters; repeats its call on the", 
        "Commission to issue a roadmap for", 
        "equality on grounds of sexual orientation", 
        "and gender identity;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 296, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Leonidas Donskis, Barbara Lochbihler, Sarah Ludford, Richard Howitt, Marie- Christine Vergiat, Charles Goerens, Kristiina Ojuland, Marietje Schaake", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "70. Strongly regrets that homosexuality", 
        "remains criminalised in 78 states, including", 
        "five in which it is subject to the death", 
        "penalty; calls on these states to", 
        "decriminalise homosexuality without", 
        "delay, to free those imprisoned on the basis", 
        "of their sexual orientation or gender", 
        "identity and not to execute them; calls on", 
        "the EEAS to make full use of the LGBT", 
        "Toolkit to protect the rights of LGBTI", 
        "people; calls on the Council to work", 
        "towards binding guidelines in this area;", 
        "calls on the EEAS and Member States to", 
        "assist LGBTI human rights defenders in", 
        "countries where they are at risk, and calls", 
        "on the VP/HR to continue making clear the", 
        "European Union's firm commitment to", 
        "equality and non-discrimination based on", 
        "sexual orientation, gender identity and", 
        "gender expression in the world, including", 
        "by launching and supporting initiatives at", 
        "bilateral, international and UN level on", 
        "these matters; repeats its call on the", 
        "Commission to issue a roadmap for", 
        "equality on grounds of sexual orientation", 
        "and gender identity;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 70"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 298, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Leonidas Donskis, Barbara Lochbihler, J\u00f6rg Leichtfried, Sarah Ludford, Richard Howitt, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Charles Goerens, Kristiina Ojuland, Marietje Schaake", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "70a. Calls on Member States to grant", 
        "asylum to people fleeing persecution in", 
        "countries where LGBT people are", 
        "criminalised, on the basis of applicants'", 
        "well-founded fears of persecution, and", 
        "relying on their self-identification as", 
        "lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender or", 
        "intersex;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 70 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 299, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Leonidas Donskis, Barbara Lochbihler, J\u00f6rg Leichtfried, Sarah Ludford, Richard Howitt, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Charles Goerens, Kristiina Ojuland, Marietje Schaake", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "70b. Reasserts that the principle of non-", 
        "discrimination, including on grounds of", 
        "sex and sexual orientation, is a", 
        "fundamental element in the ACP-EU", 
        "partnership;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 70 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 300, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Leonidas Donskis, Barbara Lochbihler, J\u00f6rg Leichtfried, Sarah Ludford, Richard Howitt, Marie-Christine Vergiat, Charles Goerens, Kristiina Ojuland, Marietje Schaake", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "70c. Underlines that for the EU's foreign", 
        "policy to be credible and coherent in the", 
        "field of fundamental rights, equality and", 
        "anti-discrimination, the Council should", 
        "adopt the directive on equal treatment", 
        "between persons irrespective of religion or", 
        "belief, disability, age or sexual orientation", 
        "and enlarge the application of the", 
        "Framework Decision on Racism and", 
        "Xenophobia to cover other targeted", 
        "groups, such as LGBT persons;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 70 c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "71. Condemns the continued human rights", 
        "violations committed against people", 
        "suffering from caste-based discrimination,", 
        "including the denial of equality and access", 
        "to justice, continued segregation and caste-", 
        "induced barriers to the achievement of", 
        "basic human rights; requests the Council,", 
        "the EEAS and the Commission to take joint", 
        "action on caste-based discrimination,", 
        "including in EU human rights", 
        "communications, frameworks and country-", 
        "based strategies and dialogues, wherever", 
        "appropriate;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 302, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "71. Notes the continued human rights", 
        "violations committed against people", 
        "suffering from discrimination on grounds", 
        "of actual or suspected membership of a", 
        "particular group on account of their", 
        "beliefs or culture; condemns specifically", 
        "those on grounds of caste, including the", 
        "denial of equality and access to justice,", 
        "continued segregation and caste-induced", 
        "barriers to the achievement of basic human", 
        "rights; requests the Council, the EEAS and", 
        "the Commission to take joint action on", 
        "caste-based discrimination, including in", 
        "EU human rights communications,", 
        "frameworks and country-based strategies", 
        "and dialogues, wherever appropriate;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 71"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 308, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Sabine L\u00f6sing, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "72a. Considers that natural resources are", 
        "essential to life and offer collective", 
        "benefits which allow them to be", 
        "considered as global public goods;", 
        "observes however that many local", 
        "populations do not always have access to", 
        "these resources or have difficulties in", 
        "receiving remuneration for the services", 
        "they help create; emphasises,", 
        "consequently, the importance of defining", 
        "the tools designed to measure the unequal", 
        "access to natural resources; welcomes the", 
        "adoption by the General Assembly of the", 
        "United Nations on 28 July 2010 of the", 
        "resolution recognising the basic right to", 
        "water and sanitation; hopes that the", 
        "European Union and the Member States", 
        "implement the recommendations of this", 
        "resolution by providing financial", 
        "resources, building capacity and", 
        "transferring technology, particularly for", 
        "developing countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 72 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 310, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Sabine L\u00f6sing", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "72b. Points out that the World Bank", 
        "estimates that 60 million people are totally", 
        "dependant on forests and that", 
        "deforestation constitutes a major", 
        "impediment to the attainment of the", 
        "Millennium Development Goals owing to", 
        "the loss of ecosystem services provided by", 
        "forests (particularly rainfall, prevention of", 
        "soil erosion and water purification);", 
        "points out that 70 % of the world\u2019s poor", 
        "live in rural areas and depend directly on", 
        "natural resources for their survival and", 
        "well-being, and that the urban poor also", 
        "rely on these resources for ecosystem", 
        "services such as the maintenance of air", 
        "and water quality and the breakdown of", 
        "waste; regrets that these issues do not lie", 
        "at the heart of the European Union\u2019s", 
        "development strategies with the countries", 
        "concerned;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 72 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 311, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "72c. Notes that a significant number of", 
        "individuals and cultural minorities do not", 
        "or no longer have access to certain", 
        "resources because those resources are", 
        "monopolised by companies or private", 
        "entities benefiting from the support of the", 
        "political authorities in the countries", 
        "concerned; highlights the consequences", 
        "of this situation in terms of food shortage", 
        "owing to the expulsion of farmers,", 
        "increases in food prices and restricted", 
        "access to basic goods, such as water; calls,", 
        "therefore, on the European Union and the", 
        "Member States to take the necessary", 
        "measures to put an end to the", 
        "monopolisation of resources, particularly", 
        "land, by European undertakings and to", 
        "put forward proposals in international", 
        "and regional fora and conferences (World", 
        "Bank, WTO, UNCTAD, IMF, OECD,", 
        "etc.) for recognising global public goods", 
        "and including them in a specific UN", 
        "convention;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 72 c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "75. Urges the EU to enhance its action to", 
        "end the practices of female genital", 
        "mutilation (FGM), early and forced", 
        "marriages, and gender-selective abortion;", 
        "insists that these policies should be", 
        "essential elements in EU approach to", 
        "development cooperation; stresses the", 
        "importance of adequate access to medical", 
        "means, and of information about sexual", 
        "and reproductive health, to the wellbeing of", 
        "women in all countries;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 321, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Leonidas Donskis, Barbara Lochbihler, Sarah Ludford, Richard Howitt, Marie- Christine Vergiat, Charles Goerens, Kristiina Ojuland, Metin Kazak, Marietje Schaake", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "75. Urges the EU to enhance its action to", 
        "end the practices of female genital", 
        "mutilation (FGM), early and forced", 
        "marriages, and gender-selective abortion;", 
        "insists that these policies should be", 
        "essential elements in EU approach to", 
        "development cooperation; stresses the", 
        "importance of adequate access to medical", 
        "means, and of information about sexual", 
        "and reproductive health and rights, to the", 
        "wellbeing of women in all countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 75"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 326, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat, Helmut Scholz", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "75a. Considers that violence towards", 
        "women is also expressed psychologically", 
        "by the presence of a relationship of", 
        "domination in society and by the", 
        "dissemination of degrading images of", 
        "women; highlights that the role of the", 
        "Commission and the Member States in", 
        "this field, both within and outside the EU,", 
        "cannot be limited to combating violence", 
        "against women in all its forms \u2013 physical,", 
        "psychological, social and economic \u2013 and", 
        "that priority should be given to non-", 
        "gender based education for girls and boys", 
        "from the earliest possible age, and to", 
        "combating gender stereotypes;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 75 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 327, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Leonidas Donskis, Barbara Lochbihler, Sarah Ludford, Richard Howitt, Marie- Christine Vergiat, Charles Goerens, Kristiina Ojuland, Metin Kazak, Marietje Schaake", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "75a. Notes that there continues to be", 
        "insufficient attention given to sexual and", 
        "reproductive rights violations that", 
        "undermine efforts towards the Cairo", 
        "Programme of Action (ICPD)", 
        "commitments; underlines that progress on", 
        "reproductive health has been limited in", 
        "some contexts by violations such as child,", 
        "early and forced marriage and failure to", 
        "enforce a legal minimum age of marriage,", 
        "coercive practices such as forced", 
        "sterilisation or FGM, as well as denial of", 
        "autonomy to women and girls to make", 
        "decisions about their sexual and", 
        "reproductive health free of discrimination,", 
        "coercion and violence;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 75 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "Freedom of religion or belief"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 350, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Freedom of thought, conscience or", 
        "religion"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Subheading 18"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "81. Remains deeply concerned that", 
        "discrimination based on religion or belief", 
        "continues in many regions of the world,", 
        "and that persons belonging to particular", 
        "religious communities, including religious", 
        "minorities, continue to be denied their", 
        "human rights; is particularly concerned by", 
        "the situation in China where individuals", 
        "who practise their religion outside", 
        "officially sanctioned channels, including", 
        "Christians, Muslims, Buddhists and Falun", 
        "Gong practitioners, often face persecution;", 
        "urges China to ratify the International", 
        "Covenant on Civil and Political Rights", 
        "(ICCPR) as it has promised; urges the", 
        "Chinese authorities to suspend and", 
        "subsequently amend, through genuinely", 
        "consultative processes with Tibetans, the", 
        "policies that most negatively impact", 
        "Tibetan Buddhism, culture and tradition;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 360, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "81. Stresses that freedom of conscience is", 
        "a fundamental value for the EU,", 
        "incorporating the freedom to believe or", 
        "not to believe and the freedom to practice", 
        "the religion of one\u2019s choice; remains", 
        "deeply concerned that discrimination based", 
        "on religion or belief continues in many", 
        "regions of the world, and that persons", 
        "belonging to particular religious", 
        "communities, including religious", 
        "minorities, continue to be denied their", 
        "human rights; is particularly concerned by", 
        "the situation in China where individuals", 
        "who practise their religion outside", 
        "officially sanctioned channels, including", 
        "Christians, Muslims, Buddhists and Falun", 
        "Gong practitioners, often face persecution;", 
        "urges China to ratify the International", 
        "Covenant on Civil and Political Rights", 
        "(ICCPR) as it has promised; urges the", 
        "Chinese authorities to suspend and", 
        "subsequently amend, through genuinely", 
        "consultative processes with Tibetans, the", 
        "policies that most negatively impact", 
        "Tibetan Buddhism, culture and tradition;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 81"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "82. Stresses the need for a toolkit to", 
        "advance the right to freedom of religion or", 
        "belief as part of EU\u2019s external policy; notes", 
        "that this toolkit should include a checklist", 
        "on the necessary freedoms pertaining to the", 
        "right of freedom of religion or belief, in", 
        "order to assess the situation, as well as a", 
        "methodology to help identify infringements", 
        "of freedom of religion or belief;", 
        "encourages the EEAS to involve civil", 
        "society organisations in the preparation of", 
        "the toolkit;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 374, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "82. Stresses the need for a toolkit to", 
        "advance the right to freedom of thought,", 
        "conscience or religion as part of EU\u2019s", 
        "external policy; notes that this toolkit", 
        "should include a checklist on the necessary", 
        "freedoms pertaining to the right of freedom", 
        "of thought, conscience or religion, in order", 
        "to assess the situation, as well as a", 
        "methodology to help identify infringements", 
        "of freedom of thought, conscience or", 
        "religion; encourages the EEAS to involve", 
        "civil society organisations in the", 
        "preparation of the toolkit;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 82"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.431%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "83. Stresses that international human rights", 
        "law recognises freedom of religion or", 
        "belief regardless of registration status, so", 
        "registration should not be a mandatory", 
        "precondition for practising one\u2019s religion;", 
        "points out with concern, furthermore, that", 
        "in China monks and nuns are required to", 
        "register with the Government, and must", 
        "operate under Government-controlled", 
        "management boards, and that this interferes", 
        "with their religious autonomy and restricts", 
        "their activity;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2145(INI)", 
      "seq": 393, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-10T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "83. Stresses that international human rights", 
        "law recognises freedom of thought,", 
        "conscience or religion regardless of", 
        "registration status, so registration should", 
        "not be a mandatory precondition for", 
        "practising one\u2019s religion; points out with", 
        "concern, furthermore, that in China monks", 
        "and nuns are required to register with the", 
        "Government, and must operate under", 
        "Government-controlled management", 
        "boards, and that this interferes with their", 
        "religious autonomy and restricts their", 
        "activity; affirms, at the same time, its", 
        "commitment to the freedom of expression", 
        "which should not be curtailed in the name", 
        "of religious principles; strongly", 
        "condemns, therefore, the crime of", 
        "blasphemy and the abuses made of it;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 83"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "H. whereas the current economic crisis, its", 
        "perceived effects on the strength of the", 
        "European project and changes in the global", 
        "balance of power have demonstrated the", 
        "insufficiency of lofty proclamations on", 
        "human rights issues if they are not matched", 
        "by a principled human rights policy", 
        "implemented through agile and concrete", 
        "measures and underpinned by an", 
        "obligation to respect the coherence and", 
        "consistency of the internal and external", 
        "dimensions of all EU policies;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 28, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "H. whereas the current economic crisis, its", 
        "effects on how European citizens view the", 
        "European project and changes in the global", 
        "balance between States have demonstrated", 
        "the insufficiency of lofty proclamations on", 
        "human rights issues if they are not matched", 
        "by a human rights policy that is grounded", 
        "in sacrosanct principles, implemented", 
        "with the same rigour in regard to partner", 
        "State governments around the world and", 
        "underpinned by coherence and consistency", 
        "in the internal and external dimensions of", 
        "all EU policies;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital H"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 30, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "Ha. whereas economic and social rights", 
        "have formed an integral part of human", 
        "rights since the adoption of the Universal", 
        "Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) in", 
        "1948; whereas it is imperative therefore", 
        "that the EU help implement these in the", 
        "least developed and developing countries", 
        "with which it signs international", 
        "agreements, including trade agreements;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital H a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "I. whereas technological change, increasing", 
        "levels of education throughout many", 
        "regions of the world, the advent of certain", 
        "developing countries as regional powers,", 
        "the creation of new multilateral forums", 
        "such as the G-20 and the emergence of an", 
        "interconnected global civil society all point", 
        "to the need to strengthen the current", 
        "instruments under international law and in", 
        "the context of global governance in order", 
        "to ensure respect for human rights, put an", 
        "end to impunity for human rights violations", 
        "and improve the prospects for democracy", 
        "across the world;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 32, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "I. whereas technological change, increasing", 
        "levels of education throughout many", 
        "regions of the world, the advent of certain", 
        "developing countries as regional powers,", 
        "the creation of new multilateral forums and", 
        "the emergence of an interconnected global", 
        "civil society all point to the need to", 
        "strengthen the current instruments under", 
        "international law and in the context of", 
        "global governance in order to ensure", 
        "respect for human rights, put an end to", 
        "impunity for human rights violations and", 
        "support, without interfering, democratic", 
        "developments across the world;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital I"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 40, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1a. Believes that the Special", 
        "Representative of the European Union", 
        "ought to have a cross-sectoral remit and", 
        "the means to implement a cohesive policy", 
        "that aims to integrate human rights into", 
        "all the European Union\u2019s policies, and", 
        "warns against any attempt to use the", 
        "creation of this post as a way of", 
        "separating human rights policy from", 
        "general external policy strategies;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "3. Stresses the need for coherence and", 
        "consistency across all policy areas as an", 
        "essential condition for an effective and", 
        "credible human rights strategy and", 
        "considers it regrettable that there is no", 
        "specific reference to these principles in the", 
        "EU Strategic Framework; reminds the", 
        "Commission of its repeated commitments,", 
        "as set out in its 2001 communication and", 
        "its 2010 Communication on an Action Plan", 
        "Implementing the Stockholm Programme", 
        "(COM(2010)0171), to take practical steps", 
        "to ensure greater coherence and", 
        "consistency between its external and", 
        "internal policies; recalls that the full", 
        "involvement of Parliament and greater", 
        "coordination in this area were agreed in", 
        "2001; reminds the Member States and the", 
        "EU institutions that respect for", 
        "fundamental rights begins at home and", 
        "must not be taken for granted, but", 
        "continually assessed and improved, so that", 
        "the EU can be heard as a credible voice on", 
        "human rights in the world;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 47, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Stresses the need for coherence and", 
        "consistency across all policy areas as an", 
        "essential condition for an effective and", 
        "credible human rights strategy and", 
        "considers it regrettable that there is no", 
        "specific reference to these principles in the", 
        "EU Strategic Framework; reminds the", 
        "Commission of its repeated commitments,", 
        "as set out in its 2001 communication and", 
        "its 2010 Communication on an Action Plan", 
        "Implementing the Stockholm Programme", 
        "(COM(2010)0171), to take practical steps", 
        "to ensure greater coherence and", 
        "consistency between its external and", 
        "internal policies; recalls that the full", 
        "involvement of Parliament and greater", 
        "coordination in this area were agreed in", 
        "2001; reminds the Member States and the", 
        "EU institutions that respect for", 
        "fundamental rights begins at home and", 
        "must not be taken for granted, but must be", 
        "continually assessed and improved, so that", 
        "the EU can be heard as a credible voice on", 
        "human rights in the world;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "11. Welcomes the pivotal role of the", 
        "human rights country strategies, which", 
        "were a long-standing request from", 
        "Parliament, and the fact that they have", 
        "been developed as an inclusive process", 
        "encompassing EU delegations, heads of", 
        "mission and the COHOM; deems it", 
        "essential to organise broad consultation,", 
        "especially with local civil society", 
        "organisations, human rights defenders and", 
        "other social and environmental", 
        "stakeholders; considers that country-", 
        "specific identification of priorities, realistic", 
        "objectives and forms of political leverage", 
        "is essential to more effective EU action and", 
        "measurable achievements;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 63, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "11. Welcomes the pivotal role of the", 
        "human rights country strategies, which", 
        "were a long-standing request from", 
        "Parliament, and the fact that they have", 
        "been developed as an inclusive process", 
        "encompassing EU delegations, heads of", 
        "mission and the COHOM; deems it", 
        "essential to organise broad consultation,", 
        "especially with local civil society", 
        "organisations, human rights defenders and", 
        "other social and environmental", 
        "stakeholders and stresses that they must be", 
        "protected by implementing measures to", 
        "this end; considers that country-specific", 
        "identification of priorities, objectives and", 
        "forms of political leverage is essential to", 
        "more effective EU action and measurable", 
        "achievements;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "14. Takes due note of the reference in the", 
        "EU Action Plan on Human Rights and", 
        "Democracy to the development of criteria", 
        "for the application of the human rights and", 
        "democracy clause and remains convinced", 
        "that this clause, as a legally binding", 
        "commitment by the EU and partner", 
        "countries, needs to be complemented by an", 
        "operational enforcement mechanism so that", 
        "it can be given concrete shape;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 80, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "14. Takes due note of the reference in the", 
        "EU Action Plan on Human Rights and", 
        "Democracy to the development of criteria", 
        "for the application of the human rights and", 
        "democracy clause, points out that", 
        "although democracy and human rights", 
        "clauses have figured in political", 
        "framework agreements with third", 
        "countries since 1995 and in agreements", 
        "concluded with more than 120 countries,", 
        "these clauses have on the whole been", 
        "ignored; remains convinced that this", 
        "clause, which ought in reality to be a", 
        "legally binding commitment by the EU and", 
        "partner countries, needs to be", 
        "complemented by an operational", 
        "enforcement mechanism so that it can be", 
        "given concrete shape; believes that the", 
        "following are required: ex ante", 
        "monitoring mechanisms before a", 
        "framework agreement is concluded and", 
        "essential to its conclusion, and ex post", 
        "monitoring mechanisms with tangible", 
        "consequences, including suspension of", 
        "the agreement, for violation of these", 
        "clauses;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 14"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "15. Recommends that the High", 
        "Representative base this mechanism on", 
        "recognition of the potential risk of a", 
        "partner country breaching international", 
        "human rights standards, by including", 
        "specific features of a genuine \u2018early", 
        "warning\u2019 system in the clause, and on the", 
        "establishment of a graduated framework", 
        "based on consultation, steps and", 
        "consequences, similar to the one provided", 
        "for in the Cotonou Agreement; notes that", 
        "such a system, based on dialogue, would", 
        "help to identify and address a deteriorating", 
        "environment and repeated and/or", 
        "systematic human rights violations in", 
        "breach of international law, and make it", 
        "possible to discuss corrective measures", 
        "within a binding framework; calls,", 
        "therefore, for the review also to assess the", 
        "role, mandate and objectives of human", 
        "rights dialogues and consultation, which", 
        "should be differently thought out and", 
        "designed;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 83, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "15. Recommends that the High", 
        "Representative base this mechanism on", 
        "recognition of the consequences of", 
        "breaching international human rights", 
        "standards, by including specific features of", 
        "a genuine \u2018early warning\u2019 system in the", 
        "clause, and on the establishment of a", 
        "graduated framework based on", 
        "consultation, steps and consequences,", 
        "similar to the one provided for in the", 
        "Cotonou Agreement; notes that such a", 
        "system, based on dialogue, would help to", 
        "identify and address a deteriorating", 
        "environment and repeated and/or", 
        "systematic human rights violations in", 
        "breach of international law, and make it", 
        "possible to discuss corrective measures", 
        "within a binding framework; calls,", 
        "therefore, for the review also to assess the", 
        "role, mandate and objectives of human", 
        "rights dialogues and consultation, which", 
        "should be differently thought out and", 
        "designed;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 15"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "16. Highlights the Council\u2019s 2009 decision", 
        "to extend the human rights and democracy", 
        "clause to all agreements and to provide for", 
        "a linkage between these agreements and", 
        "free trade agreements by including a", 
        "\u2018passerelle clause\u2019 where necessary; notes", 
        "that this extension of the coverage of the", 
        "human rights clause necessarily requires a", 
        "clear mechanism for its implementation at", 
        "the institutional and political levels;", 
        "reiterates its long-standing position on the", 
        "systematic inclusion of a human rights and", 
        "democracy clause in all agreements, with", 
        "both industrialised and developing", 
        "countries, including sectoral agreements", 
        "and agreements on trade and investment;", 
        "considers it essential that all partner", 
        "countries, in particular like-minded", 
        "countries and strategic partners with which", 
        "the EU is negotiating agreements,", 
        "subscribe to this binding commitment;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 88, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16. Highlights the Council\u2019s 2009 decision", 
        "to extend the human rights and democracy", 
        "clause to all agreements and to provide for", 
        "a linkage between these agreements and", 
        "free trade agreements by including a", 
        "\u2018passerelle clause\u2019 where necessary; notes", 
        "that this extension of the coverage of the", 
        "human rights clause necessarily requires a", 
        "clear mechanism for its implementation at", 
        "the institutional and political levels;", 
        "reiterates its long-standing position on the", 
        "systematic inclusion of a human rights and", 
        "democracy clause in all agreements, with", 
        "both industrialised and developing", 
        "countries, including sectoral agreements", 
        "and agreements on trade and investment;", 
        "considers it essential that all partner", 
        "countries, in particular like-minded", 
        "countries and strategic partners with which", 
        "the EU is negotiating agreements,", 
        "subscribe to this binding commitment and", 
        "that the EU establish the consequences of", 
        "any violations noted thereto;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 89, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "16a. Emphasises that introducing these", 
        "clauses into free trade agreements", 
        "concluded by the EU with third countries", 
        "has not only been a failure insofar as they", 
        "have almost never been taken into", 
        "account, but also because in some cases", 
        "the free trade agreements themselves have", 
        "resulted in basic economic and social", 
        "rights being violated, the people", 
        "concerned being impoverished and", 
        "resources being monopolised by", 
        "transnational corporations; believes", 
        "therefore that new forms of cooperation", 
        "need to be implemented so that economic", 
        "and social development in third countries", 
        "may be in line with the needs of the", 
        "people;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 16 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "19. Believes that the EU is addressing its", 
        "obligations under the Lisbon Treaty and", 
        "the Charter by preparing human rights", 
        "impact assessments prior to the launch of", 
        "negotiations on all bilateral or multilateral", 
        "agreements with third countries; notes that", 
        "this systematic practice is the only way to", 
        "ensure consistency between primary law,", 
        "EU external action and the third party\u2019s", 
        "own obligations under international", 
        "conventions, including the International", 
        "Covenant on Civil and Political Rights", 
        "(ICCPR); calls for these impact", 
        "assessments to encompass the full range of", 
        "human rights, understood as an indivisible", 
        "whole; notes that they must be conducted", 
        "in an independent, transparent and", 
        "participatory manner, involving potentially", 
        "affected communities; calls on the", 
        "Commission and the EEAS to develop a", 
        "robust methodology which enshrines the", 
        "principles of equality and non-", 
        "discrimination so as to avoid any negative", 
        "impact on certain populations and which", 
        "provides for mutually agreed preventive or", 
        "remedial measures in the event of any", 
        "negative impact, before negotiations are", 
        "finalised;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 96, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "19. Believes that the EU can only fully", 
        "address its obligations under the Lisbon", 
        "Treaty and the Charter by preparing human", 
        "rights impact assessments prior to the", 
        "launch of negotiations on all bilateral or", 
        "multilateral agreements with third", 
        "countries; notes that this systematic", 
        "practice is the only way to ensure", 
        "consistency between primary law, EU", 
        "external action and the third party\u2019s own", 
        "obligations under international", 
        "conventions, including international", 
        "agreements on civil, political, economic,", 
        "cultural and social rights; calls for these", 
        "impact assessments to encompass the full", 
        "range of human rights, understood as an", 
        "indivisible whole; notes that they must be", 
        "conducted in an independent, transparent", 
        "and participatory manner, involving", 
        "potentially affected communities; calls on", 
        "the Commission and the EEAS to develop", 
        "a robust methodology which enshrines the", 
        "principles of equality and non-", 
        "discrimination so as to avoid any negative", 
        "impact on certain populations and which", 
        "provides for mutually agreed preventive or", 
        "remedial measures in the event of any", 
        "negative impact, before negotiations are", 
        "finalised;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 19"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "20. Draws particular attention to the need", 
        "to carry out impact assessments of those", 
        "projects whose implementation carries a", 
        "serious risk of violating the Charter\u2019s", 
        "provisions, such as projects relating to the", 
        "judiciary, border control agencies and", 
        "police and security forces in countries", 
        "governed by repressive regimes;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 101, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "20. Draws particular attention to the need", 
        "to carry out impact assessments of those", 
        "projects whose implementation carries a", 
        "serious risk of violating the Charter\u2019s", 
        "provisions, such as projects relating to the", 
        "judiciary, border control agencies and", 
        "police and security forces in countries", 
        "governed by repressive regimes; considers", 
        "the exchange of personal data with such", 
        "regimes unacceptable and even more so", 
        "the extradition of people to such", 
        "countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 20"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "24. Stresses that these events have", 
        "demonstrated wilful blindness on the part", 
        "of the EU to the realities of Arab Spring", 
        "societies, including the situation of young", 
        "people in those countries, which suggests", 
        "the need to create exchange programmes or", 
        "open up European programmes to Arab", 
        "Spring youth, and for civil-society-based", 
        "reflection on the causes and consequences", 
        "of the lack of awareness in relation to", 
        "these societies; points out that such", 
        "reflection could be enhanced by the", 
        "establishment of a Euro-Arab Youth", 
        "Convention;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 116, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "24. Stresses that these events have", 
        "demonstrated wilful blindness on the part", 
        "of the EU to the realities of Arab Spring", 
        "societies, including the situation of young", 
        "people in those countries, which suggests", 
        "the need to create exchange programmes,", 
        "to ease visa conditions for students or", 
        "open up more European programmes to", 
        "Arab Spring youth, and for civil-society-", 
        "based reflection on the causes and", 
        "consequences of the lack of awareness of", 
        "problems, particularly economic and", 
        "social, in these societies; points out that", 
        "such reflection could be enhanced by the", 
        "establishment of a Euro-Arab Youth", 
        "Convention;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 24"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "25. Insists that the High Representative", 
        "and the Commission implement with", 
        "conviction the renewed European", 
        "Neighbourhood Policy by applying with", 
        "equal attention the \u2018more for more\u2019 and", 
        "\u2018less for less\u2019 principles; believes that", 
        "countries clearly assessed as not making", 
        "progress on deep democracy should see the", 
        "Union\u2019s support reduced in line with the", 
        "aims of this policy; is concerned about the", 
        "perpetuation of past attitudes whereby", 
        "excessive political reward is given for steps", 
        "taken by partner governments which do not", 
        "contribute to the direct achievement of the", 
        "objectives;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 123, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "25. Takes note of the implementation by", 
        "the High Representative and the", 
        "Commission of the renewed European", 
        "Neighbourhood Policy by applying the", 
        "\u2018more for more\u2019 and \u2018less for less\u2019", 
        "principles; believes that countries clearly", 
        "assessed as not making progress on deep", 
        "democracy should see the Union\u2019s support", 
        "reduced, in line with the aims of this", 
        "policy, particularly so when they infringe", 
        "certain of the core principles; is concerned", 
        "about the perpetuation of past attitudes", 
        "whereby excessive political reward is given", 
        "for steps taken by partner governments", 
        "which do not contribute to the direct", 
        "achievement of the objectives;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 25"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 128, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "25a. Considers that the EU must not", 
        "forget its responsibility in the economic,", 
        "social and political situation leading to", 
        "the popular uprisings in the \u2018Arab Spring\u2019", 
        "countries and must assist the institutions", 
        "in these countries in carrying out checks", 
        "on their foreign debts, particularly", 
        "European debts, in order to identify the", 
        "illegal portion of these debts which did not", 
        "benefit the population and to implement", 
        "all mechanisms allowing them to be", 
        "written off quickly; is concerned that the", 
        "partners\u2019 discussions are continuing", 
        "along the same lines as previously, in", 
        "particular as regards retaining provisions", 
        "on liberalisation of the agriculture or", 
        "public services sectors in current", 
        "negotiations, as is the case with Tunisia", 
        "for instance;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 25 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "26. Welcomes the initiative of introducing", 
        "a rights-based approach to development", 
        "policy, notes that such an approach must be", 
        "based on the indivisibility of human rights,", 
        "and firmly believes that human beings", 
        "rather than governments should be at the", 
        "heart of cooperation objectives; emphasises", 
        "that policy coherence for development", 
        "must be understood in this context as", 
        "contributing to the full realisation of", 
        "human rights objectives, so that different", 
        "EU policies do not undermine one another", 
        "in this respect;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 130, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "26. Welcomes the initiative of introducing", 
        "a rights-based approach to development", 
        "policy, notes that such an approach must be", 
        "based on the indivisibility of human rights,", 
        "and firmly believes that human beings and", 
        "their welfare, rather than governments,", 
        "should be at the heart of cooperation", 
        "objectives; emphasises that policy", 
        "coherence for development must be", 
        "understood in this context as contributing", 
        "to the full realisation of human rights", 
        "objectives, so that different EU policies do", 
        "not undermine one another in this respect;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 26"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 146, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "30a. Considers that the procedure for", 
        "awarding the Sakharov Prize needs to be", 
        "reviewed, notably by including a vote in", 
        "plenary in the part-session, to make it", 
        "more transparent and enhance its", 
        "legitimacy; insists on the importance of", 
        "following up all prize winners, in", 
        "particular to ensure their protection when", 
        "they are at odds with the authorities in", 
        "their own countries;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 30 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-496.432%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "31. Calls for concrete application of Article", 
        "36 TEU in order to ensure that", 
        "Parliament\u2019s views are duly taken into", 
        "consideration when it comes to the follow-", 
        "up of resolutions and recommends", 
        "stronger dialogue in this regard;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2062(INI)", 
      "seq": 147, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "31. Calls for concrete application of Article", 
        "36 TEU in order to ensure that", 
        "Parliament\u2019s views are taken into account", 
        "and recommends stronger dialogue in this", 
        "regard when it comes to the follow-up of", 
        "resolutions;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 31"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-491.333%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "1. Considers it essential to ensure", 
        "cooperation with the countries of origin", 
        "and transit of refugees through support for", 
        "regional protection programmes, a suitable", 
        "resettlement policy, diplomatic", 
        "representations in third countries and the", 
        "correct application of exceptions to visa", 
        "rules to ensure improved access to the", 
        "Common European Asylum System;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2032(INI)", 
      "seq": 3, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-06-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Considers it essential to ensure", 
        "cooperation with the countries of origin", 
        "and transit of refugees through support for", 
        "regional protection programmes, a suitable", 
        "resettlement policy, diplomatic", 
        "representations in third countries and the", 
        "correct application of exceptions to visa", 
        "rules to ensure improved access to the", 
        "Common European Asylum System, in", 
        "particular of Article 25 of the EU Visa", 
        "Code which allows Member States to issue", 
        "visas on humanitarian grounds ( a visa", 
        "with limited territorial validity shall be", 
        "issued exceptionally ... on humanitarian", 
        "grounds, for reasons of national interest", 
        "or because of international obligations);"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-491.333%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "3. Calls on the Member States to provide", 
        "without delay updated information", 
        "regarding asylum seekers and detention", 
        "centres facilitating the provision of more", 
        "reliable statistics and the centralisation of", 
        "this information through the EASO,", 
        "providing it with the necessary powers and", 
        "resources in accordance with its founding", 
        "regulation;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2032(INI)", 
      "seq": 14, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-06-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Calls on the Member States to provide", 
        "without delay updated accurate and", 
        "reliable information and data regarding", 
        "asylum seekers, such as detention centres,", 
        "facilitating the provision of more reliable", 
        "statistics and the centralisation of this", 
        "information through the EASO, providing", 
        "it with the necessary powers and resources", 
        "in accordance with its founding regulation;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-491.333%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "4. Calls for the EUREMA relocation pilot", 
        "project to be more widely adopted and for", 
        "the establishment of a permanent", 
        "programme for resettlement between", 
        "Member States of beneficiaries of", 
        "international protection;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2032(INI)", 
      "seq": 18, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-06-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Calls for the EUREMA relocation pilot", 
        "project to be more widely adopted and for", 
        "Member States to participate more", 
        "actively in such initiatives, and for the", 
        "establishment of a permanent programme", 
        "for resettlement between Member States of", 
        "beneficiaries of international protection;", 
        "emphasises that intra-EU relocation and", 
        "resettlement programmes are", 
        "complementary actions aimed at showing", 
        "both intra- and extra-EU solidarity and", 
        "neither of them should prejudice the", 
        "other;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-491.333%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "5. Considers that the Dublin system has", 
        "failed to meet its objective of establishing a", 
        "fair division of asylum responsibilities", 
        "between the Member States;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2032(INI)", 
      "seq": 22, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-06-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Considers that the Dublin system has", 
        "failed to meet its objective of establishing a", 
        "fair division of asylum responsibilities", 
        "between the Member States, as it", 
        "disproportionately shifts responsibility", 
        "towards Member States located at the", 
        "external borders of the EU, and stresses", 
        "the need to review and reform the logic", 
        "underlying the Dublin Regulation and", 
        "other mechanisms in order to consider", 
        "how responsibility for asylum applications", 
        "is allocated;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-491.333%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2032(INI)", 
      "seq": 25, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-06-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5a. Stresses the need to ensure that people", 
        "in need of international protection are", 
        "able to enter the EU to gain access there", 
        "to a fair asylum procedure without putting", 
        "their lives at risk or falling into the hands", 
        "of traffickers; reiterates, in this respect,", 
        "the importance of establishing national", 
        "protected entry procedures for asylum", 
        "seekers in countries of origin and transit;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-491.333%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2032(INI)", 
      "seq": 26, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-06-19T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5b. Recommends that Member States and", 
        "the Commission draw up an EU protocol", 
        "for the Mediterranean region in order to", 
        "close the gaps which still remain in regard", 
        "to the application of international laws", 
        "concerning search and rescue areas, and", 
        "in particular in connection with rescue,", 
        "landing and reception services;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-491.263%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/0412(COD)", 
      "seq": 91, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Sabine L\u00f6sing, Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-06-15T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(16a) Under this regulation, the", 
        "documents that define the objectives,", 
        "priorities, expected results and financial", 
        "allocations in broad terms are strategic", 
        "programming documents. In order to", 
        "ensure full democratic control,", 
        "transparency and participation in the", 
        "process of development, adoption and", 
        "revision of those documents co-decision in", 
        "form of ordinary legislative procedure", 
        "shall be introduced in accordance with", 
        "Article 294 of the Treaty on the", 
        "Functioning of the European Union."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Proposal for a regulation", 
          "Recital 16 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.538%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "B. whereas instruments governing the EU\u2019s", 
        "Common Foreign and Security Policy", 
        "(CFSP) include the Universal Declaration", 
        "of Human Rights, the UN International", 
        "Covenant on Civil and Political Rights", 
        "(ICCPR) and its two Optional Protocols,", 
        "and the UN Convention Against Torture", 
        "(CAT), and the Optional Protocol to the", 
        "CAT, which not only mandates an absolute", 
        "ban on torture but also requires", 
        "investigation of allegations of torture;", 
        "whereas the EU guidelines on torture", 
        "provide the framework for the EU\u2019s efforts", 
        "\u2018to prevent and eradicate torture and ill-", 
        "treatment in all parts of the world\u2019;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2033(INI)", 
      "seq": 3, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "B. whereas instruments governing the EU\u2019s", 
        "Common Foreign and Security Policy", 
        "(CFSP) include the Universal Declaration", 
        "of Human Rights, the UN International", 
        "Covenant on Civil and Political Rights", 
        "(ICCPR) and its two Optional Protocols,", 
        "and the UN Convention Against Torture", 
        "(CAT), and the Optional Protocol to the", 
        "CAT, and the Council of Europe\u2019s", 
        "Convention for the Protection of Human", 
        "Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and", 
        "the European Convention for the", 
        "Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or", 
        "Degrading Treatment or Punishment,", 
        "which not only mandate an absolute ban", 
        "on torture but also require investigation of", 
        "allegations of torture; whereas the EU", 
        "guidelines on torture provide the", 
        "framework for the EU\u2019s efforts \u2018to prevent", 
        "and eradicate torture and ill-treatment in all", 
        "parts of the world\u2019;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Recital B"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "1. Recalls that counter-terrorism strategies", 
        "can only be fully effective if they are", 
        "conducted in compliance with human", 
        "rights obligations and due process;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2033(INI)", 
      "seq": 23, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "1. Recalls that counter-terrorism strategies", 
        "can only be effective if they are conducted", 
        "in strict compliance with human rights", 
        "obligations and in particular the right to", 
        "due process;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 1"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.538%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "2. Reiterates its condemnation of the", 
        "practices of extraordinary rendition, secret", 
        "prisons and torture, which are prohibited", 
        "under domestic and international human", 
        "rights law and which breach inter alia the", 
        "rights to liberty, security, humane", 
        "treatment, freedom from torture,", 
        "presumption of innocence, fair trial, legal", 
        "counsel and equal protection under the law;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2033(INI)", 
      "seq": 28, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Reiterates its condemnation of the", 
        "practices of extraordinary rendition, secret", 
        "prisons and torture, which are prohibited", 
        "under domestic and international law", 
        "stipulating respect for human rights and", 
        "which breach inter alia the rights to liberty,", 
        "security, humane treatment, freedom from", 
        "torture, presumption of innocence, fair", 
        "trial, legal counsel and equal protection", 
        "under the law;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.538%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "3. Regards it as essential that the EU", 
        "ensures accountability for any abusive", 
        "practices in the fight against terrorism, not", 
        "only so that the EU can live up to its values", 
        "but also so that it can establish an", 
        "international lead in this matter;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2033(INI)", 
      "seq": 31, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Regards it as essential that the EU", 
        "condemns any abusive practices in the", 
        "fight against terrorism, including any", 
        "committed on its territory, not only so that", 
        "the EU can live up to its values but also so", 
        "that it can credibly advocate them in its", 
        "external partnerships;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.538%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "5. Urges NATO and United States", 
        "authorities to conduct their own", 
        "investigations, collaborate fully with EU", 
        "and Member State parliamentary or judicial", 
        "inquiries on these issues1, disclose", 
        "information on extraordinary rendition", 
        "programmes and clarify that all NATO", 
        "agreements and NATO-EU and other", 
        "transatlantic arrangements comply with", 
        "fundamental rights;", 
        "______________", 
        "1", 
        "See inter alia European Parliament resolution of", 
        "9 June 2011 on Guant\u00e1namo: imminent death", 
        "penalty decision (P7_TA(2011)0271)."
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2033(INI)", 
      "seq": 43, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "5. Urges NATO and United States", 
        "authorities to conduct their own", 
        "investigations, collaborate fully with EU", 
        "and Member State parliamentary or judicial", 
        "inquiries on these issues1 and disclose", 
        "information on extraordinary rendition", 
        "programmes, and calls for all NATO", 
        "agreements and NATO-EU and other", 
        "transatlantic arrangements to comply with", 
        "fundamental rights;", 
        "______________", 
        "1", 
        "See inter alia European Parliament resolution of", 
        "9 June 2011 on Guant\u00e1namo: imminent death", 
        "penalty decision (P7_TA(2011)0271)."
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 5"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.538%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "6. Calls on the relevant authorities to end", 
        "the habit of routinely invoking state", 
        "secrecy in relation to international", 
        "intelligence cooperation to block", 
        "accountability and redress, and insists that", 
        "only genuine national security reasons can", 
        "justify secrecy, which is in any case", 
        "overridden by non-derogable fundamental", 
        "rights obligations such as the absolute", 
        "prohibition on torture;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2033(INI)", 
      "seq": 49, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Calls on the relevant authorities to end", 
        "the habit of routinely invoking state", 
        "secrecy in relation to international", 
        "intelligence cooperation to block", 
        "accountability and redress, and insists that", 
        "only genuine national security reasons can", 
        "justify secrecy, which is in any case", 
        "overridden by non-derogable fundamental", 
        "rights obligations such as the absolute", 
        "prohibition on torture, including arbitrary,", 
        "indefinite detention;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.538%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "7. Calls on the EU to ensure that its own", 
        "international obligations are fully observed", 
        "and that EU policies and foreign policy", 
        "instruments, such as the torture guidelines", 
        "and human rights dialogues, are fully", 
        "implemented, so that it is in a stronger", 
        "position to call for the rigorous", 
        "implementation of human rights clauses in", 
        "association agreements and to urge its", 
        "major allies, such as the United States, to", 
        "respect their own domestic and", 
        "international law;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2033(INI)", 
      "seq": 53, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-30T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "7. Calls on the EU to ensure that its own", 
        "international obligations are fully observed", 
        "and that EU policies and foreign policy", 
        "instruments, such as the torture guidelines", 
        "and human rights dialogues, are fully", 
        "implemented, so that it is in a stronger", 
        "position to call for the rigorous", 
        "implementation of human rights clauses in", 
        "all international agreements that it signs", 
        "and to urge its major allies, such as the", 
        "United States, to respect their own", 
        "domestic and international law;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Draft opinion", 
          "Paragraph 7"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.532%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2012/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 4, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "B a. Whereas the Human rights in the", 
        "world and the European Union's policy", 
        "on the matter including implications for", 
        "the EU's strategic human rights policy", 
        "report requests that, the EU Special", 
        "Representative should have cross-sectoral", 
        "skills enabling the implementation of a", 
        "cohesion policy aimed at integrating", 
        "human rights in all EU policies; warns,", 
        "however, against any attempt to isolate", 
        "human rights policy from the overall", 
        "external policy strategies through the", 
        "creation of such a Special Representative;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Recital B a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-489.532%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "(m) the EUSR for HR should be", 
        "responsible for constituting a team,", 
        "covering the necessary policy expertise in", 
        "line with the mandate and acting in the", 
        "interest of the mandate of the EUSR for", 
        "HR; the team may include seconded staff", 
        "from Member States and EU institutions,", 
        "reflecting also the need to ensure", 
        "coherence and the mainstreaming of human", 
        "rights across the activities of all EU", 
        "institutions and Member States;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2012/2088(INI)", 
      "seq": 29, 
      "orig_lang": "en", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-05-16T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "(m) the EUSR for HR should be", 
        "responsible for constituting a team,", 
        "covering the necessary policy expertise in", 
        "line with the mandate and acting in the", 
        "interest of the mandate of the EUSR for", 
        "HR; considering the scope and cross-", 
        "sectoral nature of the mandate and the", 
        "large number of NGOs, experts and", 
        "international organisations accros the", 
        "world that will need to be consulted and", 
        "the amount of information that will need", 
        "to be processed underlines the importance", 
        "of the allocation of sufficient staff", 
        "working under the direct supervision of", 
        "the EUSR for HR; the team may include", 
        "seconded staff from Member States and", 
        "EU institutions, reflecting also the need to", 
        "ensure coherence and the mainstreaming of", 
        "human rights across the activities of all EU", 
        "institutions and Member States;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 1 \u2013 point m"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "old": [
        "on the Annual Report on Human Rights in", 
        "the World and the European Union\u2019s", 
        "policy on the matter, including", 
        "implications for the EU\u2019s strategic human", 
        "rights policy"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 1, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "on the Annual Report on Human Rights in", 
        "the World and the European Union\u2019s", 
        "policy on the matter, including", 
        "implications for the EU\u2019s strategic Human", 
        "rights policy", 
        "(This amendment applies throughout the", 
        "document: adoption would involve", 
        "technical adjustments throughout the text.", 
        "Linguistic amendment concerning French", 
        "version.)"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Title"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "2. Stresses, too, that the Union\u2019s policies", 
        "must not only be consistent, but also", 
        "exemplary, in order to maximise its moral", 
        "authority globally; insists that a clear", 
        "indication that the recommendations made", 
        "in the 2007 Fava report on the", 
        "transportation and illegal detention of", 
        "prisoners will be implemented, and", 
        "welcomes the initiative to draw up a", 
        "follow-up Parliamentary report;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 36, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2. Stresses, too, that the Union\u2019s policies", 
        "must not only be consistent, but also", 
        "exemplary, within the EU, in order to", 
        "maximise the EU\u2019s credibility globally and", 
        "the effectiveness of Human Rights", 
        "policies; insists that a clear indication that", 
        "the recommendations made in the 2007", 
        "Fava report on the transportation and", 
        "illegal detention of prisoners will be", 
        "implemented, and welcomes the initiative", 
        "to draw up a follow-up Parliamentary", 
        "report;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 40, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "2 a. Recalls that economic and social", 
        "rights have been an integral part of", 
        "Human Rights since the adoption of the", 
        "Universal Declaration of Human Rights", 
        "(UDHR) in 1948; believes therefore, that", 
        "the EU must help implement these in less", 
        "advanced countries and developing", 
        "countries with which it signs international", 
        "agreements including trade agreements;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 2 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "3. Believes that the recast of the asylum", 
        "directives should put an end to continuing", 
        "concerns about human rights breaches, as", 
        "well as allegations of double standards by", 
        "EU Member States in this area; maintains", 
        "that the Member States should provide", 
        "correlation tables for the pertinent", 
        "provisions of the directives, in order to", 
        "allow for proper scrutiny of their", 
        "implementation; stresses that the difficult", 
        "exercise of developing a common policy", 
        "presents an opportunity to build on best", 
        "practice; underlines the role to be played", 
        "by the European Asylum Support Office", 
        "(EASO);"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 41, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3. Believes that the revision of EU", 
        "legislation should put an end to recurring", 
        "human rights breaches, as well as", 
        "allegations of double standards by EU", 
        "Member States in this area and recalls that", 
        "Member States must respect the", 
        "provisions of the Geneva Convention", 
        "which they have ratified so that asylum", 
        "seekers in the EU may truly have access", 
        "to asylum in all Member States and", 
        "benefit from the international protection", 
        "they need; highlights that for the creation", 
        "of a Common European Asylum System", 
        "legislation based on the minimum", 
        "national laws and practices is not enough", 
        "and regrets the slow progress in adopting", 
        "a Common European Asylum System due", 
        "in 2012 and consequently calls for a", 
        "system to be adopted as an urgent", 
        "response to the situation of asylum", 
        "seekers, respecting Human Rights and", 
        "dignity and decent living conditions for", 
        "asylum seekers; maintains that the Member", 
        "States should provide correlation tables for", 
        "the pertinent provisions of the directives, in", 
        "order to allow for proper scrutiny of their", 
        "implementation; stresses that the difficult", 
        "exercise of developing a common policy", 
        "presents an opportunity to build on best", 
        "practice;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
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      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 46, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3 a. Underlines the role to be played by", 
        "the European Asylum Support Office", 
        "(EASO); underlines the need for close", 
        "collaboration between the EU and the", 
        "UNHCR to provide effective coordination", 
        "for the national authorities of Member", 
        "States in welcoming refugees;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 47, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3 b. Disputes that the EU, the Member", 
        "States and the Commission do not", 
        "indicate any change in migration policy", 
        "as shown in the various Commission", 
        "communications on the New European", 
        "Neighbourhood Policy or the Partnership", 
        "with the countries in the southern", 
        "Mediterranean following the Arab", 
        "Spring; Condemns the fact that the", 
        "Commission and the Union, control", 
        "mobility in the Mediterranean area", 
        "through strengthening external EU", 
        "border control and measures in the", 
        "surrounding southern Mediterranean", 
        "countries and deepening any partnerships", 
        "and association agreements to be", 
        "concluded, particularly readmission", 
        "agreements and through strengthening", 
        "measures in third Countries on combating", 
        "illegal immigration; Deplores that the", 
        "EUs approach to migratory policy", 
        "continues to emphasise the control of", 
        "migration rather than a policy which", 
        "allows the free movement of people who", 
        "want to live in another country, often to", 
        "have a better life; emphasises that these", 
        "proposals and this approach contradicts", 
        "EU values and principles and in line with", 
        "its state desire to promote democracy and", 
        "Human Rights;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 49, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "3 c. Calls immediately for the Union, the", 
        "Member States and the European", 
        "Commission to take the measures needed", 
        "to ensure the rescue at sea of migrants", 
        "trying to enter the EU and to ensure", 
        "coordination and cooperation between the", 
        "Member States and the competent", 
        "authorities in order to avoid the drowning", 
        "and death of hundreds of women,", 
        "children and men at sea;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 3 c (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "4. Encourages the negotiations on the", 
        "EU\u2019s accession to the European", 
        "Convention on Human Rights, and", 
        "deplores the obstructionist attitude of some", 
        "EU Member States, notably France and the", 
        "United Kingdom;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 50, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4. Welcomes the conclusion of", 
        "negotiations on the EU\u2019s accession to the", 
        "European Convention on Human Rights in", 
        "accordance with Article 6 of the TEU; is", 
        "concerned about the questions posed by", 
        "certain Member States on this EU", 
        "accession, and the dilatory, even", 
        "obstructionist, attitude of some EU", 
        "Member States, notably France and the", 
        "United Kingdom; deplores the slow pace", 
        "of the ratification procedures in the", 
        "Member States and the attitude of certain", 
        "Member States who are delaying this", 
        "process;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 52, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4 a. Calls on the EU Member States to", 
        "ratify the International Covenant on Civil", 
        "and Political Rights (ICCPR) and the ILO", 
        "Declaration of 1998; calls for the EU to", 
        "comply with the Social Charter of 1961", 
        "and the Revised Social Charter; calls for", 
        "the Commission to assist, as an observer,", 
        "in particular in the work of the", 
        "Commissioner for Human Rights of the", 
        "European Committee of Social Rights", 
        "(ECSR) and in the Governmental", 
        "Committee on the Social Charter;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 53, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "4 b. Recognises that the current crisis has", 
        "a dramatic social impact on populations", 
        "within and outside of the EU, notes that", 
        "the different austerity measures adopted", 
        "by the EU and other international", 
        "institutions such as the IMF have lead to", 
        "a deterioration in social and democratic", 
        "rights and a significant deterioration in", 
        "living conditions, particularly for the most", 
        "vulnerable and fragile;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 4 b (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "6. Emphasises the crucial role played by", 
        "civil society in the protection and", 
        "promotion of democracy and human", 
        "rights; stresses that EU contacts with civil", 
        "society should be built on a genuine", 
        "partnership, including systematic and", 
        "regular dialogue on an equal footing;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 57, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "6. Emphasises the crucial role played by", 
        "civil society in the protection and", 
        "promotion of democracy and Human", 
        "rights; stresses that EU contacts with civil", 
        "society should be built on a genuine", 
        "partnership, including systematic and", 
        "regular dialogue on an equal footing; that", 
        "the information collected in this context", 
        "must be put to good use but also protected", 
        "by EU policies particularly through", 
        "clauses on democracy and Human Rights;", 
        "stresses the need to improve the sharing of", 
        "information between the different actors", 
        "in the defence of Human Rights across", 
        "the world, in order to better understand", 
        "the activities and actions taken,", 
        "particularly with regards to specific cases,", 
        "as well as the difficulties faced; is", 
        "concerned about the particularly worrying", 
        "situation of Human Rights defenders in", 
        "Belarus, Turkey and Israel;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 6"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "11. Warmly welcomes the HR/VP\u2019s", 
        "statement to Parliament on 13 December", 
        "2011 following up on Parliament\u2019s long-", 
        "standing call for the creation of EU Special", 
        "Representative on Human Rights; endorses", 
        "her view that this would \u2018act as a catalyst", 
        "and raise our profile internationally\u2019, and", 
        "urges the creation of this post forthwith;", 
        "calls for the function-holder to be expert", 
        "in, and represent the HR/VP in relation", 
        "to, international humanitarian law and", 
        "international justice;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 75, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "11. Notes the HR/VP\u2019s statement to", 
        "Parliament on 13 December 2011", 
        "following up on Parliament\u2019s long-standing", 
        "call for the creation of and EU Special", 
        "Representative on Human Rights; requests", 
        "that if this function is created, the EU", 
        "Special Representative will have cross-", 
        "sectoral skills enabling the", 
        "implementation of a cohesion policy", 
        "aimed at integrating Human Rights in all", 
        "EU policies;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 11"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "12. Considers it vital that international", 
        "agreements do not contradict the EU\u2019s", 
        "commitment to fundamental rights;", 
        "proposes that human rights impact", 
        "assessments be undertaken during the", 
        "negotiation stage, to be followed up by", 
        "regular progress reports comprising the", 
        "assessments made by the EU institutions", 
        "and services responsible for", 
        "implementation and evaluations provided", 
        "by local and international civil society", 
        "organisations as part of institutionalised", 
        "civil society monitoring mechanisms;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 82, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "12. Considers it vital that international", 
        "agreements do not contradict the EU\u2019s", 
        "commitment to democracy and Human", 
        "Rights; reiterates its call to the", 
        "Commission and to the Council to make", 
        "clauses concerning democracy and", 
        "Human Rights effective in international", 
        "agreements and calls for an effective", 
        "implementing mechanism of this clause as", 
        "laid down in Articles 8, 9 and 96 of the", 
        "Cotonou Agreement; proposes that", 
        "Human rights impact assessments be", 
        "undertaken during the negotiation stage, to", 
        "be followed up by regular progress reports", 
        "comprising the assessments made by the", 
        "EU institutions and services responsible for", 
        "implementation and evaluations provided", 
        "by local and international civil society", 
        "organisations as part of institutionalised", 
        "civil society monitoring mechanisms;", 
        "believes that these clauses should allow", 
        "the Commission to suspend, at least", 
        "temporarily, trade benefits including those", 
        "from free-trade agreements in the event of", 
        "sufficient evidence of Human Rights", 
        "breaches including the right to work,", 
        "either on its own initiative or following a", 
        "request made by a Member State or the", 
        "European Parliament;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 12"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 85, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "12 a. Calls for the European Union to", 
        "defend, in this context, access for", 
        "populations to the natural and vital", 
        "resources of their countries, access to", 
        "land and food security as a fundamental", 
        "right;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 12 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "13. Recommends that, to move beyond", 
        "general ideas of mainstreaming, a set of", 
        "practical measures be drawn up which", 
        "must be binding on all EU officials", 
        "working externally; stresses that training", 
        "on human rights must be compulsory", 
        "across the EEAS and relevant parts of the", 
        "Commission; recommends that tasks", 
        "pertaining to mainstreaming be", 
        "incorporated into officials\u2019 job descriptions", 
        "as part of the yearly staff evaluation;"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 86, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "13. Recommends that, to move beyond", 
        "general ideas of mainstreaming, a set of", 
        "practical measures be drawn up which", 
        "must be binding on all EU officials", 
        "working externally as well as all staff in", 
        "Member States taking part in the", 
        "operational actions of EU agencies,", 
        "including FRONTEX; stresses that", 
        "training on human rights must be", 
        "compulsory across the EEAS and relevant", 
        "parts of the Commission; recommends that", 
        "tasks pertaining to mainstreaming be", 
        "incorporated into officials\u2019 job descriptions", 
        "as part of the yearly staff evaluation;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 13"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "old": [
        "17. Stresses the fact that in order to attract", 
        "a consensus on more of its proposals at the", 
        "HRC, the EU\u2019s capacity for outreach must", 
        "be improved as a matter of urgency,", 
        "including through enlisting the support of", 
        "the HR/VP to lobby capitals in third", 
        "countries in support of EU positions;", 
        "welcomes the more strategic, medium-term", 
        "approach to the preparation of HRC", 
        "sessions being taken within the Human", 
        "Rights Working Group of the Council", 
        "(COHOM);"
      ], 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 106, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "17. Stresses the fact that in order to attract", 
        "a consensus on more of its proposals at the", 
        "HRC, the EU\u2019s capacity for outreach must", 
        "be improved as a matter of urgency,", 
        "including through enlisting the support of", 
        "the HR/VP to work together with as many", 
        "third countries as possible; welcomes the", 
        "more strategic, medium-term approach to", 
        "the preparation of HRC sessions being", 
        "taken within the Human Rights Working", 
        "Group of the Council (COHOM);"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 17"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 107, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "17a. Highlights that the World Bank", 
        "estimates that today, 60 million men and", 
        "women are totally dependant on forests", 
        "and believes that deforestation constitutes", 
        "a major impediment to the attainment of", 
        "the Millennium Development Goals owing", 
        "to the loss of ecosystem services provided", 
        "by forests (particularly rainfall,", 
        "prevention of soil erosion and water", 
        "purification), considering that 70 % of the", 
        "world\u2019s poor live in rural areas and", 
        "depend directly on natural resources for", 
        "their survival and well-being, and that the", 
        "urban poor also rely on these resources", 
        "for ecosystem services such as the", 
        "maintenance of air and water quality and", 
        "the breakdown of waste;"
      ], 
      "location": [
        [
          "Motion for a resolution", 
          "Paragraph 17 a (new)"
        ]
      ]
    }, 
    {
      "src": "http://www.europarl.europa.eu/sides/getDoc.do?pubRef=-%2f%2fEP%2f%2fNONSGML%2bCOMPARL%2bPE-480.864%2b01%2bDOC%2bPDF%2bV0%2f%2fEN", 
      "reference": "2011/2185(INI)", 
      "seq": 122, 
      "orig_lang": "fr", 
      "meps": [], 
      "committee": [
        "AFET"
      ], 
      "authors": "Marie-Christine Vergiat", 
      "date": "2012-02-22T00:00:00", 
      "new": [
        "21 a. Notes that Columbia remains one of", 
        "the most dangerous countries in the world", 
        "in terms of participation in trade union", 
        "activities, and that Human Rights", 
        "breaches also affecting students, farmers,", 
        "women and children, remain in almost", 
        "complete impunity, believes that", 
        "consequently the ratification of the free-", 
        "trade agreement with this country should", 
        "be subject to conditions; strongly", 
        "condemns the fact that the Intelligence", 
        "Agency (DAS), which depends directly on", 
        "the President of the Republic, carried out", 
        "regular phone-tapping and illegal activity", 
        "aimed at discrediting Supreme Court", 
        "judges, political opponents and Human", 
        "Rights defenders, recalls that the", 
        "European Parliament Subcommittee on", 
        "Human Rights, people residing in Europe", 
        "and NGOs have also been targeted;", 
        "requests that these serious offences do not", 
        "go unpunished; calls for the EU to apply", 
        "the recommendations on Columbia in th